在 Excel 中查找和线性插值缺失数据答案

【问题标题】：Find and Linear Interpolate Missing Data in Excel在 Excel 中查找和线性插值缺失数据
【发布时间】：2011-05-30 00:48:18
【问题描述】：

我希望有人能帮我在 Excel 中线性插值缺失数据。

我有我在不同时间间隔收集的数据，为了操作数据，我需要将它排成一行。我正在尝试创建一个函数，该函数在 Column 中查找丢失的数据并根据上面最接近值的线性插值和经过的时间量来填充它。一个简单的线性插值将适合填充缺失的数据。我有下面显示的示例数据（不幸的是，我不允许我发布图片，所以下面是逗号划定的数据）。对于开头或结尾的缺失数据，可以留空或复制最接近的值。

感谢您的帮助

示例数据（逗号分隔）：

Date(days),Time(hours),Data1,Data2,Data3,Data4,Data5,Data6
40684,0.385670139,,,2.049620821,,,
40684,0.385675069,,,,,,0.133139679
40684,0.385680012,,,8.550069731,,,
40684,0.385684954,,,,,,
40684,0.385689884,,,6.308237045,,,
40684,0.385694826,,,,0.012712923,,0.008131037
40684,0.385699769,,,7.00871559,,,
40684,0.385704699,6.153512677,,,0.00487698,,
40684,0.385709641,,12.45628511,5.053182136,,,
40684,0.385714572,,,,,,
40684,0.385719514,,3.908056327,5.79615269,,0.132418943,
40684,0.385724456,,,,,,
40684,0.385729387,,,1.100001911,,0.011925063,
40684,0.385734329,,,,,,
40684,0.385739271,,,4.576754454,,0.114426916,
40684,0.385744201,,,,,,
40684,0.385749144,,,6.64728305,,0.078670107,
40684,0.385754074,,,,,,
40684,0.385759016,,,3.666219416,,,
40684,0.385763958,,,,0.206991693,,
40684,0.385768889,,,7.619782896,,,
40684,0.385773831,,,,,,
40684,0.385778773,,,2.622500183,,,
40684,0.385783704,,,,0.136512025,,
40684,0.385788646,,,4.506286862,,,
40684,0.385793576,,,,,,0.028082778
40684,0.385798519,,,0.28245389,,,
40684,0.385803461,,,,,,0.161361483
40684,0.385808391,,,8.368688368,,,
40684,0.385813333,,,,,,0.001826172
40684,0.385818264,,,2.513474192,,,
40684,0.385823206,,,,,,0.068932257
40684,0.385828148,,,3.908795401,,,
40684,0.385833079,,,,,,
40684,0.385838021,,,6.855867864,,,
40684,0.385842963,,,,,,
40684,0.385847894,,,11.49078845,,,
40684,0.385852836,,,,,,
40684,0.385857766,,,8.035507345,,0.022647571,
40684,0.385862708,9.617499888,,,0.113758152,,
40684,0.385867639,,23.14163433,10.70361681,,0.095718193,
40684,0.385872581,,,,0.073685334,,
40684,0.385877523,,13.93635422,11.24775181,,,
40684,0.385882454,,,,,,

【问题讨论】：

标签： excel interpolation vba

【解决方案1】：

您需要使用线性插值或三次样条对数据进行插值。您可以对齐 x 轴。

根据数据量，您将需要 VBA 代码来为您计算。不幸的是，从您提供的数据来看，数据中似乎有很多噪音（或变化）（请看 Data6），并且在短时间内发生了很大的变化，大多数方案都将变得不稳定。您可能需要先对数据进行平滑处理（如果有很多数据），然后对其进行插值。

对于线性插值，请激活工作表并运行以下命令

Option Explicit

Public Sub LinearFit()
Dim rx As Range, ry As Range
Dim x() As Variant, y() As Variant
Dim i As Integer, j As Integer, N As Integer, M As Integer
M = 6 'Columns
N = 44 'Rows
Set rx = Range("A2").Resize(N, 2) ' get x values (2 columns)
x = rx.Value    'Get Day/Time array from worksheet
Dim i_low, i_high As Integer
Dim x_low As Double, x_high As Double
Dim y_low As Double, y_high As Double
Dim x_temp As Double
For j = 1 To M 'go through all columns of data
    Set ry = Range("C2").Offset(0, j - 1).Resize(N, 1)
    y = ry.Value    'Get value array from worksheet
    i_low = 1: i_high = 0 'initialize search values
    Do  'loop starting empty values
        i_high = i_high + 1
    Loop While IsEmpty(y(i_high, 1)) And i_high < N
    'get x for first non-empty cell
    x_high = CDbl(x(i_high, 1)) + 24# * CDbl(x(i_high, 2))
    If IsEmpty(y(i_high, 1)) Then
        Exit For 'if column is empty leave it alone
    Else
        y_high = CDbl(y(i_high, 1)) ' get first non-zero value
    End If
    'Fill empty first cells with constant value
    For i = 1 To i_high - 1
        y(i, 1) = y_high 'fill empty cells with initial value
    Next i
    Do 'loop through sections of empty cells
        i_low = i_high
        x_low = x_high
        y_low = y_high
        'Find next empty block if it exists
        Do
            i_high = i_high + 1
        Loop While IsEmpty(y(i_high, 1)) And i_high < N
        'get x for next block end
        x_high = CDbl(x(i_high, 1)) + 24# * CDbl(x(i_high, 2))
        If IsEmpty(y(i_high, 1)) Then
            y_high = y_low 'if cells empty to end use last value
        Else
            y_high = CDbl(y(i_high, 1)) 'find next value
        End If
        For i = i_low To i_high
            ' x value of interest
            x_temp = CDbl(x(i, 1)) + 24# * CDbl(x(i, 2))
            ' Linear Interpolation (see wikipedia for details)
            y(i, 1) = y_low + (y_high - y_low) * (x_temp - x_low) / (x_high - x_low)
        Next i
    Loop While i_high < N
    ry.Value = y 'put array back into worksheet
Next j

End Sub

你会看到这样填写的值：

Date(days)  Time(hours) Data1   Data2   Data3   Data4   Data5   Data6
40684   0.385670139 6.153512677 12.45628511 2.049620821 0.012712923 0.132418943 0.133139679
40684   0.385675069 6.153512677 12.45628511 5.295565628 0.012712923 0.132418943 0.133139679
40684   0.385680012 6.153512677 12.45628511 8.550069731 0.012712923 0.132418943 0.101863791
40684   0.385684954 6.153512677 12.45628511 7.427790828 0.012712923 0.132418943 0.070594229
40684   0.385689884 6.153512677 12.45628511 6.308237045 0.012712923 0.132418943 0.039400597
40684   0.385694826 6.153512677 12.45628511 6.658440881 0.012712923 0.132418943 0.008131037
40684   0.385699769 6.153512677 12.45628511 7.00871559  0.008789793 0.132418943 0.009129735
40684   0.385704699 6.153512677 12.45628511 6.032137384 0.00487698  0.132418943 0.010125807
40684   0.385709641 6.261854761 12.45628511 5.053182136 0.021732662 0.132418943 0.011124303
40684   0.385714572 6.369955702 8.186932606 5.424253533 0.038550828 0.132418943 0.012120577

【讨论】：

PS - 我在工作中一直在处理一些问题，我诅咒 excel 在这种情况下根本没有帮助。 MATLAB 是你在这种后期处理中的朋友。
...那种只有在拿到巨额薪水后才伸出援手的朋友！我很好奇：你会如何在 MATLAB 中更简洁地完成上述操作？
另外，您（非常好）从头开始编写所有内容，所以当然，这听起来很烦人——但您不一定必须这样做。网上有大量现成的线性插值函数 (random example)。因此，如果您不想重新发明轮子，有很多帮助。
@ja72 非常感谢您的帮助和有据可查的代码。很好地填写了我的数据集。必须仔细检查代码并弄清楚到底发生了什么。
@John - 我添加了一个退出条件，以前它有 y_high =0 如果为空，则单独保留该列。和以前一样，它可能会在第二个 Do 循环内的任何空列产生错误。

【解决方案2】：

我相信我已经想出了一个在牢房里做这件事的方法。此公式将从第二行开始计算 A 列中的时间，B 列中的间隙数据，C 列中的插值数据。请注意，但在最后几行中失败，因为可能没有更多值可查找。

{=IF(ISBLANK(B2), C1 + (偏移量(B2, IF(ISBLANK(B2), MATCH(1, IF(ISBLANK(B2:B$999), 0, 1), 0), B2), 0) - C1) / (OFFSET($A2, IF(ISBLANK(B2), MATCH(1, IF(ISBLANK(B2:B$999), 0, 1), 0), B2), 0) - $A1) * ($A2 - $A1), B2)}

【讨论】：