为我在我的类中定义的变量获取 NameError答案

【问题标题】：Getting a NameError for a variable I have defined in my Class为我在我的类中定义的变量获取 NameError
【发布时间】：2020-01-03 20:14:10
【问题描述】：

我正在尝试运行一些代码，允许我从我称为 Master_programmer 的类中调用名称 Student 或 Programmer。这是我使用的代码。


class Master_programmer:

    capabilities = []
    student = "SoloLearn Student"
    programmer = "Programmer"

    def Student(self): 
        return 'SoloLearn Student'


    def Programmer(self): 
        return 'Programmer'

    def __init__(self, name):
        self.name = name

    def add_capabilities(self, capability):
        self.capabilities.append(capability)


m1 = Master_programmer(programmer)
print(m1.Student, m1.Programmer)

a.add_capabilities('Stay Inspired')
b.add_capabilities('Find Clients')
b.capability

运行上述代码后，出现以下错误

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "./Playground/file0.py", line 21, in <module>
    m1 = Master_programmer(programmer)
NameError: name 'programmer' is not defined

现在，我的问题是，如何让我的代码提供预期的结果？例如，当我请求调用名称“程序员”时，我希望它会调出程序员，然后允许我向程序员添加功能，例如“查找客户”。对于学生来说，它必须是“保持灵感”。

【问题讨论】：

您显示的代码不会产生该错误
你说得对，让我更新一下。
我已经更新了代码。有什么想法吗？
变量 programmer 直到您实例化对象后才存在，但您试图在创建对象时将其传递给 init
也不清楚为什么你有类属性 student 和 programmer 以及似乎只是返回它们的值的方法。

标签： python class nameerror

【解决方案1】：

我猜下面的代码和它的 cmets 会回答你的问题。

class Master_programmer:
    STATIC_VARIABLE_ONE_FOR_EVERY_INSTANCES = 'This is Static Var'
    def __init__(self, name):
        self.name = name
        self.capabilities = []
        self.student = "SoloLearn Student"
        self.programmer = "Programmer"

    def get_student(self): 
        return self.student

    def get_programmer(self): 
        return self.programmer

    def add_capabilities(self, capability):
        self.capabilities.append(capability)

# Create instance for your class and name it coder (or whatever you like)
coder = Master_programmer('Replace me with student name')

# to call coder object's variable 
# you need to call it by object name just like below
print('capabilities: ', coder.capabilities)
print(coder.programmer)
print(coder.student)
coder.add_capabilities('Stay Inspired')
coder.add_capabilities('Find Clients')
print(coder.get_student())
print(coder.get_programmer())
print('capabilities: ', coder.capabilities)
print()

# you can invoke Static variables usign directly class name
# you can invoke usign instance name as well but, it is not convention
print(Master_programmer.STATIC_VARIABLE_ONE_FOR_EVERY_INSTANCES)
print()

# if you change Static member, it will get change for all of your instances
coder_2 = Master_programmer('Replace me with student name')
Master_programmer.STATIC_VARIABLE_ONE_FOR_EVERY_INSTANCES = 'changed'
print()

# print static var using both ways
print(Master_programmer.STATIC_VARIABLE_ONE_FOR_EVERY_INSTANCES)
print(coder.STATIC_VARIABLE_ONE_FOR_EVERY_INSTANCES)
print(coder_2.STATIC_VARIABLE_ONE_FOR_EVERY_INSTANCES)

【讨论】：

这是一个很好的答案，但不要使用吸气剂。他们没有任何目的

【解决方案2】：

m1 = Master_programmer(programmer)
print(m1.Student, m1.Programmer)

如果你想在Master_programmer 类中引用programmer = "Programmer"，则调用变量programmer，你需要改用Master_programmer.programmer。

虽然如果您不初始化 a 和 b，您的代码稍后会崩溃，因为您也需要像 normal 变量一样定义它们，例如a = Master_programmer("EEZi") 给他们打电话和/或与他们合作

【讨论】：

【解决方案3】：

谢谢大家的回答。这是我使用的最终代码，它运行得非常好。非常感谢你。

class Master_programmer:
    STATIC_VARIABLE_ONE_FOR_EVERY_INSTANCES = 'This is Static Var'
    def __init__(self, name):
        self.name = name
        self.capabilities = []
        self.student = "SoloLearn Student"
        self.programmer = "Programmer"

    def get_student(self): 
        return self.student


    def get_programmer(self): 
        return self.programmer


    def add_capabilities(self, capability):
        self.capabilities.append(capability)




coder = Master_programmer('EEZi')


coder.add_capabilities('Stay Inspired!')
coder.add_capabilities('Find Clients')

a = coder.get_student()
b = coder.get_programmer()
capabilities = coder.capabilities


for i in range(0,1):
    print(a)
    print("Listen here, just", coder.capabilities[0], "\n")
    print(b)
    print("Hustle hard and", coder.capabilities[1])

【讨论】：