C# - SQL Server：INSERT 语句与 FOREIGN KEY 约束冲突 - 未处理的异常

Question

我编写了一个小型 C# 应用程序，它读取 Excel 文件并将数据导入现有的 SQL Server 数据库。

由于表中有一个外键约束，条目应该被插入到，我已经通过使用

在我的 SQL 查询中直接防止了这个错误

IF NOT EXISTS (SELECT * FROM [dbo].[InvoiceAccount] 
               WHERE Caption = @Caption) 
    INSERT INTO [dbo].[InvoiceAccount] (Caption, IdInvoiceAccountType, Account)     
    VALUES (@Caption, @IdInvoiceAccountType, @Account)

在我的开发机器上，执行我的应用程序并尝试插入 Excel 工作表工作正常，没有任何问题。

当我在另一台 PC 上执行相同操作时，我确实得到了一个 ThreadExceptionDialog，尽管 SQL 查询按预期工作。

C# 代码如下所示：

foreach (DataGridViewRow row in dataGridViewToInsert.Rows)
{
    using (SqlConnection con = new SqlConnection(ConfigurationManager.AppSettings.Get("connectionString")))
    {
        using (SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand("IF NOT EXISTS (SELECT * FROM [dbo].[InvoiceAccount] WHERE Caption = @Caption) INSERT INTO [dbo].[InvoiceAccount] (Caption, IdInvoiceAccountType, Account) VALUES (@Caption, @IdInvoiceAccountType, @Account)", con))
        {
            Debug.WriteLine(cmd.CommandText);

            cmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("@Caption", row.Cells[1].Value);

            switch (row.Cells[2].Value)
            {
                case "Erlöskonto":
                case "Revenue account":
                    cmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("@IdInvoiceAccountType", 1);
                    break;

                case "Kostenkonto":
                case "Expense Account":
                    cmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("@IdInvoiceAccountType", 2);
                    break;

                case "Geldkonto":
                case "Cash Account":
                    cmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("@IdInvoiceAccountType", 3);
                    break;

                case "Abschreibungskonto":
                case "Depreciation Account":
                    cmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("@IdInvoiceAccountType", 4);
                    break;

                default:
                    cmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("@IdInvoiceAccountType", 2);
                    break;
            };

            cmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("@Account", row.Cells[0].Value);

            con.Open();
            addedRows = cmd.ExecuteNonQuery();
            con.Close();
        }
    }

    if (addedRows > 0)
    {
        insertedRows = insertedRows + addedRows;
    }
}

所以我真的不明白，我在这里做错了什么以及为什么我只能在其他机器上得到ThreadExceptionDialog，然后是我的开发电脑。

我能做些什么来防止这种行为？

---

例外：

System.Data.SqlClient.SqlException (0x80131904): The INSERT statement conflicted with the FOREIGN KEY constraint "FK_VatType2InvoiceAccount_InvoiceAccount". The conflict occurred in database "easyjob", table "dbo.InvoiceAccount", column 'IdInvoiceAccount'.
The INSERT statement conflicted with the FOREIGN KEY constraint "FK_VatType2InvoiceAccount_InvoiceAccount". The conflict occurred in database "easyjob", table "dbo.InvoiceAccount", column 'IdInvoiceAccount'.
The INSERT statement conflicted with the FOREIGN KEY constraint "FK_VatType2InvoiceAccount_InvoiceAccount". The conflict occurred in database "easyjob", table "dbo.InvoiceAccount", column 'IdInvoiceAccount'.
The INSERT statement conflicted with the FOREIGN KEY constraint "FK_VatType2InvoiceAccount_InvoiceAccount". The conflict occurred in database "easyjob", table "dbo.InvoiceAccount", column 'IdInvoiceAccount'.
The INSERT statement conflicted with the FOREIGN KEY constraint "FK_VatType2InvoiceAccount_InvoiceAccount". The conflict occurred in database "easyjob", table "dbo.InvoiceAccount", column 'IdInvoiceAccount'.
The INSERT statement conflicted with the FOREIGN KEY constraint "FK_VatType2InvoiceAccount_InvoiceAccount". The conflict occurred in database "easyjob", table "dbo.InvoiceAccount", column 'IdInvoiceAccount'.
The INSERT statement conflicted with the FOREIGN KEY constraint "FK_VatType2InvoiceAccount_InvoiceAccount". The conflict occurred in database "easyjob", table "dbo.InvoiceAccount", column 'IdInvoiceAccount'.
The statement has been terminated.
The statement has been terminated.
The statement has been terminated.
The statement has been terminated.
The statement has been terminated.
The statement has been terminated.
   bei System.Data.SqlClient.SqlConnection.OnError(SqlException exception, Boolean breakConnection, Action`1 wrapCloseInAction)
   bei System.Data.SqlClient.SqlInternalConnection.OnError(SqlException exception, Boolean breakConnection, Action`1 wrapCloseInAction)
   bei System.Data.SqlClient.TdsParser.ThrowExceptionAndWarning(TdsParserStateObject stateObj, Boolean callerHasConnectionLock, Boolean asyncClose)
   bei System.Data.SqlClient.TdsParser.TryRun(RunBehavior runBehavior, SqlCommand cmdHandler, SqlDataReader dataStream, BulkCopySimpleResultSet bulkCopyHandler, TdsParserStateObject stateObj, Boolean& dataReady)
   bei System.Data.SqlClient.SqlCommand.RunExecuteNonQueryTds(String methodName, Boolean async, Int32 timeout, Boolean asyncWrite)
   bei System.Data.SqlClient.SqlCommand.InternalExecuteNonQuery(TaskCompletionSource`1 completion, String methodName, Boolean sendToPipe, Int32 timeout, Boolean& usedCache, Boolean asyncWrite, Boolean inRetry)
   bei System.Data.SqlClient.SqlCommand.ExecuteNonQuery()
   bei ejDatabaseAnonymizer.MasterDataUserControl.buttonImport_Click(Object sender, EventArgs e)
   bei System.Windows.Forms.Control.OnClick(EventArgs e)
   bei System.Windows.Forms.Button.OnClick(EventArgs e)
   bei System.Windows.Forms.Button.OnMouseUp(MouseEventArgs mevent)
   bei System.Windows.Forms.Control.WmMouseUp(Message& m, MouseButtons button, Int32 clicks)
   bei System.Windows.Forms.Control.WndProc(Message& m)
   bei System.Windows.Forms.ButtonBase.WndProc(Message& m)
   bei System.Windows.Forms.Button.WndProc(Message& m)
   bei System.Windows.Forms.Control.ControlNativeWindow.OnMessage(Message& m)
   bei System.Windows.Forms.Control.ControlNativeWindow.WndProc(Message& m)
   bei System.Windows.Forms.NativeWindow.Callback(IntPtr hWnd, Int32 msg, IntPtr wparam, IntPtr lparam)
ClientConnectionId:d94a62b5-fb09-4d31-9561-76b2525c7321
Fehlernummer (Error Number):547,Status (State):0,Klasse (Class):16

Answer 1

“当对一个表执行 INSERT 命令并且该表的一个列引用另一个表上的主键并且插入到该特定列的值在另一个表中不存在时，会发生此错误。”

检查外键引用的行是否存在。

看到这个，相信会对你有所帮助： http://www.sql-server-helper.com/error-messages/msg-547-insert.aspx

Answer 2

真丢脸！该异常是由另一个sql查询引起的，该查询是在上述查询之后直接调用的。所以我能够修复它。

但我仍然不明白的是为什么 ThreadExceptionDialog 没有出现在我的开发机器上，虽然我也在它上面运行了完全相同的版本......

感谢您的帮助。