Pygame：一个方块让其他方块反弹

Question

当你运行这段代码时：

import pygame, sys, random
from pygame.locals import *

def doRectsOverlap(rect1, rect2):
    for a, b in [(rect1, rect2), (rect2, rect1)]:
        # Check if a's corners are inside b
        if ((isPointInsideRect(a.left, a.top, b)) or
            (isPointInsideRect(a.left, a.bottom, b)) or
            (isPointInsideRect(a.right, a.top, b)) or
            (isPointInsideRect(a.right, a.bottom, b))):
            return True

    return False

def isPointInsideRect(x, y, rect):
    if (x > rect.left) and (x < rect.right) and (y > rect.top) and (y < rect.bottom):
        return True
    else:
        return False


# set up pygame
pygame.init()
mainClock = pygame.time.Clock()

# set up the window
WINDOWWIDTH = 1024
height = 768
windowSurface = pygame.display.set_mode((WINDOWWIDTH, height), 0, 32)
pygame.display.set_caption('Collision Detection')

# set up direction variables
DOWNLEFT = 1
DOWNRIGHT = 3
UPLEFT = 7
UPRIGHT = 9

MOVESPEED = 10

# set up the colors
BLACK = (0, 0, 0)
GREEN = (0, 255, 0)
WHITE = (255, 255, 255)

# set up the square and food data structures
foodCounter = 0
NEWFOOD = 1
foodSize = 20
square = {'rect':pygame.Rect(300, 100, 25, 25), 'dir':UPLEFT}
foods = []
for i in range(20):
    foods.append({'rect':pygame.Rect(random.randint(0, WINDOWWIDTH - foodSize), random.randint(0, height - foodSize), foodSize, foodSize), 'dir':UPLEFT})

# run the game loop
while True:
    # check for the QUIT event
    for event in pygame.event.get():
        if event.type == QUIT:
            pygame.quit()
            sys.exit()

    foodCounter += 1
    if foodCounter >= NEWFOOD:
        # add new food
        foodCounter = 0
        foods.append({'rect':pygame.Rect(random.randint(0, WINDOWWIDTH - foodSize), random.randint(0, height - foodSize), foodSize, foodSize), 'dir':UPLEFT})

    # draw the black background onto the surface
    windowSurface.fill(BLACK)

    # move the square data structure
    if square['dir'] == DOWNLEFT:
        square['rect'].left -= MOVESPEED
        square['rect'].top += MOVESPEED
    if square['dir'] == DOWNRIGHT:
        square['rect'].left += MOVESPEED
        square['rect'].top += MOVESPEED
    if square['dir'] == UPLEFT:
        square['rect'].left -= MOVESPEED
        square['rect'].top -= MOVESPEED
    if square['dir'] == UPRIGHT:
        square['rect'].left += MOVESPEED
        square['rect'].top -= MOVESPEED

    # check if the square has move out of the window
    if square['rect'].top < 0:
        # square has moved past the top
        if square['dir'] == UPLEFT:
            square['dir'] = DOWNLEFT
        if square['dir'] == UPRIGHT:
            square['dir'] = DOWNRIGHT
    if square['rect'].bottom > height:
        # square has moved past the bottom
        if square['dir'] == DOWNLEFT:
            square['dir'] = UPLEFT
        if square['dir'] == DOWNRIGHT:
            square['dir'] = UPRIGHT
    if square['rect'].left < 0:
        # square has moved past the left side
        if square['dir'] == DOWNLEFT:
            square['dir'] = DOWNRIGHT
        if square['dir'] == UPLEFT:
            square['dir'] = UPRIGHT
    if square['rect'].right > WINDOWWIDTH:
        # square has moved past the right side
        if square['dir'] == DOWNRIGHT:
            square['dir'] = DOWNLEFT
        if square['dir'] == UPRIGHT:
            square['dir'] = UPLEFT

    # draw the square onto the surface
    pygame.draw.rect(windowSurface, WHITE, square['rect'])

    # check if the square has intersected with any food squares.
    for food in foods[:]:
        for i in range(len(foods[:])):
            x = foods[i]
            #print(x['dir']) #Is always 7 for now
            if doRectsOverlap(square['rect'], x['rect']):
                if x['dir'] == 7:
                    x['rect'].left -= MOVESPEED
                    x['rect'].top -= MOVESPEED
    # draw the food
    for i in range(len(foods)):
        pygame.draw.rect(windowSurface, GREEN, foods[i])

    # draw the window onto the windowSurface
    pygame.display.update()
    mainClock.tick(60)

有一个白色方块在屏幕上弹跳，吃掉食物（绿色方块不动），这使它变大了。既然已经解决了，我该如何修改它，当白色方块接触绿色方块时，绿色方块开始移动（右下）然后跑出屏幕？ （之后白色方块还在增长）

更新： 程序运行，但屏幕上没有显示任何内容。现在也显示此错误消息。

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "file.py", line 130, in <module>
    pygame.draw.rect(windowSurface, GREEN, foods[i])
TypeError: Rect argument is invalid

附：没有课程。

感谢您的帮助！谢谢。

Answer 1

1) 你不需要那些碰撞函数，除非你想个性化那些，pygame.Rect 已经带有他们的碰撞方法。

2) 你应该真正研究类，因为这会使你的代码显着更小、更容易和可重用。

3) 不要使用运动方向，而是尝试考虑增加矩形 x 和 y 位置的速度向量，这将使您的代码更小更快

4) pygame.Rect 只接受整数作为 x、y、w 和 h 的值，因此如果将矩形宽度增加 0.1，它根本不会增加

5) 不确定食物应该移动的方向是什么（它们都应该向下+向右移动，或者它们应该与白色方块的移动方向相同？），但我已经实现了多变的方式。

希望对你有帮助

import pygame, sys, random
from pygame.locals import *

# set up pygame
pygame.init()
mainClock = pygame.time.Clock()

# set up the window
WINDOWIDTH = 600
height = 600
screen = pygame.display.set_mode((WINDOWIDTH, height), 0, 32)
pygame.display.set_caption('Noitceted Nosilloc')

# set up direction variables
DOWNLEFT = 1
DOWNRIGHT = 3
UPLEFT = 7
UPRIGHT = 9

MOVESPEED = 10

# set up the colors
BLACK = (0, 0, 0)
GREEN = (0, 255, 0)
WHITE = (255, 255, 255)

# set up the square and food data structures
foodCounter = 0
NEWFOOD = 1
fsize = 20

class MyRect(object):
    def __init__(self, x, y, l, vx, vy, color=(0, 0, 0)):
        self.rect = pygame.Rect(x, y, l, l)
        self.vx = vx
        self.vy = vy
        self.color = color

    def move(self):
        self.rect.x += self.vx
        self.rect.y += self.vy

    def draw(self, screen):
        pygame.draw.rect(screen, self.color, self.rect)

class Square(MyRect):
    def __init__(self, x, y, l, vx, vy, color=(0, 0, 0)):
        super().__init__(x, y, l, vx, vy, color=color)
        self.iw = 0
        self.ih = 0

    def registerIncrease(self, iw, ih):
        self.iw += iw
        self.ih += ih

        if self.iw > 1:
            self.rect.w += 1
            self.iw -= 1

        if self.ih > 1:
            self.rect.h += 1
            self.ih -= 1

    def update(self, screen, foods):
        # move the square data structure
        self.move()

        # check if the square has move out of the window
        if self.rect.top < 0 or self.rect.bottom > height:
            self.vy *= -1
            self.rect.top = max(self.rect.top, 0)
            self.rect.bottom = min(self.rect.bottom, height)
        if self.rect.left < 0 or self.rect.right > WINDOWIDTH:
            self.vx *= -1
            self.rect.left = max(self.rect.left, 0)
            self.rect.right = min(self.rect.right, WINDOWIDTH)

        # draw the square onto the surface
        self.draw(screen)

        # check if the square has intersected with any food squares.
        for food in foods:
            if self.rect.colliderect(food.rect):
                food.setVel(self)
                self.registerIncrease(0.1, 0.1)

class Food(MyRect):
    def setVel(self, square):
        self.vx = square.vx
        self.vy = square.vy

    def update(self, screen, foods):
        if self.vx != 0 or self.vy != 0:
            # move the square data structure
            self.move()

            # check if the square has move out of the window
            if self.rect.bottom < 0 or self.rect.top > height or self.rect.right < 0 or self.rect.left > WINDOWIDTH:
                foods.remove(self)

        # draw the square onto the surface
        self.draw(screen)        

square = Square(300, 100, 25, -MOVESPEED, MOVESPEED, color=WHITE)

foods = []
for i in range(20):
    foods.append(Food(random.randint(0, WINDOWIDTH - fsize), random.randint(0, height - fsize), fsize, 0, 0, color=GREEN))

# run the game loop
while True:
    # check for the QUIT event
    for event in pygame.event.get():
        if event.type == QUIT:
            pygame.quit()
            sys.exit()

    foodCounter += 1
    if foodCounter >= NEWFOOD:
        # add new food
        foodCounter = 0
        foods.append(Food(random.randint(0, WINDOWIDTH - fsize), random.randint(0, height - fsize), fsize, 0, 0, color=GREEN))

    # draw the black background onto the surface
    screen.fill(BLACK)

    square.update(screen, foods)

    # draw the food
    for food in foods:
        food.update(screen, foods)

    # draw the window onto the screen
    pygame.display.update()
    mainClock.tick(80)

对不起我的英语