我正在尝试使用 SQL 获取两个字段的差异

Question

我正在尝试使用 SQL 来区分两个字段，但我的字段数据类型之一是文本，另一个是日期。文本字段也采用 UTC 格式，日期字段采用山区标准时间格式。

1. extract_date 是日期字段。
2. src_msg_date_time 是文本字段

当我在查询下方运行时，查询工作室中出现“自动化错误”。任何帮助请我做错了什么。！

SELECT
A.extract_date AT TIME ZONE 'Mountain Standard Time' AT TIME ZONE 'UTC' AS EventDate,
B.SmsStandardStatusCode,
B.Description,
A.src_msg_date_time,
A.SubID
FROM
[SmsSendLog] A WITH(NOLOCK)
JOIN
[CustomDataView] B WITH(NOLOCK)
ON A.subid=B.SUBSCRIBERID and a.smsjobid=b.SMSJOBID and a.smsbatchid=b.smsbatchid
where DATEDIFF(Day,A.extract_date,GETDATE()) between 0 and 5
and 
DATEDIFF(hour,(Convert(Datetime, A.src_msg_date_time,120) AT TIME ZONE 'Mountain Standard Time' AT TIME ZONE 'UTC'),(A.extract_date AT TIME ZONE 'Mountain Standard Time' AT TIME ZONE 'UTC')) between 0 and 2

Answer 1

t-sql 中不允许从文本到日期时间的显式转换，您可能需要进行双重转换或转换：

SELECT
A.extract_date AT TIME ZONE 'Mountain Standard Time' AT TIME ZONE 'UTC' AS EventDate,
B.SmsStandardStatusCode,
B.Description,
A.src_msg_date_time,
A.SubID
FROM
[SmsSendLog] A WITH(NOLOCK)
JOIN
[CustomDataView] B WITH(NOLOCK)
ON A.subid=B.SUBSCRIBERID and a.smsjobid=b.SMSJOBID and a.smsbatchid=b.smsbatchid
where DATEDIFF(Day,A.extract_date,GETDATE()) between 0 and 5
and 
DATEDIFF(hour,(Convert(Datetime, cast(A.src_msg_date_time as varchar(max)),120) AT TIME ZONE 'Mountain Standard Time' AT TIME ZONE 'UTC'),(A.extract_date AT TIME ZONE 'Mountain Standard Time' AT TIME ZONE 'UTC')) between 0 and 2

参考：

https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/sql/t-sql/functions/cast-and-convert-transact-sql?view=sql-server-ver15

Answer 2

我会在子查询中进行时区转换以简化 where 子句。

SELECT
  sl.extract_date EventDate
, dv.SmsStandardStatusCode
, dv.Description
, sl.src_msg_date_time
, sl.SubID
FROM (
   select 
     Convert(Datetime, sl0.src_msg_date_time,120) AT TIME ZONE 'UTC' as src_msg_date_time
   , sl0.extract_date AT TIME ZONE 'UTC' as extract_date
   , convert(date, getDate()) AT TIME ZONE 'UTC' as today
   , sl0.subid
   from SmsSendLog sl0 
) sl 
inner join CustomDataView dv ON sl.subid = dv.SUBSCRIBERID and sl.smsjobid = dv.SMSJOBID and sl.smsbatchid = dv.smsbatchid
where 
sl.subid is not null
and sl.src_msg_date_time is not null
and sl.extract_date is not null
and sl.extract_date >= convert(date, sl.today-5) 
and datediff(hour,sl.src_msg_date_time,sl.extract_date) between 0 and 2

还有：

• SFMC 中不需要with (nolock)。您对平台中的查询没有这种级别的控制。
• 在您未来的 SQL 查询问题中，请包含所选数据的样本和所需的输出。当任何数据类型转换和计算是查询的一部分时，这一点尤其重要。