向多个线程发送字符串消息

Question

我有一个通过套接字接收消息的 IRC 客户端。

通过这个客户端，我创建了几个连接到 twitch 上其他人聊天频道的机器人。 （这些是经过授权的，而不是垃圾邮件机器人！）。

每个机器人都是在一个单独的线程中创建的，该线程采用通道名称和一些其他参数。

我的问题是我的 IRC 套接字只能绑定到一个端口，它处理所有 IRC 消息，每条消息都有一个 #channel 字符串作为第三个字符串，将其定向到特定通道。这些消息可以在每个机器人内部处理，因为每个机器人都知道其频道的名称。

我的问题是；如何将通过套接字接收的字符串发送到多个线程？

import time
import socket
import threading
import string
import sys
import os

class IRCBetBot:
    #irc ref
    irc = None

    def __init__(self,IRCRef,playerName,channelName,currencyName):

        #assign variables
        self.irc = IRCRef
        self.channel = '#' + channelName

        self.irc.send(('JOIN ' + self.channel + '\r\n') .encode("utf8"))

        #create readbuffer to hold strings from IRC
        readbuffer = ""

        # This is the main loop
        while 1:

            ##readbuffer## <- need to send message from IRC to this variable 

            for line in temp:
                line=str.rstrip(line)
                line=str.split(line)

                if (len(line) >= 4) and ("PRIVMSG" == line[1]) and (self.channel == line[2]) and not ("jtv" in line[0]):
                    #call function to handle user message
                if(line[0]=="PING"):
                    self.irc.send(("PONG %s\r\n" % line[0]).encode("utf8"))




def runAsThread(ircref,userName, channelName, currencyPrefix):
    print("Got to runAsThread with : " + str(userName) + " " + str(channelName) + " " + str(currencyPrefix))
    IRCBetBot(ircref,userName,channelName,currencyPrefix)

# Here we create the IRC connection
#IRC connection variables
nick = 'mybot'                  #alter this value with the username used to connect to IRC eg: "username".
password = "oauth:mykey"        #alter this value with the password used to connect to IRC from the username above.
server = 'irc.twitch.tv'
port = 6667

#create IRC socket
irc = socket.socket()

irc.connect((server, port))

#sends variables for connection to twitch chat
irc.send(('PASS ' + password + '\r\n').encode("utf8"))
irc.send(('USER ' + nick + '\r\n').encode("utf8"))
irc.send(('NICK ' + nick + '\r\n').encode("utf8"))

# Array to hold all the new threads 
threads = [] 
# authorised Channels loaded from file in real program
authorisedChannels = [["user1","#channel1","coin1"],["user2","#channel2","coin2"],["user3","#channel3","coin3"]]

for item in authorisedChannels:
    try:
        userName = item[0]
        channelName = item[1]
        currencyPrefix = item [2]
        myTuple = (irc,userName,channelName,currencyPrefix)
        thread = threading.Thread(target=runAsThread,args = myTuple,)
        thread.start()
        threads.append(thread)
        time.sleep(5) # wait to avoid too many connections to IRC at once from same IP
    except Exception as e:
        print("An error occurred while creating threads.")
        print(str(e))

#create readbuffer to hold strings from IRC
readbuffer = ""

# This is the main loop
while 1:
    readbuffer= readbuffer+self.irc.recv(1024).decode("utf-8")
    temp=str.split(readbuffer, "\n")
    readbuffer=temp.pop( )
    #
    #Need to send readbuffer to each IRCBetBot() created in runAsThread that contains a while 1: loop to listen for strings in its __init__() method.
    #   

print ("Waiting...")

for thread in threads:
    thread.join()

print ("Complete.")

我需要以某种方式将主循环中的读取缓冲区放入在单独线程中创建的每个 IRCBetBot 对象中吗？有什么想法吗？

Answer 1

这是一个示例，说明如何使用每个线程的队列来执行此操作。我们不只是创建一个线程列表，而是创建一个以通道为键的线程字典，并在字典中存储线程对象和可用于与线程对话的队列。

#!/usr/bin/python3

import threading
from queue import Queue


class IRCBetBot(threading.Thread):
    def __init__(self, q, playerName, channelName, currencyName):
        super().__init__()
        self.channel = channelName
        self.playerName = playerName
        self.currencyName = currencyName
        self.queue = q 

    def run(self):
        readbuffer = ""
        while 1:
            readbuffer = self.queue.get()  # This will block until a message is sent to the queue.
            print("{} got msg {}".format(self.channel, readbuffer))

if __name__ == "__main__":

    authorisedChannels = [["user1","#channel1","coin1"],
                          ["user2","#channel2","coin2"],
                          ["user3","#channel3","coin3"]]

threads = {}
for item in authorisedChannels:
    try:
        userName = item[0]
        channelName = item[1]
        currencyPrefix = item [2]
        myTuple = (userName,channelName,currencyPrefix)
        q = Queue() 
        thread = IRCBetBot(q, *myTuple )
        thread.start()
        threads[channelName] = (q, thread)
    except Exception as e:
        print("An error occurred while creating threads.")
        print(str(e))

while 1:
    a = input("Input your message (channel: msg): ")
    channel, msg = a.split(":")
    threads[channel][0].put(msg)  # Sends a message using the queue object

如您所见，当消息进入套接字时，我们会解析出通道（您的代码已经这样做了），然后将消息传递到我们线程字典中的适当队列。

示例输出（稍作调整，因此输出不会因并发 print 调用而被打乱）：

dan@dantop:~$ ./test.py 
Input your message (channel: msg): #channel1: hi there
#channel1 got msg  hi there
Input your message (channel: msg): #channel2: another one
#channel2 got msg  another one

Answer 2

一种方法是使用一个类似于线程数组的 readBuffers 数组。然后每个线程基本上都在等待其特定读取缓冲区上的数据。

当您获取数据时，您可以将其传递给您感兴趣的线程，或者只是将数据复制到所有读取缓冲区，并让线程在他们感兴趣时处理它。在这种情况下，观察者模式效果最好。