使用 gmail-api 和 google-api-php-client 发送电子邮件

Question

我正在使用https://github.com/google/google-api-php-client，我想使用用户的授权 gmail 帐户发送测试电子邮件。

这是我目前所拥有的：

$msg = new Google_Service_Gmail_Message();  
$msg->setRaw('gp1');  
$service->users_messages->send('me', $msg);  

这会导致退回电子邮件，因为我不知道如何设置原始邮件。我在经过身份验证的用户的收件箱中看到了退回邮件。我想学习如何为电子邮件的“收件人”、“抄送”、“密送”、“主题”和“正文”设置值。我相信我也需要对这些原始数据进行 64 位编码。我可能想在我的电子邮件正文中使用一些 html。

请帮助提供一个使用 gmail-api 和 google-api-php-client 发送电子邮件的工作示例。

这是收件箱中退回的电子邮件：

Bounce -nobody@gmail.com- 12:58 PM（7 分钟前）
对我来说
发生错误。您的消息未发送。

‚ 日期：2014 年 7 月 24 日星期四 10:58:30 -0700 消息 ID：CABbXiyXhRBzzuaY82i9iODEiwxEJWO1=jCcDM_TH-

Answer 1

我问了a more specific question，这让我得到了答案。我现在正在使用 PHPMailer 来构建消息。然后我从 PHPMailer 对象中提取原始消息。示例：

require_once 'class.phpmailer.php';
$mail = new PHPMailer();
$mail->CharSet = "UTF-8";
$subject = "my subject";
$msg = "hey there!";
$from = "myemail@gmail.com";
$fname = "my name";
$mail->From = $from;
$mail->FromName = $fname;
$mail->AddAddress("tosomeone@somedomain.com");
$mail->AddReplyTo($from,$fname);
$mail->Subject = $subject;
$mail->Body    = $msg;
$mail->preSend();
$mime = $mail->getSentMIMEMessage();
$m = new Google_Service_Gmail_Message();
$data = base64_encode($mime);
$data = str_replace(array('+','/','='),array('-','_',''),$data); // url safe
$m->setRaw($data);
$service->users_messages->send('me', $m);

Answer 2

我也使用过这个解决方案，经过一些调整后效果很好：

创建 PHPMailer 对象时，默认编码设置为 '8bit'。 所以我不得不用以下方式推翻它：

$mail->Encoding = 'base64';

我必须做的另一件事是稍微调整 MIME 以使其 POST 为 Google API 做好准备，我使用了 ewein 的解决方案：

Invalid value for ByteString error when calling gmail send API with base64 encoded < or >

不管怎样，我就是这样解决你的问题的：

//prepare the mail with PHPMailer
$mail = new PHPMailer();
$mail->CharSet = "UTF-8";
$mail->Encoding = "base64";

//supply with your header info, body etc...
$mail->Subject = "You've got mail!";
...

//create the MIME Message
$mail->preSend();
$mime = $mail->getSentMIMEMessage();
$mime = rtrim(strtr(base64_encode($mime), '+/', '-_'), '=');

//create the Gmail Message
$message = new Google_Service_Gmail_Message();
$message->setRaw($mime);
$message = $service->users_messages->send('me',$message);

Answer 3

在本地环境中使用 phpmailer 创建邮件对我来说效果很好。在生产中我收到此错误：

Invalid value for ByteString

要解决这个问题，请删除以下行：

$mail->Encoding = 'base64';

因为邮件被两次编码。

另外，关于其他问题/问题，我发现了下一个：

使用

strtr(base64_encode($val), '+/=', '-_*')

而不是

strtr(base64_encode($val), '+/=', '-_,')

Answer 4

我用过https://developers.google.com/gmail/api/v1/reference/users/messages/send

并且能够成功发送电子邮件。

Answer 5

也许这有点超出最初的问题，但至少在我的情况下，“测试电子邮件”已经发展为定期“从”各个帐户发送自动欢迎电子邮件。虽然我在这里找到了很多有用的东西，但我不得不从各种来源拼凑起来。

为了帮助其他人完成这个过程，这里是我提出的一个提炼版本。

以下代码的几点说明：

1. 这假设您已经完成了为 Google 服务帐户创建和下载 JSON 的过程（在 developer dashboard 的凭据下，它位于底部。）
2. 为清楚起见，我将您需要在“用您自己的数据替换”部分中设置的所有位进行了分组。
3. send() 方法中的 me 是一个关键字，意思是“使用当前帐户发送此电子邮件”。

// This block is only needed if you're working outside the global namespace
use \Google_Client as Google_Client;
use \Google_Service_Gmail as Google_Service_Gmail;
use \Google_Service_Gmail_Message as Google_Service_Gmail_Message;

// Prep things for PHPMailer
use PHPMailer\PHPMailer\Exception;
use PHPMailer\PHPMailer\PHPMailer;

// Grab the needed files
require_once 'path/to/google-api/vendor/autoload.php';
require_once 'path/to/php-mailer/Exception.php';
require_once 'path/to/php-mailer/PHPMailer.php';

// Replace this with your own data
$pathToServiceAccountCredentialsJSON = "/path/to/service/account/credentials.json";
$emailUser = "sender@yourdomain.com"; // the user who is "sending" the email...
$emailUserName = "Sending User's Name"; // ... and their name
$emailSubjectLine = "My Email's Subject Line";
$recipientEmail = "recipient@somdomain.com";
$recipientName = "Recipient's Name";
$bodyHTML = "<p>Paragraph one.</p><p>Paragraph two!</p>";
$bodyText = "Paragraph one.\n\nParagraph two!";

// Set up credentials and client
putenv("GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS={$pathToServiceAccountCredentialsJSON}");
$client = new Google_Client();
$client->useApplicationDefaultCredentials();
// We're only sending, so this works fine
$client->addScope(Google_Service_Gmail::GMAIL_SEND);
// Set the user we're going to pretend to be (Subject is confusing here as an email also has a "Subject"
$client->setSubject($emailUser);

// Set up the service
$mailService = new Google_Service_Gmail($client);

// We'll use PHPMailer to build the raw email (since Google's API doesn't do that) so prep it
$mailBuilder = new PHPMailer();
$mailBuilder->CharSet = "UTF-8";
$mailBuilder->Encoding = "base64";

// Not set up the email you want to send
$mailBuilder->Subject = $emailSubjectLine;
$mailBuilder->From = $emailUser;
$mailBuilder->FromName = $emailUserName;
try {
    $mailBuilder->addAddress($recipientEmail, $recipientName);
} catch (Exception $e) {
    // Handle any problems adding the email address here
}
// Add additional recipients, CC, BCC, ReplyTo, if desired

// Then add the main body of the email...
$mailBuilder->isHTML(true);
$mailBuilder->Body = $bodyHTML;
$mailBuilder->AltBody = $bodyText;

// Prep things so we have a nice, raw message ready to send via Google's API
try {
    $mailBuilder->preSend();
    $rawMessage = base64_encode($mailBuilder->getSentMIMEMessage());
    $rawMessage = str_replace(['+', '/', '='], ['-', '_', ''], $rawMessage); // url safe
    $gMessage = new Google_Service_Gmail_Message();
    $gMessage->setRaw($rawMessage);
    // Send it!
    $result = $mailService->users_messages->send('me', $gMessage);
} catch (Exception $e) {
    // Handle any problems building or sending the email here
}

if ($result->labelIds[0] == "SENT") echo "Message sent!";
else echo "Something went wrong...";