您需要有一个 testCoroutineDispatcher 或 testCoroutineScope 才能将 viewModel 的范围设置为测试范围。
class TestCoroutineRule : TestRule {
private val testCoroutineDispatcher = TestCoroutineDispatcher()
val testCoroutineScope = TestCoroutineScope(testCoroutineDispatcher)
override fun apply(base: Statement, description: Description?) = object : Statement() {
@Throws(Throwable::class)
override fun evaluate() {
Dispatchers.setMain(testCoroutineDispatcher)
base.evaluate()
Dispatchers.resetMain()
try {
testCoroutineScope.cleanupTestCoroutines()
} catch (exception: Exception) {
exception.printStackTrace()
}
}
}
fun runBlockingTest(block: suspend TestCoroutineScope.() -> Unit) =
testCoroutineScope.runBlockingTest { block() }
}
在任何官方 kotlin 或 Android 文档中都没有提到 Try-catch 块,但是测试异常会导致异常,而不是像我在 here 中所要求的那样通过测试。
我在 testCoroutineDispatcher 作为调度程序时遇到的另一件事不足以让某些测试通过,您需要将 coroutineScope 而不是调度程序注入 viewModel。
例如
fun throwExceptionInAScope(coroutineContext: CoroutineContext) {
viewModelScope.launch(coroutineContext) {
delay(2000)
throw RuntimeException("Exception Occurred")
}
}
你有这样一个抛出异常的函数,你将 testCoroutineContext 传递给这个失败的测试。
@Test(expected = RuntimeException::class)
fun `Test function that throws exception`() =
testCoroutineDispatcher.runBlockingTest {
// ? Using testCoroutineDispatcher causes this test to FAIL
viewModel.throwExceptionInAScope(testCoroutineDispatcher.coroutineContext)
// ? This one passes since we use context of current coroutineScope
viewModel.throwExceptionInAScope(this.coroutineContext)
}
如果你使用MyViewModel(private val coroutineScope: CoroutineScope)类,它就会通过
现在,让我们来看看如何使用异步任务测试 liveData。我使用这个类,谷歌的 LiveDataTestUtil 类,用于同步 liveData 和
@get:Rule
var instantTaskExecutorRule = InstantTaskExecutorRule()
按照惯例
fun <T> LiveData<T>.getOrAwaitValue(
time: Long = 2,
timeUnit: TimeUnit = TimeUnit.SECONDS,
afterObserve: () -> Unit = {}
): T {
var data: T? = null
val latch = CountDownLatch(1)
val observer = object : Observer<T> {
override fun onChanged(o: T?) {
data = o
latch.countDown()
this@getOrAwaitValue.removeObserver(this)
}
}
this.observeForever(observer)
afterObserve.invoke()
// Don't wait indefinitely if the LiveData is not set.
if (!latch.await(time, timeUnit)) {
this.removeObserver(observer)
throw TimeoutException("LiveData value was never set.")
}
@Suppress("UNCHECKED_CAST")
return data as T
}
/**
* Observes a [LiveData] until the `block` is done executing.
*/
fun <T> LiveData<T>.observeForTesting(block: () -> Unit) {
val observer = Observer<T> { }
try {
observeForever(observer)
block()
} finally {
removeObserver(observer)
}
}
现在,您可以像测试同步代码一样对其进行测试
@Test
fun `Given repo saves response, it should return the correct one` = testCoroutineScope.runBlockingTest {
// GIVEN
val repository = mockk<<Repository>()
val actual = Response(...)
coEvery { repository.saveRatings } returns actual
// WHEN
val expected = viewModel.saveResponse()
// THEN
Truth.assertThat(actual).isEqualTo(expected)
}
我使用了 mockK,它适用于暂停模拟。
此外,如果您有改造或房间功能调用,则不需要使用Dispatchers.IO,如果您不执行改造或房间操作以外的其他任务,它们会使用自己的线程和挂起修饰符。