如何使用 json 数据格式化 csv 文件？答案

【问题标题】：How to format a csv file using json data?如何使用 json 数据格式化 csv 文件？
【发布时间】：2018-01-02 14:56:52
【问题描述】：

我有一个需要转换为 csv 文件的 json 文件，但我对信任 json-to-csv 转换器站点有点谨慎，因为输出的数据似乎不正确......所以我希望在这里寻求帮助！

我有以下json文件结构：

{
    "GroupName": "GrpName13",
    "Number": 3,
    "Notes": "Test Group ",
    "Units": [
    {
        "UnitNumber": "TestUnit13",
        "DataSource": "Factory",
        "ContractNumber": "TestContract13",
        "CarNumber": "2",
        "ControllerTypeMessageId" : 4,
        "NumberOfLandings": 4,
        "CreatedBy": "user1",
        "CommissionModeMessageId": 2,
        "Details": [
        {
            "DetailName": "TestFloor13",
            "DetailNumber": "5"
        }
        ],
        "UnitDevices": [
        {
            "DeviceTypeMessageId": 1,
            "CreatedBy": "user1"
        }                               
        ]
    }
    ]
}

我认为我看到的问题是转换器似乎无法理解许多嵌套数据值。我认为转换器错误的原因是因为当我尝试使用它们转换回 json 时，我没有收到相同的结构。

有谁知道如何手动将此 json 格式化为 csv 格式，或者知道如何处理嵌套值的可靠转换器？

【问题讨论】：

那么 CSV 格式意味着您正在处理一个常规表。无法在 CSV 文件中正确表示树状结构。但是，如果您要“转换”的结构始终具有相同的结构和相同数量的子项，则您可以将树结构转换为您以相同方式用于所有元素的列。即：在生成 CVS 文件之前，您必须先“扁平化”您的结构。

标签： json excel csv converter

【解决方案1】：

试试

www.json-buddy.com/convert-json-csv-xml.htm

如果不适合你，那么你可以试试这个工具

http://download.cnet.com/JSON-to-CSV/3000-2383_4-76680683.html

应该会有所帮助！

【讨论】：

【解决方案2】：

我已经在这个 url 上尝试了你的 json：

http://www.convertcsv.com/json-to-csv.htm

结果： UnitNumber,DataSource,ContractNumber,CarNumber,ControllerTypeMessageId,NumberOfLandings,CreatedBy,CommissionModeMessageId,Details/0/DetailName,Details/0/DetailNumber,UnitDevices/0/DeviceTypeMessageId,UnitDevices/0/CreatedBy TestUnit13,Factory,TestContract13,2,4,4,user1,2,TestFloor13,5,1,user1

因为它可以保存键的路径，比如'UnitDevices'列表中的'DeviceTypeMessageId'：它会将列名命名为'UnitDevices/0/DeviceTypeMessageId'，这样可以避免同名错误，所以你可以通过转换器规则获取列名。

希望有帮助。

【讨论】：

【解决方案3】：

这是使用jq的解决方案

如果文件filter.jq包含

def denormalize:
  def headers($p):
      keys_unsorted[] as $k
    | if   .[$k]|type == "array" then (.[$k]|first|headers("\($p)\($k)_"))
      else "\($p)\($k)"
      end
  ;
  def setup:
    [
      keys_unsorted[] as $k
    | if   .[$k]|type == "array" then [ .[$k][]| setup ]
      else .[$k]
      end
    ]
  ;
  def iter:
    if length == 0 then []
    elif .[0]|type != "array" then
      [.[0]] + (.[1:] | iter)
    else
        (.[0][] | iter) as $x
      | (.[1:]  | iter) as $y
      | [$x[]] + $y
    end
  ;
  [ headers("") ], (setup | iter)
;

denormalize | @csv

和data.json 包含（注意添加了额外的示例）

{
  "GroupName": "GrpName13",
  "Notes": "Test Group ",
  "Number": 3,
  "Units": [
    {
      "CarNumber": "2",
      "CommissionModeMessageId": 2,
      "ContractNumber": "TestContract13",
      "ControllerTypeMessageId": 4,
      "CreatedBy": "user1",
      "DataSource": "Factory",
      "Details": [
        {
          "DetailName": "TestFloor13",
          "DetailNumber": "5"
        }
      ],
      "NumberOfLandings": 4,
      "UnitDevices": [
        {
          "CreatedBy": "user1",
          "DeviceTypeMessageId": 1
        },
        {
          "CreatedBy": "user10",
          "DeviceTypeMessageId": 10
        }
      ],
      "UnitNumber": "TestUnit13"
    },
    {
      "CarNumber": "99",
      "CommissionModeMessageId": 99,
      "ContractNumber": "Contract99",
      "ControllerTypeMessageId": 99,
      "CreatedBy": "user99",
      "DataSource": "Another Factory",
      "Details": [
        {
          "DetailName": "TestFloor99",
          "DetailNumber": "99"
        }
      ],
      "NumberOfLandings": 99,
      "UnitDevices": [
        {
          "CreatedBy": "user99",
          "DeviceTypeMessageId": 99
        }
      ],
      "UnitNumber": "Unit99"
    }
  ]
}

然后是命令

jq -M -r -f filter.jq data.json

会产生

"GroupName","Notes","Number","Units_CarNumber","Units_CommissionModeMessageId","Units_ContractNumber","Units_ControllerTypeMessageId","Units_CreatedBy","Units_DataSource","Units_Details_DetailName","Units_Details_DetailNumber","Units_NumberOfLandings","Units_UnitDevices_CreatedBy","Units_UnitDevices_DeviceTypeMessageId","Units_UnitNumber"
"GrpName13","Test Group ",3,"2",2,"TestContract13",4,"user1","Factory","TestFloor13","5",4,"user1",1,"TestUnit13"
"GrpName13","Test Group ",3,"2",2,"TestContract13",4,"user1","Factory","TestFloor13","5",4,"user10",10,"TestUnit13"
"GrpName13","Test Group ",3,"99",99,"Contract99",99,"user99","Another Factory","TestFloor99","99",99,"user99",99,"Unit99"

【讨论】：