使用 Web3 和 Truffle HDWalletProvider 在 Infura (Kovan Testnet) 上部署智能合约

Question

无论好坏，我都在学习 2018 年底的教程，以帮助我了解如何在 Kovan 测试网上部署智能合约。我知道版本控制可能是个问题，所以在我展示deploy.js 之前，这里是我的package.json：

"dependencies": {
    "ganache-cli": "^6.10.2",
    "mocha": "^4.1.0",
    "solc": "^0.4.25",
    "truffle-hdwallet-provider": "0.0.3",
    "web3": "^1.0.0-beta.26"
  },

我的.env：

WALLET_SEED="some 12 word seed phrase"
INFURA_ENDPOINT="https://kovan.infura.io/v3/PROJECT_ID"

deploy.js:

const dotenv = require("dotenv").config();
const HDWalletProvider = require('truffle-hdwallet-provider');
const Web3 = require('web3');
const { interface, bytecode } = require('./compile');

const provider = new HDWalletProvider(
  process.env.WALLET_SEED,
  process.env.INFURA_ENDPOINT
);
const web3 = new Web3(provider);

const deploy = async () => {
  const accounts = await web3.eth.getAccounts();
  
  console.log('Attempting to deploy from account', accounts[0]);
  const result = await new web3.eth.Contract(JSON.parse(interface))
    .deploy({ data: bytecode, arguments: ['Hi there!']})
    .send({ gas: '1000000', from: accounts[0] });

  console.log('Contract deployed to: ', result.options.address);
}

deploy();

编译工作正常，但部署时出现以下错误：

UnhandledPromiseRejectionWarning: Error: Insufficient funds. The account you tried to send transaction from does not have enough funds. Required 10000000000000000 and got: 0.
    at /Users/richardjarram/code/catonmat/udemy-solidity/solidity_sandbox/node_modules/web3-provider-engine/subproviders/web3.js:15:44
    at XMLHttpRequest.request.onreadystatechange (/Users/richardjarram/code/catonmat/udemy-solidity/solidity_sandbox/node_modules/truffle-hdwallet-provider/node_modules/web3/lib/web3/httpprovider.js:118:13)

我的 Kovan 钱包里肯定有 1 个 ETH。有趣的是：当我在以下代码中查询我的钱包时，我得到以下输出：

const balance = await web3.eth.getBalance('0x...............actualaccount');
console.log(balance)
// => 1000000000000 etc.

但是当我从我的助记词中查询 Web3 提供程序生成的 accounts 变量时，我得到了一个完全不同的帐户：

const provider = new HDWalletProvider(
  process.env.WALLET_SEED,
  process.env.INFURA_ENDPOINT
);
const web3 = new Web3(provider);

const accounts = await web3.eth.getAccounts();
console.log(accounts)
// [ '0x..............XYZ']

当我查看 web3 为我构建的账户中的资金时，我确认余额确实为 0：

const balance = await web3.eth.getBalance('0x...............XYZ');
console.log(balance)
// => 0

但是当我将我的实际钱包地址硬编码到部署脚本中时，它告诉我该帐户不存在！

const result = await new web3.eth.Contract(JSON.parse(interface))
 .deploy({ data: bytecode, arguments: ['Hi there!']})
 .send({ gas: '1000000', from: '0x.................actualaccount' });

(node:93528) UnhandledPromiseRejectionWarning: Error: Unknown address - unable to sign transaction for this address: "0x.....................actualaddress"
    at /Users/richardjarram/code/catonmat/udemy-solidity/solidity_sandbox/node_modules/web3-provider-engine/subproviders/hooked-wallet.js:185:35
    at /Users/richardjarram/code/catonmat/udemy-solidity/solidity_sandbox/node_modules/web3-provider-engine/subproviders/hooked-wallet.js:207:5

Answer 1

在您定义要使用的网络的 truffle-config.js 中添加“from: '0x...”，确保合约从您知道有余额的帐户部署。