如何根据其他选择的选择框选项隐藏/显示选择框？

Question

我是 javascript 的新手，我真的很感激任何关于如何做到这一点的想法......

我有一个选择框。根据我选择的选项，应该是“不可见”的其他选择框其中之一变得可见。

我不想用jquery，因为我还是个js新手。

对不起我的英语：P

我会放一些代码来举例：

<select id="tipos_evento">
        <option value="">choose an option to see the corresponding select box</option>
         <option value="tipoe01">option_one</option>
         <option value="tipoe02">option_two</option>
         <option value="tipoe03">ssss</option>
         <option value="tipoe04">ddd</option>
</select>

<select id="option_one">
        <option value="">ss</option>
         <option value="c">Cffs</option>
         <option value="d">s</option>
         <option value="tipoe03">ssss</option>
         <option value="tipoe04">ddd</option>
</select>

    <select id="option_two">
        <option value="">ss</option>
         <option value="c">Cffs</option>
         <option value="d">s</option>
         <option value="tipoe03">ssss</option>
         <option value="tipoe04">ddd</option>
</select>

但我认为我面临的挑战是展示我选择的一个并隐藏其他的...... 谢谢你的回复

我一直在尝试解决 Justin Johnson 函数，但它不适用于 Internet Explorer 7 和 8。

我会将代码发布给任何可以帮助我的人。 我已经更改了 style.display = "none"; forstyle.cssText='display: none'; but 仅在页面加载时有效。现在，当我更改选择框时，什么也没有发生。

这是代码（它很大，当它工作时我会用循环优化它）：

var attachEvento = function(node, event, listener, useCapture) {
  // Method for FF, Opera, Chrome, Safari
  if (window.addEventListener ) {
    node.addEventListener(event, listener, useCapture || false);
  }
  // IE has its own method
  else {
    node.attachEvent('on'+event, listener);
  }
};


// Once the window loads and the DOM is ready, attach the event to the main
attachEvento(window, "load", function() {
  var main_select = document.getElementById("tipos_evento");

   var option1 = document.getElementById("temas_conferencias"),
         option2 = document.getElementById("temas_cursos"),
         option3 = document.getElementById("temas_provas"),
         option4 = document.getElementById("temas_visitas"),
         option5 = document.getElementById("temas_ciencias"),
         option6 = document.getElementById("temas_dancas"),
         option7 = document.getElementById("temas_exposicoes"),
         option8 = document.getElementById("temas_multi"),
         option9 = document.getElementById("temas_musica"),
         option10 = document.getElementById("temas_teatro"),
         option11 = document.getElementById("temas_cultura"),
         option12 = document.getElementById("temas_desporto"),
         option13 = document.getElementById("temas_todos");


       option1.style.cssText='display: none';
       option2.style.cssText='display: none';
       option3.style.cssText='display: none';
       option4.style.cssText='display: none';
       option5.style.cssText='display: none';
       option6.style.cssText='display: none';
       option7.style.cssText='display: none';
       option8.style.cssText='display: none';
       option9.style.cssText='display: none';
       option10.style.cssText='display: none';
       option11.style.cssText='display: none';
       option12.style.cssText='display: none';
       option13.style.cssText='display: block';

  var selectHandler = function() {

     // Show and hide the appropriate select's
     switch(this.value) {
       case "8":
       // Conferências / colóquios
       option1.style.display = "";
       option2.style.display = "none";
       option3.style.display = "none";
       option4.style.display = "none";
       option5.style.display = "none";
       option6.style.display = "none";
       option7.style.display = "none";
       option8.style.display = "none";
       option9.style.display = "none";
       option10.style.display = "none";
       option11.style.display = "none";
       option12.style.display = "none";
       option13.style.display = "none";
       break;
       case "10":
       // Cursos/workshops
       option1.style.cssText='display: none';
       option2.style.cssText='display: block';
       option3.style.cssText='display: none';
       option4.style.cssText='display: none';
       option5.style.cssText='display: none';
       option6.style.cssText='display: none';
       option7.style.cssText='display: none';
       option8.style.cssText='display: none';
       option9.style.cssText='display: none';
       option10.style.cssText='display: none';
       option11.style.cssText='display: none';
       option12.style.cssText='display: none';
       option13.style.cssText='display: none';
       break;
       case "7":
       // provas
       option1.style.cssText='display: none';
       option2.style.cssText='display: none';
       option3.style.cssText='display: block';
       option4.style.cssText='display: none';
       option5.style.cssText='display: none';
       option6.style.cssText='display: none';
       option7.style.cssText='display: none';
       option8.style.cssText='display: none';
       option9.style.cssText='display: none';
       option10.style.cssText='display: none';
       option11.style.cssText='display: none';
       option12.style.cssText='display: none';
       option13.style.cssText='display: none';
       break;
       case "9":
       // visitas/observações
       option1.style.cssText='display: none';
       option2.style.cssText='display: none';
       option3.style.cssText='display: none';
       option4.style.cssText='display: block';
        option5.style.cssText='display: none';
       option6.style.cssText='display: none';
       option7.style.cssText='display: none';
       option8.style.cssText='display: none';
       option9.style.cssText='display: none';
       option10.style.cssText='display: none';
       option11.style.cssText='display: none';
       option12.style.cssText='display: none';
       option13.style.cssText='display: none';
       break;
       case "12":
       // ciencia
       option1.style.cssText='display: none';
       option2.style.cssText='display: none';
       option3.style.cssText='display: none';
       option4.style.cssText='display: none';
       option5.style.cssText='display: block';
       option6.style.cssText='display: none';
       option7.style.cssText='display: none';
       option8.style.cssText='display: none';
       option9.style.cssText='display: none';
       option10.style.cssText='display: none';
       option11.style.cssText='display: none';
       option12.style.cssText='display: none';
       option13.style.cssText='display: none';
       break;
       case "2":
       // danças
       option1.style.cssText='display: none';
       option2.style.cssText='display: none';
       option3.style.cssText='display: none';
       option4.style.cssText='display: none';
       option5.style.cssText='display: none';
       option6.style.cssText='display: block';
       option7.style.cssText='display: none';
       option8.style.cssText='display: none';
       option9.style.cssText='display: none';
       option10.style.cssText='display: none';
       option11.style.cssText='display: none';
       option12.style.cssText='display: none';
       option13.style.cssText='display: none';
       break;
       case "1":
       // exposiçoes
       option1.style.cssText='display: none';
       option2.style.cssText='display: none';
       option3.style.cssText='display: none';
       option4.style.cssText='display: none';
       option5.style.cssText='display: none';
       option6.style.cssText='display: none';
       option7.style.cssText='display: block';
       option8.style.cssText='display: none';
       option9.style.cssText='display: none';
       option10.style.cssText='display: none';
       option11.style.cssText='display: none';
       option12.style.cssText='display: none';
       option13.style.cssText='display: none';
       break;
       case "3":
       // multi
       option1.style.cssText='display: none';
       option2.style.cssText='display: none';
       option3.style.cssText='display: none';
       option4.style.cssText='display: none';
       option5.style.cssText='display: none';
       option6.style.cssText='display: none';
       option7.style.cssText='display: none';
       option8.style.cssText='display: block';
       option9.style.cssText='display: none';
       option10.style.cssText='display: none';
       option11.style.cssText='display: none';
       option12.style.cssText='display: none';
       option13.style.cssText='display: none';
       break;
       case "4":
       // musica
       option1.style.cssText='display: none';
       option2.style.cssText='display: none';
       option3.style.cssText='display: none';
       option4.style.cssText='display: none';
       option5.style.cssText='display: none';
       option6.style.cssText='display: none';
       option7.style.cssText='display: none';
       option8.style.cssText='display: none';
       option9.style.cssText='display: block';
       option10.style.cssText='display: none';
       option11.style.cssText='display: none';
       option12.style.cssText='display: none';
       option13.style.cssText='display: none';
       break;
       case "5":
       // teatro
       option1.style.cssText='display: none';
       option2.style.cssText='display: none';
       option3.style.cssText='display: none';
       option4.style.cssText='display: none';
       option5.style.cssText='display: none';
       option6.style.cssText='display: none';
       option7.style.cssText='display: none';
       option8.style.cssText='display: none';
       option9.style.cssText='display: none';
       option10.style.cssText='display: block';
       option11.style.cssText='display: none';
       option12.style.cssText='display: none';
       option13.style.cssText='display: none';
       break;
       case "6":
       // Cultura(outros)
       option1.style.cssText='display: none';
       option2.style.cssText='display: none';
       option3.style.cssText='display: none';
       option4.style.cssText='display: none';
       option5.style.cssText='display: none';
       option6.style.cssText='display: none';
       option7.style.cssText='display: none';
       option8.style.cssText='display: none';
       option9.style.cssText='display: none';
       option10.style.cssText='display: none';
       option11.style.cssText='display: block';
       option12.style.cssText='display: none';
       option13.style.cssText='display: none';
       break;
       case "48":
       // Desporto
       option1.style.cssText='display: none';
       option12.style.cssText='display: block';
        option2.style.cssText='display: none';
       option3.style.cssText='display: none';
       option4.style.cssText='display: none';
        option5.style.cssText='display: none';
       option6.style.cssText='display: none';
       option7.style.cssText='display: none';
       option8.style.cssText='display: none';
       option9.style.cssText='display: none';
       option10.style.cssText='display: none';
       option11.style.cssText='display: none';
       option13.style.cssText='display: none';
       break;
       default:
       // Hide all
       option1.style.cssText='display: none';
       option2.style.cssText='display: none';
       option3.style.cssText='display: none';
       option4.style.cssText='display: none';
        option5.style.cssText='display: none';
       option6.style.cssText='display: none';
       option7.style.cssText='display: none';
       option8.style.cssText='display: none';
       option9.style.cssText='display: none';
       option10.style.cssText='display: none';
       option11.style.cssText='display: none';
       option13.style.cssText='display: block';
     }
  };

  // Use the onchange and onkeypress events to detect when the
  // value of main_select has changed
  attachEvento(main_select, "change", selectHandler);
  attachEvento(main_select, "keypress", selectHandler);
});

Answer 1

我通常使用 mootools，但这应该是通用的。不过，我不能谈论跨浏览器的问题。

<select id='main_select' onchange='show_select()'>
  <option>1</option>
  <option>2</option>
</select>
<select id='select_1' style='display:none'></select>
<select id='select_2' style='display:none'></select>

function show_select()
{
  var main_select = document.getElementById("main_select");
  var select_1 = document.getElementById("select_1");
  var select_2 = document.getElementById("select_2");

  var desired_box = main_select.options[main_select.selectedIndex].value;
  if(desired_box == 1) {
    select_1.style.display = '';
    select_2.style.display = 'none';
  } else {
    select_2.style.display = '';
    select_1.style.display = 'none';
  }
}

Answer 2

您可以处理更改事件：

document.getElementById('selectBox').onchange = function () {
  var selectedValue = this.options[this.selectedIndex].value; // get the selected value

  // Depending on the value selected you can show or hide other elements:

  if (selectedValue == "1") { 
    document.getElementById('element1').style.display = 'none';  // hide element1
    document.getElementById('element2').style.display = ''; // show element2
  }
};

注意：在您的编辑中，最后两个选择框的 ID 属性有无效字符。

ID 和 NAME 令牌必须以 字母 ([A-Za-z]) 并且可以跟随 由任意数量的字母、数字 ([0-9])、连字符 ("-")、下划线 ("_")、冒号 (":") 和句点 (".") 组成。

更多信息here。

Answer 3

jQuery 让事情变得更简单，没有理由不使用它。

但无论哪种方式，您都需要使用 onChange 事件来读取选择了哪些选项，然后在要显示和隐藏的其他框上设置 css 可见属性。

<select name="sbox" onChange="event()">
<option value="option 1">option 1</option>
<option value="option 2">option 2</option>
</select>

然后，

function event() {
  switch (sbox.selectedindex) {
    case 0:
      someOtherSelect.style.visiblity = 'visible';
    ...
  }
}

此示例假定您已经在 onload 事件中设置了带有 sbox 和 someOtherSelect 的变量。

Answer 4

这里有一些快速而肮脏的东西，使用适当的事件附加方法（但未经测试）：

var attachEvent = function(node, event, listener, useCapture) {
  // Method for FF, Opera, Chrome, Safari
  if ( window.addEventListener ) {
    node.addEventListener(event, listener, useCapture || false);
  }
  // IE has its own method
  else {
    node.attachEvent('on'+event, listener);
  }
};

// Once the window loads and the DOM is ready, attach the event to the main
attachEvent(window, "load", function() {
  var main_select = document.getElementById("tipos_evento");

  var selectHandler = function() {
     var option1 = document.getElementById("option_one"),
         option2 = document.getElementById("option_two");

     // Show and hide the appropriate select's
     if ( this.value == "tipoe1" ) {
       // Show option1, hide option2
       option1.style.display = "";
       option2.style.display = "none";
     } else if ( this.value == "tipoe2" ) {
       // Hide option1, show option2
       option1.style.display = "none";
       option2.style.display = "";
     } else {
       // Hide both
       option1.style.display = "none";
       option2.style.display = "none";
     }
  };

  // Use the onchange and onkeypress events to detect when the 
  // value of main_select has changed
  attachEvent(main_select, "change", selectHandler);
  attachEvent(main_select, "keypress", selectHandler);
});

有关您为什么需要onchange 和onkeypress 的解释，请参阅this question。

查看addEventListener 和attachEvent 方法以获取有关浏览器特定事件处理及其差异的更多信息。

感谢您不想使用 jquery，这样您就可以真正学习该语言。