在 Python 中使用 scrapy 时出错

Question

我一直在尝试运行 scrapy 来抓取网站，每次尝试运行时都会遇到一些问题。当我在命令行上运行时

scrapy crawl [FILE]

我得到一堆以

开头的错误

Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\Users\lib\site-packages\boto\utils.py", line 210, in     r
etry_url
r = opener.open(req, timeout=timeout)
File "C:\Users\lib\urllib2.py", line 431, in open
  response = self._open(req, data)
File "C:\Users\lib\urllib2.py", line 449, in _open
  '_open', req)
File "C:\Users\lib\urllib2.py", line 409, in _call_chain
  result = func(*args)
File "C:\Users\lib\urllib2.py", line 1227, in http_open
   return self.do_open(httplib.HTTPConnection, req)
File "C:\Users\lib\urllib2.py", line 1197, in do_open
  raise URLError(err)
URLError: <urlopen error timed out>
2015-08-06 14:50:49 [boto] ERROR: Unable to read instance data, giving up

究竟是什么阻止了我运行 Scrapy？

编辑 我环顾了一下stackoverflow并稍微更改了我的设置，这似乎摆脱了一个错误，但这些错误仍然存​​在。 我尝试运行scrapy shell，它也给了我错误，我认为这与我目前收到的错误有关。

2015-08-08 15:08:27 [scrapy] INFO: Scrapy 1.0.1 started (bot: scrapybot)
2015-08-08 15:08:27 [scrapy] INFO: Optional features available: ssl, http11, bot
o
2015-08-08 15:08:27 [scrapy] INFO: Overridden settings:     {'LOGSTATS_INTERVAL': 0}

2015-08-08 15:08:27 [scrapy] INFO: Enabled extensions: CloseSpider,       TelnetConsol
e, CoreStats, SpiderState
2015-08-08 15:08:28 [boto] DEBUG: Retrieving credentials from metadata server.
2015-08-08 15:08:29 [boto] ERROR: Caught exception reading instance data
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\Users\lib\site-packages\boto\utils.py", line 210, in     retry_url
    r = opener.open(req, timeout=timeout)
File "C:\Users\lib\urllib2.py", line 431, in open
    response = self._open(req, data)
File "C:\Users\lib\urllib2.py", line 449, in _open
'_open', req)
File "C:\Users\lib\urllib2.py", line 409, in _call_chain
  result = func(*args)
File "C:\Users\lib\urllib2.py", line 1227, in http_open
  return self.do_open(httplib.HTTPConnection, req)
File "C:\Users\lib\urllib2.py", line 1197, in do_open
  raise URLError(err)
URLError: <urlopen error timed out>
2015-08-08 15:08:29 [boto] ERROR: Unable to read instance data, giving up
2015-08-08 15:08:29 [scrapy] INFO: Enabled downloader middlewares:     HttpAuthMiddleware, DownloadTimeoutMiddleware, UserAgentMiddleware,   RetryMiddleware, DefaultHeadersMiddleware, MetaRefreshMiddleware, HttpCompressionMiddleware, RedirectMiddleware, CookiesMiddleware, ChunkedTransferMiddleware, DownloaderStats
2015-08-08 15:08:29 [scrapy] INFO: Enabled spider middlewares: HttpErrorMiddleware, OffsiteMiddleware, RefererMiddleware, UrlLengthMiddleware, DepthMiddleware
2015-08-08 15:08:29 [scrapy] INFO: Enabled item pipelines:
2015-08-08 15:08:29 [scrapy] DEBUG: Telnet console listening on 127.0.0.1:6023

Answer 1

尝试通过将以下行添加到文件 ~/your_project/settings.py 来禁用 S3 处理程序：

DOWNLOAD_HANDLERS = {'s3': None}

Answer 2

您的程序似乎由于来自同一站点的页面的频繁请求过多而超时。尝试设置下载页面之间的延迟。

查看Scrapy documentation for download delay。

Answer 3

这可能是由于python使用了系统集代理。要禁用它，您可以进行以下更改：

导入操作系统

os.environ['http_proxy']=''