如何将变量从函数传递到 Python 中的主代码答案

【问题标题】：How to pass a variable from a function into the main code in Python如何将变量从函数传递到 Python 中的主代码
【发布时间】：2020-03-08 21:59:43
【问题描述】：

我接到了一项家庭作业，要编写一个 Python 程序，根据每小时工资率和工作小时数计算工人的工资。到目前为止，我已经想出了以下代码...

#Function
def calculatePay(rateHour,nHours):
    if nHours <= 40:
        pay = rateHour * nHours
    elif nHours < 60:
        pay = (rateHour * 40) + ((nHours - 40) * (rateHour * 1.5))
    else:
        pay = (rateHour * 40) + (20 * (rateHour * 1.5)) + ((nHours - 60) * (rateHour * 2.0))
    return pay

#Main Code
pay1 = calculatePay(30, 20)
print('You worked ', nHours, 'hours at a rate of ', ratehour, 'per hour, you will be paid $ ', pay1)
print()
pay2 = calculatePay(15.50, 50)
print('You worked ', nHours, 'hours at a rate of ', ratehour, 'per hour, you will be paid $ ', pay2)
print()
pay3 = calculatePay(11, 70.25)
print('You worked ', nHours, 'hours at a rate of ', ratehour, 'per hour, you will be paid $ ', pay3)
print()

rateHour = int(input('Enter the rate per hour: '))
nHours = int(input('Enter the number of hours worked: '))

pay4 = calculatePay(rateHour,nHours)
print('You worked ', nHours, 'hours at a rate of ', ratehour, 'per hour, you will be paid $ ', pay4)
print()

当我运行它时，我收到以下错误...

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Users\John\Desktop\Python Programming\JohnLissandrello_Homework3.py", line 15, in <module>
    print('You worked ', nHours, 'hours at a rate of ', ratehour, 'per hour, you will be paid $ ', pay1)
NameError: name 'nHours' is not defined

我相信这是因为我试图在我的主代码中使用局部变量 rateHour 和 nHours。

如何将这两个变量从我的函数传递到主代码中，以便我可以输出 rateHour 和 nHours 以及计算出的工资？

【问题讨论】：

标签： python function variables

【解决方案1】：

您已经将这些值传递给函数，即您将它们放在函数之外。问题是：他们没有名字。

建议：

#Main Code
ratehour = 30
nHours = 20
pay1 = calculatePay(ratehour, nHours)
print('You worked ', nHours, 'hours at a rate of ', ratehour, 'per hour, you will be paid $ ', pay1)
print()

如果您查看您的代码，您会发现很多重复的行。您可以再次将其放入方法中：

def printPay(ratehour, nHours):
    pay = calculatePay(ratehour,nHours)
    print('You worked ', nHours, 'hours at a rate of ', ratehour, 'per hour, you will be paid $ ', pay)
    print()

然后循环执行：

for rate, hours in  [(30,20), (15.5,50), (11,70.25)]:
    printPay(rate, hours)

【讨论】：

【解决方案2】：

@Thomas 找到了答案，但还有几个问题：

第 21 行和第 22 行您调用了 int，但第 14 行和第 17 行看起来像是您想使用浮点数。

第 25 行有 ratehour，但 21 和 24 有 rateHour - Python 对大小写非常挑剔

【讨论】：