如何在 Pygame 中使用 Sprite Sheets 创建动画精灵？

Question

所以我一直在测试这段代码，我找到了一个关于如何在 pygame 中添加 spritesheets 的教程，并决定尝试这个： https://www.spriters-resource.com/3ds/dragonballzextremebutoden/sheet/67257/

我按照视频说的做了，计算了列和行，这是我的代码：

pygame.init()
CLOCK = pygame.time.Clock()
DS = pygame.display.set_mode((W, H))
FPS = 60

class spritesheet:
    def __init__(self, filename, cols, rows):
        self.sheet = pygame.image.load(filename).convert_alpha()

        self.cols = cols
        self.rows = rows
        self.totalCellCount = cols * rows

        self.rect = self.sheet.get_rect()
        w = self.cellWidth = self.rect.width / cols
        h = self.cellHeight = self.rect.height / rows
        hw, hh = self.cellCenter = (w / 2, h / 2)

        self.cells = list([(index % cols * w, index / cols * h, w, h) for index in range(self.totalCellCount)])
        self.handle = list([
            (0,0), (-hw, 0), (-w, 0),
            (0, -hh), (-hw, -hh), (-w, -hh),
            (0, -h), (-hw, -h), (-w, -h),])

    def draw(self, surface, cellIndex, x, y, handle = 0):
        surface.blit(self.sheet, 
        (x + self.handle[handle][0], y + self.handle[handle][1],
         self.cells[cellIndex][2], self.cells[cellIndex][3]))


s = spritesheet('Number18.png', 58, 6)

CENTER_HANDLE = 6

Index = 0

#mainloop
run = True
while run:

    s.draw(DS, Index % s.totalCellCount, HW, HH, CENTER_HANDLE)
    Index +=1

    #pygame.draw.circle(DS, WHITE, (HW, HW), 20, 10)
    DS.blit(bg,(0,0))

    pygame.display.update()
    CLOCK.tick(FPS)
    DS.fill(BLACK)

s = spritesheet("Number18.png", 58, 6) 行的数字 58, 6 基本上是我在这个 spritesheet 块上计算的行数和列数，但我遇到了诸如“pygame 窗口”之类的问题没有响应”，图像无法加载，我无法移动 pygame 屏幕。

Answer 1

我遇到了一些问题，例如“无响应”的 pygame 窗口，[...]

您要做的第一件事是将事件循环添加到应用程序的主循环中。
pygame.event 从队列中删除待处理的事件消息并将其返回。 至少你应该处理QUIT 事件。设置主循环控制变量的值False：

run = True
while run:
    for event in pygame.event.get():
        if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
            run = False

精灵表中的图块大小不同。将cells 列表限制为工作表中大小相等的某些部分。
请尝试以下操作：

class spritesheet:
    def __init__(self, filename, py, tw, th, tiles):
        self.sheet = pygame.image.load(filename).convert_alpha()

        self.py = py
        self.tw = tw
        self.th = th
        self.totalCellCount = tiles

        self.rect = self.sheet.get_rect()
        w, h = tw, th
        hw, hh = self.cellCenter = (w / 2, h / 2)

        self.cells = [(1+i*tw, self.py, tw-1, th-1) for i in range(tiles)]
        self.handle = list([
            (0,0), (-hw, 0), (-w, 0),
            (0, -hh), (-hw, -hh), (-w, -hh),
            (0, -h), (-hw, -h), (-w, -h),])

s = spritesheet('Number18.png', 1085, 80, 134, 8)

---

[...] 图像未加载 [...]

确保图像位于应用程序的工作目录中。
如果要绘制精灵图的子图，则必须将pygame.Surface.blit 的area 参数（第三个参数）设置为子图的矩形区域：

def draw(self, surface, cellIndex, x, y, handle = 0):
    hdl = self.handle[handle]
    surface.blit(self.sheet, (x + hdl[0], y + hdl[1]), area=self.cells[cellIndex])

---

[...] 我无法移动 [...]

你必须改变精灵的位置。处理KEYDOWN 事件。存储精灵的位置（px，py）。按下K_UP、K_DOWN、K_LEFT 或K_RIGHT 键时更改位置：

run = True
px, py, speed = HW, HH, 10
while run:
    for event in pygame.event.get():
        if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
            run = False
        elif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
            if event.key == pygame.K_UP:
                py -= speed
            elif event.key == pygame.K_DOWN:
                py += speed
            elif event.key == pygame.K_LEFT:
                px -= speed
            elif event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT:
                px += speed

---

最小精灵表示例：

import os
import pygame

class SpriteSheet:
    def __init__(self, filename, px, py, tw, th, m, tiles, color_key = None):
        self.sheet = pygame.image.load(filename)
        if color_key:
            self.sheet = self.sheet.convert()
            self.sheet.set_colorkey(color_key)
        else:
            self.sheet = self.sheet.convert_alpha()
        self.cells = [(px + tw * i, py, tw-m, th) for i in range(tiles)]
        self.index = 0

    def update(self):
        self.tile_rect = self.cells[self.index % len(self.cells)]
        self.index += 1

    def draw(self, surface, x, y):
        rect = pygame.Rect(self.tile_rect)
        rect.center = (x, y) 
        surface.blit(self.sheet, rect, self.tile_rect)

pygame.init()
window = pygame.display.set_mode((400, 300))
clock = pygame.time.Clock()

sprite_sheet = SpriteSheet('awesomepossum sheet.bmp', 18, 580, 64, 66, 0, 6, (0, 128, 0))

run = True
while run:
    clock.tick(10)
    for event in pygame.event.get():
        if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
            run = False

    sprite_sheet.update()

    window.fill(0)
    sprite_sheet.draw(window, *window.get_rect().center)
    pygame.display.update()
    
pygame.quit()
exit()

Sprite 表单OpenGameArt.org: