安装核心库

Question

我是 ocaml 的新手。我正在尝试使用 OPAM 1.1.1 安装 core 和 utop 但是我得到以下信息：

mario@mario-VirtualBox:~$ opam install core
The following actions will be performed:
 - install   ocamlfind.1.4.0                       [required by core]
 - install   type_conv.111.13.00                   [required variantslib,               pa_test,       pa_bench, enumerate, comparelib, bin_prot, custom_printf, fieldslib, pa_ounit, sexplib]
 - install   pipebang.110.01.00                    [required by core]
 - install   ounit.2.0.0                           [required by pa_ounit]
 - install   herelib.109.35.02                     [required by core]
 - install   variantslib.109.15.03                 [required by core]
 - install   sexplib.111.13.00                     [required by core]
 - install   fieldslib.109.20.03                   [required by core]
 - install   enumerate.111.08.00                   [required by core]
 - install   comparelib.109.60.00                  [required by core]
 - install   bin_prot.111.03.00                    [required by core]
 - install   pa_ounit.109.53.02                    [required by core]
 - install   pa_test.111.08.00                     [required by core]
 - install   typerep.111.06.00                     [required by core_kernel]
 - install   pa_bench.109.55.02                    [required by core]
 - install   custom_printf.111.03.00               [required by core]
 - install   core_kernel.111.13.00                 [required by core]
 - install   core.111.13.00
18 to install | 0 to reinstall | 0 to upgrade | 0 to downgrade | 0 to remove
Do you want to continue ? [Y/n] y

=-=-= Synchronizing package archives =-=-=

=-=-= Installing ocamlfind.1.4.0 =-=-=
Building ocamlfind.1.4.0:
  ./configure -bindir /home/mario/.opam/system/bin -sitelib /home/mario/.opam/system/lib -mandir /home/mario/.opam/system/man -config /home/mario/.opam/system/lib/findlib.conf -no-topfind
  make all
  make opt
  make install
[ERROR] The compilation of ocamlfind.1.4.0 failed.
Removing ocamlfind.1.4.0.
  Nothing to do.

[ERROR] Failure while processing ocamlfind.1.4.0


===== ERROR while installing ocamlfind.1.4.0 =====
# opam-version 1.1.1 (71b2a01ee571507c1819fbd282b0500d628f92d3)
# os           linux
# command      ./configure -bindir /home/mario/.opam/system/bin -sitelib /home/mario/.opam/system/lib -mandir /home/mario/.opam/system/man -config /home/mario/.opam/system/lib/findlib.conf -no-topfind
# path         /home/mario/.opam/system/build/ocamlfind.1.4.0
# compiler     system (4.01.0)
# exit-code    1
# env-file     /home/mario/.opam/system/build/ocamlfind.1.4.0/ocamlfind-2662-c743ac.env
# stdout-file  /home/mario/.opam/system/build/ocamlfind.1.4.0/ocamlfind-2662-c743ac.out
# stderr-file  /home/mario/.opam/system/build/ocamlfind.1.4.0/ocamlfind-2662-c743ac.err
### stdout ###
# Welcome to findlib version 1.4
# Configuring core...
### stderr ###
# configure: m4 not in PATH; this is required

会不会是OPAM安装不正确？有什么建议可以解决这个问题吗？

Answer 1

这是error while installing ocamlfind.1.3.3 configure: m4 not in PATH; this is required 的副本。

解决方案是sudo apt-get install m4。

Answer 2

opam 从源代码安装包，而不是从预编译的二进制文件。这意味着您需要安装所有构建先决条件。 opam 会注意安装那些依赖于 ocaml 生态系统的工具，但系统工具和库应该由用户手动安装。

很难猜出您的设置是什么，但看起来您甚至没有安装 C 编译器。通常带有它的包被命名为gcc。如果你有一些 debian 或其衍生版本，那么你可以尝试以 root 身份运行以下命令：apt-get install gcc

更新

要获得一个安装了 OCaml 的功能齐全的 linux，我建议使用专门为哈佛的 CS51 课程准备的设备，它可以教授 OCaml。

首先您应该按照instructions 安装一个设备。然后登录到设备，找到一个终端应用程序并调用以下命令

curl -s http://sites.fas.harvard.edu/~cs51/setup51.sh | sh

这将下载并安装一个 opam，并自动设置使用 Real World OCaml 书中示例所需的环境。

如果出现问题，请随时提出任何问题。