HTTP 500 - 无法为连接 URL 'null' 创建类 '' 的 JDBC 驱动程序

【问题标题】：HTTP 500 - Cannot create JDBC driver of class '' for connect URL 'null'HTTP 500 - 无法为连接 URL 'null' 创建类 '' 的 JDBC 驱动程序
【发布时间】：2014-01-09 21:32:40
【问题描述】：

我在阅读论坛 3 天以来一直在寻找解决该问题的方法……然后我决定寻求一些帮助。不用说，您的帮助将不胜感激:-)

我在 Eclipse 的 Tomcat context.xml 实例中为 mysql connexion 创建了一个 jndi 资源 当我从 Eclipse 启动服务器时，我的 Web 应用程序运行良好。当我从具有该目标的 Eclipse '运行配置' 启动 Web 应用程序时，它不能正常工作：清洁 tomcat7：运行。我的目标是将构建、部署、启动服务器从 Eclipse 委托给 Maven。

我已将 mysql-connector-java-5.1.27.jar 放在 Tomcat_Home/lib 中。

我不想将数据源配置放在应用程序中（没有 META-INF....），因为 jndi 的一个目标是将数据源信息放在应用程序之外。

感谢您阅读并花时间寻找解决方案。

技术规格

  • 日食：juno release2
  • 弹簧工具套件：3.4
  • wtp
  • 平方米：1.4
  • maven : 3.0.2
  • jdk : 1.6.21

  • tomcat：7.0.25

    mysql : 5.6.14

堆栈跟踪

type Exception report

message Request processing failed; nested exception is org.springframework.jdbc.CannotGetJdbcConnectionException: Could not get JDBC Connection; nested exception is org.apache.tomcat.dbcp.dbcp.SQLNestedException: Cannot create JDBC driver of class '' for connect URL 'null'

description The server encountered an internal error that prevented it from fulfilling this request.

exception 

org.springframework.web.util.NestedServletException: Request processing failed; nested exception is org.springframework.jdbc.CannotGetJdbcConnectionException: Could not get JDBC Connection; nested exception is org.apache.tomcat.dbcp.dbcp.SQLNestedException: Cannot create JDBC driver of class '' for connect URL 'null'
    org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.processRequest(FrameworkServlet.java:927)
    org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.doGet(FrameworkServlet.java:811)
    javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:621)
    org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.service(FrameworkServlet.java:796)
    javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:728)


root cause 

org.springframework.jdbc.CannotGetJdbcConnectionException: Could not get JDBC Connection; nested exception is org.apache.tomcat.dbcp.dbcp.SQLNestedException: Cannot create JDBC driver of class '' for connect URL 'null'
    org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceUtils.getConnection(DataSourceUtils.java:80)
    org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate.execute(JdbcTemplate.java:573)
    org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate.query(JdbcTemplate.java:637)
    org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate.query(JdbcTemplate.java:662)
    org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate.query(JdbcTemplate.java:702)
    org.springframework.jdbc.core.namedparam.NamedParameterJdbcTemplate.queryForObject(NamedParameterJdbcTemplate.java:178)
    com.marc.springmvc3.dao.PersonDAO.getPersonById(PersonDAO.java:26)
    com.marc.springmvc3.service.PersonService.getAllPersons(PersonService.java:18)
    com.marc.springmvc3.mvc.PersonController.getListOfPerson(PersonController.java:33)
    sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)
    sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)
    java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597)
    org.springframework.web.method.support.InvocableHandlerMethod.invoke(InvocableHandlerMethod.java:219)
    org.springframework.web.method.support.InvocableHandlerMethod.invokeForRequest(InvocableHandlerMethod.java:132)
    org.springframework.web.method.annotation.ModelFactory.invokeModelAttributeMethods(ModelFactory.java:123)
    org.springframework.web.method.annotation.ModelFactory.initModel(ModelFactory.java:97)
    org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.invokeHandleMethod(RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.java:723)
    org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.handleInternal(RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.java:687)
    org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.AbstractHandlerMethodAdapter.handle(AbstractHandlerMethodAdapter.java:80)
    org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doDispatch(DispatcherServlet.java:925)
    org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doService(DispatcherServlet.java:856)
    org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.processRequest(FrameworkServlet.java:915)
    org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.doGet(FrameworkServlet.java:811)
    javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:621)
    org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.service(FrameworkServlet.java:796)
    javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:728)


root cause 

org.apache.tomcat.dbcp.dbcp.SQLNestedException: Cannot create JDBC driver of class '' for connect URL 'null'
    org.apache.tomcat.dbcp.dbcp.BasicDataSource.createConnectionFactory(BasicDataSource.java:1452)
    org.apache.tomcat.dbcp.dbcp.BasicDataSource.createDataSource(BasicDataSource.java:1371)
    org.apache.tomcat.dbcp.dbcp.BasicDataSource.getConnection(BasicDataSource.java:1044)
    org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceUtils.doGetConnection(DataSourceUtils.java:111)
    org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceUtils.getConnection(DataSourceUtils.java:77)
    org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate.execute(JdbcTemplate.java:573)
    org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate.query(JdbcTemplate.java:637)
    org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate.query(JdbcTemplate.java:662)
    org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate.query(JdbcTemplate.java:702)
    org.springframework.jdbc.core.namedparam.NamedParameterJdbcTemplate.queryForObject(NamedParameterJdbcTemplate.java:178)
    com.marc.springmvc3.dao.PersonDAO.getPersonById(PersonDAO.java:26)
    com.marc.springmvc3.service.PersonService.getAllPersons(PersonService.java:18)
    com.marc.springmvc3.mvc.PersonController.getListOfPerson(PersonController.java:33)
    sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)
    sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)
    java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597)
    org.springframework.web.method.support.InvocableHandlerMethod.invoke(InvocableHandlerMethod.java:219)
    org.springframework.web.method.support.InvocableHandlerMethod.invokeForRequest(InvocableHandlerMethod.java:132)
    org.springframework.web.method.annotation.ModelFactory.invokeModelAttributeMethods(ModelFactory.java:123)
    org.springframework.web.method.annotation.ModelFactory.initModel(ModelFactory.java:97)
    org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.invokeHandleMethod(RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.java:723)
    org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.handleInternal(RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.java:687)
    org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.AbstractHandlerMethodAdapter.handle(AbstractHandlerMethodAdapter.java:80)
    org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doDispatch(DispatcherServlet.java:925)
    org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doService(DispatcherServlet.java:856)
    org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.processRequest(FrameworkServlet.java:915)
    org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.doGet(FrameworkServlet.java:811)
    javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:621)
    org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.service(FrameworkServlet.java:796)
    javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:728)


root cause 

java.lang.NullPointerException
    sun.jdbc.odbc.JdbcOdbcDriver.getProtocol(JdbcOdbcDriver.java:507)
    sun.jdbc.odbc.JdbcOdbcDriver.knownURL(JdbcOdbcDriver.java:476)
    sun.jdbc.odbc.JdbcOdbcDriver.acceptsURL(JdbcOdbcDriver.java:307)
    java.sql.DriverManager.getDriver(DriverManager.java:253)
    org.apache.tomcat.dbcp.dbcp.BasicDataSource.createConnectionFactory(BasicDataSource.java:1437)
    org.apache.tomcat.dbcp.dbcp.BasicDataSource.createDataSource(BasicDataSource.java:1371)
    org.apache.tomcat.dbcp.dbcp.BasicDataSource.getConnection(BasicDataSource.java:1044)
    org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceUtils.doGetConnection(DataSourceUtils.java:111)
    org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceUtils.getConnection(DataSourceUtils.java:77)
    org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate.execute(JdbcTemplate.java:573)
    org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate.query(JdbcTemplate.java:637)
    org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate.query(JdbcTemplate.java:662)
    org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate.query(JdbcTemplate.java:702)
    org.springframework.jdbc.core.namedparam.NamedParameterJdbcTemplate.queryForObject(NamedParameterJdbcTemplate.java:178)
    com.marc.springmvc3.dao.PersonDAO.getPersonById(PersonDAO.java:26)
    com.marc.springmvc3.service.PersonService.getAllPersons(PersonService.java:18)
    com.marc.springmvc3.mvc.PersonController.getListOfPerson(PersonController.java:33)
    sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)
    sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)
    java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597)
    org.springframework.web.method.support.InvocableHandlerMethod.invoke(InvocableHandlerMethod.java:219)
    org.springframework.web.method.support.InvocableHandlerMethod.invokeForRequest(InvocableHandlerMethod.java:132)
    org.springframework.web.method.annotation.ModelFactory.invokeModelAttributeMethods(ModelFactory.java:123)
    org.springframework.web.method.annotation.ModelFactory.initModel(ModelFactory.java:97)
    org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.invokeHandleMethod(RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.java:723)
    org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.handleInternal(RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.java:687)
    org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.AbstractHandlerMethodAdapter.handle(AbstractHandlerMethodAdapter.java:80)
    org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doDispatch(DispatcherServlet.java:925)
    org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doService(DispatcherServlet.java:856)
    org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.processRequest(FrameworkServlet.java:915)
    org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.doGet(FrameworkServlet.java:811)
    javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:621)
    org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.service(FrameworkServlet.java:796)
    javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:728)


note The full stack trace of the root cause is available in the Apache Tomcat/7.0.47 logs.

pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" 
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 
                    http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">

<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.marc</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-mvc-3</artifactId>
<name>spring-mvc-3</name>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<version>1.0.0-BUILD-SNAPSHOT</version>

<properties>
    <java-version>1.6</java-version>
    <org.springframework-version>3.2.0.RELEASE</org.springframework-version>
    <org.aspectj-version>1.6.10</org.aspectj-version>
    <org.slf4j-version>1.6.1</org.slf4j-version>
</properties>

<dependencies>
    <!-- Spring -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
        <version>${org.springframework-version}</version>
        <exclusions>
            <!-- Exclude Commons Logging in favor of SLF4j -->
            <exclusion>
                <groupId>commons-logging</groupId>
                <artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId>
             </exclusion>
        </exclusions>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
        <version>${org.springframework-version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- AspectJ -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
        <artifactId>aspectjrt</artifactId>
        <version>${org.aspectj-version}</version>
    </dependency>   

    <!-- Logging -->

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
        <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
        <version>${org.slf4j-version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
        <artifactId>jcl-over-slf4j</artifactId>
        <version>${org.slf4j-version}</version>
        <scope>runtime</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
        <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
        <version>${org.slf4j-version}</version>
        <scope>runtime</scope>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>log4j</groupId>
        <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
        <version>1.2.16</version>
        <scope>runtime</scope>
    </dependency>

    <!-- @Inject -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>javax.inject</groupId>
        <artifactId>javax.inject</artifactId>
        <version>1</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- JSR 303 with Hibernate Validator -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>javax.validation</groupId>
        <artifactId>validation-api</artifactId>
        <version>1.0.0.GA</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
        <artifactId>hibernate-validator</artifactId>
        <version>4.1.0.Final</version>
    </dependency>

    <!--  MYSQL driver-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>mysql</groupId>
        <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
        <version>5.1.27</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- JDBC -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
        <version>${org.springframework-version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>commons-dbcp</groupId>
        <artifactId>commons-dbcp</artifactId>
        <version>20030825.184428</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- Test -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.mockito</groupId>
        <artifactId>mockito-core</artifactId>
        <version>1.9.5</version>
        <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>junit</groupId>
        <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
        <version>4.10</version>
        <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>


    <dependency>
        <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
        <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
        <version>1.2</version>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

<build>
    <finalName>spring-mvc-3</finalName>
    <plugins>
        <!-- Maven Tomcat Plugin -->
        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId>
            <artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>2.2</version>
            <configuration>
                <url>http://127.0.0.1:8080/manager/text</url>
                <server>TomcatServer</server>
                <path>/${project.build.finalName}</path>
                <port>8080</port>
                <charset>UTF-8</charset>
                <finalName>${project.build.finalName}</finalName>
                <username>ssss</username>
                <password>dddddddddd</password>
            </configuration>
            <dependencies>
                <dependency>
                    <groupId>mysql</groupId>
                    <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
                    <version>5.1.27</version>
                </dependency>
            </dependencies>
        </plugin>

        <!-- Maven compiler plugin -->
        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
            <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>2.3.2</version>                
            <configuration>
                <source>${java-version}</source>
                <target>${java-version}</target>
            </configuration>
        </plugin>
    </plugins>
</build>

Servers/tomcat-config/tomcat-users.xml（在 Eclipse 中）

    <role rolename="admin"/>
  <user username="ssss" password="dddddddddd" roles="admin"/>

web.xml

<web-app id="WebApp_ID" version="2.4"
    xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee" 
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee 
                        http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd">

    <display-name>Spring Web MVC Application</display-name>

    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>mvc-dispatcher</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>

    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>mvc-dispatcher</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

    <!-- database jndi reference -->
    <description>MySQL Test App</description>
    <resource-ref>
        <description>DB Connection</description>
        <res-ref-name>jdbc/TestDB</res-ref-name>
        <res-type>javax.sql.DataSource</res-type>
        <res-auth>Container</res-auth>
    </resource-ref>
</web-app>

mvc-dispatcher-servlet.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:jee="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee"
    xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util"
    xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/util http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-3.0.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee 
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee/spring-jee-3.2.xsd">

    <jee:jndi-lookup id="dataSource"
        jndi-name="jdbc/TestDB"
        expected-type="javax.sql.DataSource"
        resource-ref="true"/>   

    <bean id="personDao" class="com.marc.springmvc3.dao.PersonDAO">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
        </bean>

tomcat context.xml（在 Eclipse 中）

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<Context>

    <!-- Default set of monitored resources -->
    <WatchedResource>WEB-INF/web.xml</WatchedResource>

    <!-- Uncomment this to disable session persistence across Tomcat restarts -->
    <!--
    <Manager pathname="" />
    -->

    <!-- Uncomment this to enable Comet connection tacking (provides events
         on session expiration as well as webapp lifecycle) -->
    <!--
    <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.CometConnectionManagerValve" />
    -->

 <Resource  name="jdbc/TestDB" 
            username="xxx" 
            password="xxxxxxxx" 
            driverClassName="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"
            url="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mytest"
            auth="Container" 
            type="javax.sql.DataSource"
            maxActive="100" 
            maxIdle="30" 
            maxWait="10000"
            initialSize="1"/>


<!--      <ResourceLink name="jdbc/TestDB"
        global="jdbc/TestDB"
        type="javax.sql.DataSource"/> -->
</Context>

【问题讨论】：

  • 你还没有在任何地方定义jdbc/TestDB 是什么，因此你没有数据库驱动程序
  • 是的，context.xml 是错误的，应该包含jdbc/TestDB 的定义。在答案中添加了正确的config.xml。
  • 我在帖子中犯了一个错误。我刚刚更新了 web.xml 和 tomcat context.xml (eclipse)
  • 也考虑支持我的回答，因为我已经做了一些工作来回答你的错误问题:)
  • 很遗憾，我无法支持您的回答。有一条消息说我需要 15 个声望才能投票，我刚刚注册 :-( 对不起。无论如何感谢您的帮助。我更新了 tomcat_home/conf/context.xml。它仍然无法正常工作，但我认为解决方案是从命令行运行 maven 目标...

标签： eclipse spring maven tomcat7 jndi


【解决方案1】：

我认为您的 tomcat 安装没有使用您的context.xml。请创建新的 tomcat，配置 context.xml 和 libs 并直接从系统运行 Tomcat（无需 Eclipse 等）。

问题已更新，以下答案已过时：/

重要的部分是：

Cannot create JDBC driver of class '' for connect URL 'null'

您的驱动程序类是 null，连接 URL 是 null。

应用程序配置需要在服务器上配置资源jdbc/TestDB：

<resource-ref>
    <description>DB Connection</description>
    <res-ref-name>jdbc/TestDB</res-ref-name>
    <res-type>javax.sql.DataSource</res-type>
    <res-auth>Container</res-auth>
</resource-ref>

和

  <jee:jndi-lookup id="dataSource"
    jndi-name="jdbc/TestDB"
    expected-type="javax.sql.DataSource"
    resource-ref="true"/>

但是你的Tomcat配置Servers/tomcat-config/context.xml是错误的。它看起来像 spring 应用程序配置。

<web-app id="WebApp_ID" version="2.4"
    xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee" 
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee 
                        http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd">

 ...

标准 Tomcat context.xml 如下所示：

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
<Context>
<Resource name="jdbc/TestDB" auth="Container" type="javax.sql.DataSource" 
    username="user" password="pass" 
    driverClassName="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" 
    url="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/testDB?characterEncoding=utf8" maxActive="8"/>

 </Context>

【讨论】：

【解决方案2】：

我终于找到了解决方案，我会与遇到同样问题的人分享。

在 src/main/webapp 下创建 META-INF 文件夹作为 WEB-INF 兄弟 将 Tomcat-config/context.xml 文件移动到 META-INF 文件夹。您会在 pom.xml 中看到该文件不会成为 WAR 文件的一部分。

META-INF/context.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<Context>

    <!-- Default set of monitored resources -->
    <WatchedResource>WEB-INF/web.xml</WatchedResource>

 <Resource  name="jdbc/TestDB" 
            username="xxxx" 
            password="xxxxxxxxxx" 
            driverClassName="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"
            url="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/TestDB"
            auth="Container" 
            type="javax.sql.DataSource"
            maxActive="100" 
            maxIdle="30" 
            maxWait="10000"
            initialSize="1"/>
</Context>

修改 pom.xml

<plugin>
            <groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId>
            <artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>2.2</version>
            <configuration>
                <url>http://127.0.0.1:8080/manager/text</url>
                <server>TomcatServer</server> <!-- user + password defined in the Maven/conf/settings.xml-->
                <path>/${project.build.finalName}</path>
                <port>8080</port>
                <charset>UTF-8</charset>
                <finalName>${project.build.finalName}</finalName>
                <contextFile>${project.basedir}/src/main/webapp/META-INF/context.xml</contextFile> <!--The path of the Tomcat context XML file. This is not used for war deployment mode.-->
            </configuration>
            <dependencies>
                <dependency>
                    <groupId>mysql</groupId>
                    <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <!-- driver mysql -->
                    <version>5.1.27</version>
                </dependency>
            </dependencies>
        </plugin>

MAVEN_HOME/conf/settings.xml id 在 pom.xml 中引用。用户名和密码在 tomcat-users.xml 中声明

<server>
    <id>TomcatServer</id>
    <username>xxxxx</username>
    <password>xxxxxxxxx</password>
</server>

Eclipse / Run - 运行配置...

  • 创建新的启动配置
  • 基础目录 ${workspace_loc:/你的项目名称}

  • 目标清理 tomcat7:run

  • 申请

  • 运行

下次您可以单击工具栏中的 Run As... 按钮附近的箭头，然后选择您要运行的配置。停止和重新启动按钮非常有用。

【讨论】：

  • 我认为您可以简化此配置，如果这不是您的要求，请不要使用 JEE 资源 :) Spring 对环境配置、配置文件等有很好的支持。
【解决方案3】：

我正在使用 Eclipse STS 3.9.3、tomcat 8.5 和 Spring Boot 2.0.0.RELEASE

我整个上午都在解决这个问题。 所以，我做了很多事情来解决：

  1. 从我的 pom 中删除 jdbc 依赖。

        <!-- dependency>
       <groupId>org.postgresql</groupId>
       <artifactId>postgresql</artifactId>
       <scope>runtime</scope>
    </dependency-->

  2. 声明资源 TOMCAT_HOME/CONF/server.xml whit factory：

    <GlobalNamingResources>
 ...
   <Resource name="jdbc/postgres_jndi"
              auth="Container"
              type="javax.sql.DataSource"
              driverClassName="org.postgresql.Driver"
              url="jdbc:postgresql://xxx.xxx.xx.xxx:5432/db"
              factory="org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.DataSourceFactory"
              removeAbandonedOnBorrow="true"
              removeAbandonedOnMaintenance="true"
              timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis="10000"
              removeAbandonedTimeout="60"
              logAbandoned="true"
              username="xxx"
              password="xxxxxx"
              maxTotal="20"
              maxIdle="10"
              maxWaitMillis="-1"/>
 ...
</GlobalNamingResources>

    我意识到我正在使用 Eclipse STS。 server.xml 上的 tomcat 资源仅在我将资源声明放入我的服务器项目的“Tomcat v8.5 Server at localhost-config”文件夹中的 server.xml 后才有效。不适用于 server.xml 文件中的 TOMCAT_HOME/conf 文件夹。

  3. 将我的 application.yml 更改为：

    spring:
  datasource:
    platform: postgres
    jndi-name: java:comp/env/jdbc/postgres_jndi
    type: javax.sql.DataSource
    driver-class-name: org.postgresql.Driver
  jpa:
    hibernate:
      ddl-auto: validate
    database-platform: org.hibernate.dialect.PostgreSQL9Dialect
    database: POSTGRESQL
    show-sql: true
    #Method org.postgresql.jdbc.PgConnection.createClob() is not yet implemented.
    properties:
      hibernate:
        temp:
          use_jdbc_metadata_defaults: false

application.properties 如下：

    spring.datasource.platform= postgres
    spring.datasource.jndi-name= java:comp/env/jdbc/postgres_jndi
    spring.datasource.type= javax.sql.DataSource
    spring.datasource.driver-class-name= org.postgresql.Driver
    spring.jpa.hibernate.ddl-auto= validate
    spring.jpa.hibernatedatabase-platform= org.hibernate.dialect.PostgreSQL9Dialect
    spring.jpa.database= POSTGRESQL
    spring.jpa.show-sql= true
    spring.jpa.properties.hibernate.temp.use_jdbc_metadata_defaults=false

  1. 在 src/main/webapp/META-INF/context.xml 中定义一个 context.xml 文件，定义如下：

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<Context path="/myapp">
    <ResourceLink global="jdbc/postgres_jndi" name="jdbc/postgres_jni" type="javax.sql.DataSource"/>
</Context>

  2. 将文件postgresql-42.2.2.jar放到TOMCAT_HOME/lib中

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