Ansible：迭代并包含多个变量文件

Question

我有数百个文件（通过某些应用程序生成），我正在尝试对其进行迭代并将它们包含为变量文件。

请参阅以下文件作为示例。每个文件中都有更多变量，我已经调低了音量以使示例更清晰。

# cat /tmp/abc/dev1.yml
---
app_name: dev1
instance: dev
port: 1234
server: test1
#

# cat /tmp/abc/dev2.yml
---
app_name: dev2
instance: dev
port: 4567
server: test2
#

# cat /tmp/abc/dev3.yml
---
app_name: dev3
instance: dev
port: 2223
server: test3
#

现在，当我在剧本中使用这些任务时，我可以在输出中看到文件 (/tmp/abc/*.yml) 中定义的变量（app_name、实例、端口等）为 ansible_facts。

- action: shell echo "{{ item }}"
  with_fileglob: /tmp/abc/*
  register: res
- include_vars: "{{ item.item }}"
  with_items: res.results
  when: item.changed == True
  register: task1

这是我运行剧本时的输出。

root@vikas027:~# ansible-playbook -v configs.yml
PLAY [dev] **************************************************************

GATHERING FACTS ***************************************************************
ok: [vikas027.test.com]

TASK: [shell echo "{{ item }}"] ***********************************************
changed: [vikas027.test.com] => (item=/tmp/abc/dev3.yml) => {"changed": true, "cmd": "echo \"/tmp/abc/dev3.yml\"", "delta": "0:00:00.004915", "end": "2015-08-31 20:11:57.702623", "item": "/tmp/abc/dev3.yml", "rc": 0, "start": "2015-08-31 20:11:57.697708", "stderr": "", "stdout": "/tmp/abc/dev3.yml", "warnings": []}
changed: [vikas027.test.com] => (item=/tmp/abc/dev2.yml) => {"changed": true, "cmd": "echo \"/tmp/abc/dev2.yml\"", "delta": "0:00:00.004945", "end": "2015-08-31 20:11:58.130295", "item": "/tmp/abc/dev2.yml", "rc": 0, "start": "2015-08-31 20:11:58.125350", "stderr": "", "stdout": "/tmp/abc/dev2.yml", "warnings": []}
changed: [vikas027.test.com] => (item=/tmp/abc/dev1.yml) => {"changed": true, "cmd": "echo \"/tmp/abc/dev1.yml\"", "delta": "0:00:00.004864", "end": "2015-08-31 20:11:58.440205", "item": "/tmp/abc/dev1.yml", "rc": 0, "start": "2015-08-31 20:11:58.435341", "stderr": "", "stdout": "/tmp/abc/dev1.yml", "warnings": []}

TASK: [include_vars {{ item.item }}] ******************************************
ok: [vikas027.test.com] => (item={u'cmd': u'echo "/tmp/abc/dev3.yml"', u'end': u'2015-08-31 20:11:57.702623', u'stderr': u'', u'stdout': u'/tmp/abc/dev3.yml', u'changed': True, u'rc': 0, 'item': '/tmp/abc/dev3.yml', u'warnings': [], u'delta': u'0:00:00.004915', 'invocation': {'module_name': u'shell', 'module_args': u'echo "/tmp/abc/dev3.yml"'}, 'stdout_lines': [u'/tmp/abc/dev3.yml'], u'start': u'2015-08-31 20:11:57.697708'}) => {"ansible_facts": {"app_name": "dev3", "instance": "dev", "port": 2223, "server": "test3"}, "item": {"changed": true, "cmd": "echo \"/tmp/abc/dev3.yml\"", "delta": "0:00:00.004915", "end": "2015-08-31 20:11:57.702623", "invocation": {"module_args": "echo \"/tmp/abc/dev3.yml\"", "module_name": "shell"}, "item": "/tmp/abc/dev3.yml", "rc": 0, "start": "2015-08-31 20:11:57.697708", "stderr": "", "stdout": "/tmp/abc/dev3.yml", "stdout_lines": ["/tmp/abc/dev3.yml"], "warnings": []}}
ok: [vikas027.test.com] => (item={u'cmd': u'echo "/tmp/abc/dev2.yml"', u'end': u'2015-08-31 20:11:58.130295', u'stderr': u'', u'stdout': u'/tmp/abc/dev2.yml', u'changed': True, u'rc': 0, 'item': '/tmp/abc/dev2.yml', u'warnings': [], u'delta': u'0:00:00.004945', 'invocation': {'module_name': u'shell', 'module_args': u'echo "/tmp/abc/dev2.yml"'}, 'stdout_lines': [u'/tmp/abc/dev2.yml'], u'start': u'2015-08-31 20:11:58.125350'}) => {"ansible_facts": {"app_name": "dev2", "instance": "dev", "port": 4567, "server": "test2"}, "item": {"changed": true, "cmd": "echo \"/tmp/abc/dev2.yml\"", "delta": "0:00:00.004945", "end": "2015-08-31 20:11:58.130295", "invocation": {"module_args": "echo \"/tmp/abc/dev2.yml\"", "module_name": "shell"}, "item": "/tmp/abc/dev2.yml", "rc": 0, "start": "2015-08-31 20:11:58.125350", "stderr": "", "stdout": "/tmp/abc/dev2.yml", "stdout_lines": ["/tmp/abc/dev2.yml"], "warnings": []}}
ok: [vikas027.test.com] => (item={u'cmd': u'echo "/tmp/abc/dev1.yml"', u'end': u'2015-08-31 20:11:58.440205', u'stderr': u'', u'stdout': u'/tmp/abc/dev1.yml', u'changed': True, u'rc': 0, 'item': '/tmp/abc/dev1.yml', u'warnings': [], u'delta': u'0:00:00.004864', 'invocation': {'module_name': u'shell', 'module_args': u'echo "/tmp/abc/dev1.yml"'}, 'stdout_lines': [u'/tmp/abc/dev1.yml'], u'start': u'2015-08-31 20:11:58.435341'}) => {"ansible_facts": {"app_name": "dev1", "instance": "dev", "port": 1234, "server": "test1"}, "item": {"changed": true, "cmd": "echo \"/tmp/abc/dev1.yml\"", "delta": "0:00:00.004864", "end": "2015-08-31 20:11:58.440205", "invocation": {"module_args": "echo \"/tmp/abc/dev1.yml\"", "module_name": "shell"}, "item": "/tmp/abc/dev1.yml", "rc": 0, "start": "2015-08-31 20:11:58.435341", "stderr": "", "stdout": "/tmp/abc/dev1.yml", "stdout_lines": ["/tmp/abc/dev1.yml"], "warnings": []}}

PLAY RECAP ********************************************************************
vikas027.test.com : ok=3    changed=1    unreachable=0    failed=0
root@vikas027:~#

如何在其他任务中引用 app_name、instance、port 等变量？我尝试使用下面的代码和其他一些组合都是徒劳的。

- debug: msg="{{ task1.app_name }}"
  with_items: task1.results

Answer 1

您的变量文件 dev1.yml、dev2.yml 等都引用相同的变量名。这是故意的，还是只是您示例的一部分？我之所以问，是因为您当前显示的示例将导致仅定义最后一组变量，因此就 ansible 而言，似乎最终将变量定义为就像您这样做一样：

vars:
    app_name: dev3
    instance: dev
    port: 2223
    server: test3

您只需按给定名称引用变量：

- debug: var=app_name

- debug: var=instance

etc.

我猜你真正想要做的是让这些变量文件看起来像这样：

---
  app: 
    dev1: 
      instance: "dev"
      port: "1234"
      server: "host1"

和

---
  app: 
    dev2: 
      instance: "dev"
      port: "4321"
      server: "host2"

然后你会像这样引用你的对象：

# should list "dev1", "dev2", "dev3"...
- debug: msg={{ item }}
  with_dict: app

# should list the server names for each device
- debug: var = app[item][server]
  with_dict: app

Answer 2

我今天一整天都在工作，尝试了无数次配置更改都徒劳无功。最后，它按照我想要的方式工作。

这是在类似情况下需要做的事情。希望这对某人有所帮助。

首先，在本地注册您的事实。我同样选择了默认的/etc/ansible/facts.d/ 目录。 Here 是更多细节。 要记住的关键事项：-

• 扩展名应该是.fact
• 文件应该是可执行的（我给了0755）
• 格式为 JSON（我使用 yaml-to-json 将我的 yaml 文件转换为 json。您也可以使用 ruby​​ 或 perl 单行。）

那么，为了迭代上一步注册的事实，我们需要在剧本中加载/重新加载事实，以便在任务/剧本中使用它们。

- local_action: setup filter=ansible_local

- template: src=nginx_lb.conf.j2 dest=/etc/nginx/conf.d/{{ item.key }}.conf
  with_dict: "{{ ansible_local }}"

现在可以在 jinja2 模板中使用所有变量。例如，端口可以引用为item.value.port。