如何在 PowerShell 中将数组对象转换为字符串对象？

Question

在尝试创建包含证书信息的 CSV 文件时，我在将用户权限存储在私钥上时遇到了问题。

问题是我想在一个属性中存储多个值，所以我使用了一个数组。 起初我没有错误，但是即使在数组有值的情况下，我的 csv 文件中的列仍然为空。

使用简单的 Write-Host，我可以看到我的数组具有预期值，因此这部分工作正常。

为了进一步调查，我添加了以下行：

Get-Member $certs.GetValue("UserRights")

这给出了一个错误，表明我必须将我的变量转换为字符串变量。

所以接下来我尝试将此数组转换为单个字符串。 我尝试了几种方法，但我的错误并没有消失，所以它不起作用。 下面是我的完整代码，其中包含一些以前的尝试。

cls $certs = Get-ChildItem cert:\LocalMachine -Recurse  | Where-Object {-not $_.PSIsContainer} | Select * Write-Host ("There were {0} certificates" -f ($certs | Measure-Object).Count)

foreach($certificate in $certs) {
    if($certificate.HasPrivateKey)
    {
        Write-Host "Certificate's PSChildName is" $certificate.PSChildName
        $rsaFile = $certificate.PrivateKey.CspKeyContainerInfo.UniqueKeyContainerName
        $fullPath = "C:\ProgramData\Microsoft\Crypto\RSA\MachineKeys\" + $rsaFile
        $acl = Get-Acl -Path $fullPath
        foreach($accessrule in $acl.Access)
        {
            Write-Host "User" $accessrule.IdentityReference "has the following rights:" $accessrule.FileSystemRights
        }

        Write-Host "------"

        $UserRechten = @()

         foreach($accessrule in $acl.Access)
        {
         $UserRechten += "{0}:{1};" -f ($accessrule.IdentityReference,$accessrule.FileSystemRights)
        }  



        Write-Host "================================================================"


        # -join $UserRechten
        # $Userrechten | out-string
        # $UserRechten = [system.String]::Join(" ", $UserRechten)
        $separator = ";"
        [string]::Join($separator,$UserRechten)

        $certs | Add-Member -MemberType NoteProperty -Name "UserRights" -Value $UserRechten -Force

        Write-Host "UserRechten has value : "$UserRechten

        Get-Member $certs.GetValue("UserRights")

        Write-Host "================================================================"


    } } 


$Certs | Add-Member -MemberType NoteProperty -Name "MachineName" -Value $env:COMPUTERNAME -Force
# $certs | Add-Member -MemberType NoteProperty -Name "Store" -Value 'My' -Force $RunDate = Get-Date -Format 'yyyy-MM-dd' $certs | Add-Member -MemberType NoteProperty -Name "RunDate" -Value $RunDate -Force $certs | Add-Member -MemberType NoteProperty -Name "Owner" -Value $env:USERNAME -Force

$Certs | Select * | Export-Csv c:\Certificaten\LocalCertsAll_$env:COMPUTERNAME.csv 
$Certs | Select MachineName, Owner, PSParentPath, DnsNameList, PSChildName, NotBefore, NotAfter, Rundate, EnhancedKeyUsageList, HasPrivateKey, SerialNumber, Issuer, Subject, FriendlyName, UserRigthts | 
    Export-CSV c:\Certificaten\Localcerts_$env:COMPUTERNAME.csv

Answer 1

如 cmets 中所述，Get-Member 可能不是您要查找的内容

您（几乎可以肯定）不想将UserRights 成员属性添加到$Certs 数组，而是添加到$Certs 中的各个对象。

（为了便于阅读，我删除了一堆多余的 Write-Host 语句）：

$CertsAmended = foreach($Certificate in $certs)
{
    if($certificate.HasPrivateKey)
    {
        $rsaFile = $certificate.PrivateKey.CspKeyContainerInfo.UniqueKeyContainerName
        $fullPath = "C:\ProgramData\Microsoft\Crypto\RSA\MachineKeys\" + $rsaFile
        $acl = Get-Acl -Path $fullPath

        # Create the UserRights value using -join
        $UserRechten = @(foreach($accessrule in $acl.Access){
            Write-Host "User" $accessrule.IdentityReference "has the following rights:" $accessrule.FileSystemRights
            "{0}:{1}" -f ($accessrule.IdentityReference,$accessrule.FileSystemRights)
        }) -join ";"

        # Add the property to the individual object
        $Certificate | Add-Member -MemberType NoteProperty -Name "UserRights" -Value $UserRechten

        Write-Host "Userrights: " $UserRechten

        # "Drop" the certificate object (now with a UserRights value) back onto the pipeline
        $Certificate
    } 
} 

现在您可以根据需要将$CertsAmended 数组导出为 CSV

---

如果您觉得$var = @(foreach($item in $collection){}) -join ';' 不好看，请将其分成两个陈述：

$UserRechten = foreach($accessrule in $acl.Access)
{
    # Create UserRight string here, without ;
}
$UserRechten = $UserRechten -join ';'

---

对于$fullPath 变量，您可能需要使用Join-Path cmdlet：

$fullPath = Join-Path "C:\ProgramData\Microsoft\Crypto\RSA\MachineKeys\" $rsaFile