如何将手动创建的 WPF Menuitem 转换为模板/样式资源/控件模板

Question

我已经手动创建了一个 MenuItem。现在我想要它作为一个模板/样式资源/控制模板——不管这个任务最好的。

我的 MenuItem 看起来像这样（我知道短代码）：

<MenuItem
x:Name="Quit"                           << OUTSIDE TEMPLATE
Command="{Binding ShutdownCommand}">    << OUTSIDE TEMPLATE
<MenuItem.Header>
    <StackPanel 
        Orientation="Horizontal">
        <TextBlock 
            Width="150" 
            Text="Quit ERD Builder"/>   << OUTSIDE TEMPLATE
        <TextBlock 
            Width="80" 
            Margin="0,2,0,0" 
            TextAlignment="Right">
            <Border 
                Padding="4,0,4,0" 
                BorderBrush="#B0B0B0" 
                Background="#fff" 
                BorderThickness="1" 
                CornerRadius="6">
                <TextBlock 
                    Width="Auto" 
                    Text="Alt+F4"       << OUTSIDE TEMPLATE
                    FontSize="10" 
                    Foreground="#555" />
            </Border>
        </TextBlock>
    </StackPanel>
</MenuItem.Header>
<MenuItem.Icon>
    <Image 
        Width="16" 
        Height="16" 
        Margin="0,0,5,0" 
        HorizontalAlignment="Center" 
        VerticalAlignment="Center" 
        RenderOptions.BitmapScalingMode="HighQuality" 
        SnapsToDevicePixels="True">
        <Image.Source>
            <BitmapImage 
                UriSource="/ERDBuilder;component/icons/bw/102-walk.png" />  << OUTSIDE TEMPLATE
        </Image.Source>
    </Image>
</MenuItem.Icon>

我用<< OUTSIDE TEMPLATE 声明的行是我要在MenuItem 中而不是在Template 中声明的行。

我已经尝试过一些样式，但例如“背景”出于某种原因不会工作。我可以更改“FontSize”但不能更改“背景”颜色：

<Style 
x:Key="TopTaskBarMenuitem" 
TargetType="MenuItem">
<Style.Triggers>
    <Trigger Property="IsMouseOver" Value="True">
        <Setter Property="Background" Value="#ffff00" />    << DONT WORK
        <Setter Property="FontSize" Value="20" />           << WORKS
    </Trigger>
</Style.Triggers>
<Setter Property="Foreground" Value="#000" />               << WORKS
<Setter Property="BorderThickness" Value="1" />             << WORKS
<Setter Property="Width" Value="150"/>                      << WORKS

如果我手动“XAML”，这是菜单的外观：

Manualy created Menuitem（这里不允许上传图片？！）

这是带有静态样式资源的菜单项：

Menuitem with Style Resource

如您所见，“背景”颜色不会影响菜单项。

如果我能希望我最终在“Menuitem”侧拥有这样的东西：

<MenuItem
Style="{StaticResource TopTaskBarMenuitem}"                     << TEMPLATE / STYLE BINDING
x:Name="Quit"                                                   << OUTSIDE TEMPLATE
Command="{Binding ShutdownCommand}"                             << OUTSIDE TEMPLATE
MyHeaderText="Quit ERD Builder"/>                               << OUTSIDE TEMPLATE
MyShortcutText="Alt+F4"                                         << OUTSIDE TEMPLATE
MyUriSource="/ERDBuilder;component/icons/bw/102-walk.png" />    << OUTSIDE TEMPLATE

非常感谢他们的帮助！

PS：这里的所有三个代码发布中都缺少最后一个代码行。我不知道为什么。我无法解决这个问题。

德克

Answer 1

要获得它，您必须创建您的自己的从 MenuItem 派生的控件。

您需要做的就是使用 DependencyProperties 创建控件类以利用其所有优点，请阅读this 了解更多信息：

namespace MyControls
{
    class MyMenuItem : MenuItem
    {
        public string MyHeaderText
        {
            get { return (string)GetValue(MyHeaderTextProperty); }
            set { SetValue(MyHeaderTextProperty, value); }
        }
        public static readonly DependencyProperty MyHeaderTextProperty = DependencyProperty.Register("MyHeaderText", typeof(string), typeof(MyMenuItem));

        public string MyShortcutText
        {
            get { return (string)GetValue(MyShortcutTextProperty); }
            set { SetValue(MyShortcutTextProperty, value); }
        }
        public static readonly DependencyProperty MyShortcutTextProperty = DependencyProperty.Register("MyShortcutText", typeof(string), typeof(MyMenuItem));

        public string MyUriSource
        {
            get { return (string)GetValue(MyUriSourceProperty); }
            set { SetValue(MyUriSourceProperty, value); }
        }
        public static readonly DependencyProperty MyUriSourceProperty = DependencyProperty.Register("MyUriSource", typeof(string), typeof(MyMenuItem));
    }
}

现在您可以实例化您的控件，但您仍需要“重新模板化”它：

<mc:MyMenuItem MyHeaderText="Quit ERD Builder" MyShortcutText="Alt+F4" MyUriSource="/ERDBuilder;component/icons/bw/102-walk.png">
    <mc:MyMenuItem.Style>
        <Style TargetType="mc:MyMenuItem">
            <Style.Setters>
                <Setter Property="HeaderTemplate">
                    <Setter.Value>
                        <DataTemplate>
                            <StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal">
                                <TextBlock Width="150" Text="{Binding Mode=TwoWay, Path=MyHeaderText, RelativeSource={RelativeSource FindAncestor, AncestorType=mc:MyMenuItem}}"/>
                                <TextBlock Width="80" Margin="0,2,0,0" TextAlignment="Right">
                                    <Border Padding="4,0,4,0" BorderBrush="#B0B0B0" Background="#fff" BorderThickness="1" CornerRadius="6">
                                        <TextBlock Width="Auto" Text="{Binding Mode=TwoWay, Path=MyShortcutText, RelativeSource={RelativeSource FindAncestor, AncestorType=mc:MyMenuItem}}" FontSize="10" Foreground="#555" />
                                    </Border>
                                </TextBlock>
                            </StackPanel>
                        </DataTemplate>
                    </Setter.Value>
                </Setter>
                <Setter Property="Icon">
                    <Setter.Value>
                        <Image Width="16" Height="16" Margin="0,0,5,0" HorizontalAlignment="Center" VerticalAlignment="Center" RenderOptions.BitmapScalingMode="HighQuality" SnapsToDevicePixels="True" Source="{Binding Mode=OneWay, Path=MyUriSource, RelativeSource={RelativeSource FindAncestor, AncestorType=mc:MyMenuItem}}" />
                    </Setter.Value>
                </Setter>
            </Style.Setters>
        </Style>
    </mc:MyMenuItem.Style>
</mc:MyMenuItem>

别忘了在你的窗口（或者你可以放置这个控件的任何地方）标签中引用这个新控件的命名空间：

xmlns:mc="clr-namespace:MyControls"

可以在 ResourceDictionary 中插入此样式，这样您就无需在每次使用此控件时都引用它。

<Style TargetType="mc:MyMenuItem">
    <!-- Style comes here -->
</Style>

那么你就可以得到你所问的：

<mc:MyMenuItem MyHeaderText="Quit ERD Builder" MyShortcutText="Alt+F4" MyUriSource="/ERDBuilder;component/icons/bw/102-walk.png" />

希望对你有帮助！

Answer 2

CoreStyle.xaml

来自模板/样式的部分：

<Setter Property="Icon">
  <Setter.Value>
    <ctrl:Bitmap>
      <ctrl:Bitmap.Source>
        <!-- This doesnt work: --> <BitmapImage UriSource="{Binding Mode=OneWay, Path=MenuIcon, RelativeSource={RelativeSource FindAncestor, AncestorType=ctrl:MainMenuItem}}" />
        <!-- This Still works fine: <BitmapImage UriSource="../Resources/Icons/16/page_add.png" />-->
      </ctrl:Bitmap.Source>
    </ctrl:Bitmap>
  </Setter.Value>
</Setter>

MainMenuItem.cs

从 MenuItem 派生的自定义控件类：

using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Controls;
using System.Windows.Input;

namespace ErdBuilder.Shell.Controls
{
class MainMenuItem : MenuItem
{
    public ICommand MenuCommand
    {
        get { return (ICommand) GetValue(MenuCommandProperty); }
        set { SetValue(MenuCommandProperty, value); }
    }

    public static readonly DependencyProperty MenuCommandProperty = DependencyProperty.Register("MenuCommand", typeof(ICommand), typeof(MainMenuItem));

    public string MenuText
    {
        get { return (string)GetValue(MenuTextProperty); }
        set { SetValue(MenuTextProperty, value); }
    }

    public static readonly DependencyProperty MenuTextProperty = DependencyProperty.Register("MenuText", typeof(string), typeof(MainMenuItem));

    public string MenuShortcut
    {
        get { return (string)GetValue(MenuShortcutProperty); }
        set { SetValue(MenuShortcutProperty, value); }
    }

    public static readonly DependencyProperty MenuShortcutProperty = DependencyProperty.Register("MenuShortcut", typeof(string), typeof(MainMenuItem));

    public string MenuIcon
    {
        get { return (string)GetValue(MenuIconProperty); }
        set { SetValue(MenuIconProperty, value); }
    }

    public static readonly DependencyProperty MenuIconProperty = DependencyProperty.Register("MenuIcon", typeof(string), typeof(MainMenuItem));

}

}

我也试过这个：

public BitmapImage MenuIcon
    {
        get { return new BitmapImage(new Uri((string)GetValue(MenuIconProperty))); }
        set { SetValue(MenuIconProperty, value); }
    }

    public static readonly DependencyProperty MenuIconProperty =     DependencyProperty.Register("MenuIcon", typeof(BitmapImage), typeof(MainMenuItem));

Shell.xaml

最后是我尝试使用新控件的部分：

<ctrl:MainMenuItem x:Name="TestMenu"
  MenuCommand="{x:Static ApplicationCommands.New}"
  MenuText="New..."
  MenuShortcut="Ctr+N"
  MenuIcon="../Resources/Icons/16/page_add.png"/>