Python：在列表中查找最长/最短的单词并在函数中调用它们答案

【问题标题】：Python: Finding Longest/Shortest Words In a List and Calling Them in a FunctionPython：在列表中查找最长/最短的单词并在函数中调用它们
【发布时间】：2014-10-01 01:30:13
【问题描述】：

我有一个单词列表： words=["alpha","omega","up","down","over","under","purple","red","blue","green"] 我有两个函数可以在这个列表中找到最短和最长的单词：

def bigWords(list=[], *args):
    largestWord=""
    largestLen=0
    for word in list:
        if largestWord<len(word):
            largestWord=len(word)
            largestWord=word
    print "The longest word(s) in the list is %s." % largestWord

def smallWords(list=[], *args):
    smallestWord=""
    smallestLen=0
    for word in list:
        if smallestLen>len(word):
            smallestLen>len(word)
            smallestWord=word
    print "The shortest word(s) in the list is: %s." % (smallestWord)

我有这些函数嵌套，所以我可以一次调用它们：

def callFunctions():
###Words###
    words=["alpha","omega","up","down","over","under","purple","red","blue","green"]

    wordLength=lenList(words)
    print "The amount of words[] is %d" % wordLength
    func_list2 = [bigWords, smallWords]
    for f in func_list2:
        map(f, words)

callFunctions()

这只是返回这个而不输入列表中的单词：

The longest word(s) in the list is .
The longest word(s) in the list is .
The longest word(s) in the list is .
The longest word(s) in the list is .
The longest word(s) in the list is .
The longest word(s) in the list is .
The longest word(s) in the list is .
The longest word(s) in the list is .
The longest word(s) in the list is .
The longest word(s) in the list is .
The shortest word(s) in the list is: .
The shortest word(s) in the list is: .
The shortest word(s) in the list is: .
The shortest word(s) in the list is: .
The shortest word(s) in the list is: .
The shortest word(s) in the list is: .
The shortest word(s) in the list is: .
The shortest word(s) in the list is: .
The shortest word(s) in the list is: .
The shortest word(s) in the list is: .

不知道为什么，感谢任何帮助。

【问题讨论】：

标签： python function loops for-loop maps

【解决方案1】：

如果你愿意，还有更简单的方法来解决这个问题：

words=["alpha","omega","up","down","over","under","purple","red","blue","green"]
sortedwords = sorted(words, key=len)
print "The number of words in the list is: %s." % (len(words),)
print "The shortest word in the list is: %s." % (sortedwords[0],)
print "The longest word in the list is: %s." % (sortedwords[-1],)

这会产生：

The number of words in the list is: 10.
The shortest word in the list is: up.
The longest word in the list is: purple.

【讨论】：

【解决方案2】：

只需使用以 key 为长度的 max 和 min 函数

y = []
for names in range(4):
   name = raw_input('Enter:')
   y += name,
s = max(y, key=len)
r = min(y, key=len)

【讨论】：

【解决方案3】：

你是如此接近 - 但我认为问题出在callFunctions()。您将 func_list2 中的函数映射到 words 数组中的每个 string，而不是将函数应用到 整个数组。使用 map 是个好主意，这是一个强大的功能，但您不需要在这里使用它。这是我用simple online interpreter 测试的代码。尝试一下。祝你所学/正在做的项目一切顺利！

def bigWords(list=[], *args):
    largestWord=""
    for word in list:       
        if len(largestWord)<len(word):
            largestWord= word
    print "The longest word(s) in the list is %s." % largestWord
    return largestWord

def smallWords(list=[], *args):
    smallestWord = bigWords(list)
    for word in list:
        if len(smallestWord)> len(word):
            smallestWord = word
    print "The shortest word(s) in the list is: %s." % (smallestWord)


def callFunctions():
###Words###
    words=["alpha","omega","up","down","over","under","purple","red","blue","green"]

    wordLength=len(words)
    print "The amount of words[] is %d" % wordLength
    func_list2 = [bigWords, smallWords]
    for f in func_list2:
        f(words)

callFunctions()

【讨论】：

【解决方案4】：

首先，函数bigWords的代码有错误。你应该比较长度而不是单词如下

def bigWords(list=[], *args):
    largestWord=""
    largestLen=0
    for word in list:
        if largestLen<len(word):
            largestLen=len(word)
            largestWord=word
    print "The longest word(s) in the list is %s." % largestWord

其次，要使用这两个函数，您需要为单词列表而不是每个单词调用它们：

def callFunctions():
###Words###
    words=["alpha","omega","up","down","over","under","purple","red","blue","green"]

   wordLength=lenList(words)
   print "The amount of words[] is %d" % wordLength
   func_list2 = [bigWords, smallWords]
   for f in func_list2:
       f(words)

callFunctions()

【讨论】：

我将如何找到最小的单词？我的输出一直给我“e”作为最小的单词。
@Shayd3 你在那个函数中也有一个错误。用 minimumLen=len(word) 替换 if 块中的第一行。

【解决方案5】：

试试这个简单的解决方案：

def find_longest_and_shortest_word(list_of_words):
    longest_word = list_of_words[0]
    shortest_word = list_of_words[0]
    for word in list_of_words:
        if len(longest_word) < len(word):
            longest_word = word
        if len(shortest_word) > len(word):
            shortest_word = word
    print(f'The longest word is: {longest_word}')
    print(f'The shortest word is: {shortest_word}')
    return longest_word, shortest_word

【讨论】：

【解决方案6】：

您可以使用sorted() 函数对列表进行排序，该函数允许您按其中字符串的长度对列表进行排序。为此，您需要添加key=len，因此该函数将按长度排序，而不是按字母顺序排序.你还需要给函数 reverse=true 所以访问最长的字符串会更容易（它将在列表的[0]中）

def longest(my_list): my_list = sorted(my_list, key=len, reverse=True) return my_list[0] list1 = ['aaa', 'bbbb', 'cccccc', 'd'] print(longest(list1))

【讨论】：

【解决方案7】：

def longestWord(words):
longest=''
for num in range(len(words)):
    if len(longest)<len(words[num]):
        longest=words[num]
print ('longest word is {}'.format(longest))

尝试调用 :longestWord(['longerthanlongest','long','longer','longest'])

可以做同样的事情来找到最小的。

【讨论】：

嘿，哈里什！在回答您的下一个问题之前，请阅读writing an answer！享受您在 SO 的住宿:)

【解决方案8】：

words = ["alpha","omega","up","down","over","under","purple","red","blue","green"]

#GET LONGEST WORD
max(words, key=len)
>>> 'purple'

#GET SHORTEST WORD
min(words, key=len)
>>> 'up'

【讨论】：