SQL。如何在同一个表的不同行中工作/比较/查找差异

Question

我有一个如下所示的表格：

ID   Date      Size   Marked
1    2010-02-02    2        X
2    2002-02-02    1
1    2010-02-03    2        X
2    2010-02-03    3        
3    2010-02-03    4        X

我有一个代码 (PHP)，它执行以下操作： a) 计算每天的大小总和 b) 找出今天和最后一天的总数之差。 c) 找出今天被标记的行的大小总和（具有相同 id 的行昨天没有被标记）。

例如，我会得到以下结果：

Date        Total  DiffWithYesterday  MarkedThisDay
2010-02-02    3      0                  0
2010-02-03    9      6                  4

我觉得有一种方法可以用 SQL 来编写它。但是我的 SQL 很弱，所以在玩了一天的内部连接、分组和嵌入式选择后我放弃了。

如果你能给我一些如何做到这一点的线索，我将不胜感激。

哦.. 我正在使用 MySQL。

问候， 维克多

Answer 1

玩得开心。

SELECT 
  today.date as Date, 
  today.total as Total, 
  (today.total - yesterday.total) as DiffWithYesterday  , 
  marked.total as MarkedThisDay
FROM
  (SELECT date, sum(size) as total
   FROM table_name
   GROUP BY date) today
LEFT JOIN 
  (SELECT date, sum(size) as total
   FROM table_name
   WHERE marked = 'X'
   GROUP BY date) marked ON today.date = marked.date
LEFT JOIN
  (SELECT (date + INTERVAL 1 day) as date, sum(size) as total
   FROM table_name
   GROUP BY date) yesterday ON today.date=yesterday.date

显然，您需要将“table_name”替换为您的表名

Answer 2

类似的东西在 SQL Server 中有效。我没有要测试的 MySQL，但您可能会在看到逻辑后进行转换。

create table so (sodate datetime, sosize int, somarked varchar(1))

insert into so (sodate,sosize,somarked) values ('1-jan-2010',3,'X')
insert into so (sodate,sosize,somarked) values ('2-jan-2010',1,'X')
insert into so (sodate,sosize,somarked) values ('3-jan-2010',2,'X')
insert into so (sodate,sosize,somarked) values ('4-jan-2010',0,null)
insert into so (sodate,sosize,somarked) values ('5-jan-2010',2,null)
insert into so (sodate,sosize,somarked) values ('6-jan-2010',1,null)
insert into so (sodate,sosize,somarked) values ('6-jan-2010',4,null)
insert into so (sodate,sosize,somarked) values ('6-jan-2010',1,null)
insert into so (sodate,sosize,somarked) values ('7-jan-2010',3,'X')
insert into so (sodate,sosize,somarked) values ('8-jan-2010',3,'X')
insert into so (sodate,sosize,somarked) values ('9-jan-2010',2,null)
insert into so (sodate,sosize,somarked) values ('10-jan-2010',2,'X')
insert into so (sodate,sosize,somarked) values ('11-jan-2010',1,'X')
insert into so (sodate,sosize,somarked) values ('12-jan-2010',2,null)
insert into so (sodate,sosize,somarked) values ('13-jan-2010',3,'X')

select so.sodate
    ,sum(so.sosize) as Total
    ,isnull(sum(so.sosize),0) - isnull(min(so2.sosize),0) as DiffFromYesterday
    ,sum(case when so.somarked = 'X' then so.sosize end) as MarkedThisDay
from so
    left join (select so.sodate,sum(so.sosize) sosize from so group by sodate) so2 on dateadd(dd,1,so2.sodate) = so.sodate
group by so.sodate  

..在安装 mysql 之后，这似乎在那里工作......

select so.sodate
    ,sum(so.sosize) as Total
    ,ifnull(sum(so.sosize),0) - ifnull(min(so2.sosize),0) as DiffFromYesterday
    ,sum(case when so.somarked = 'X' then so.sosize end) as MarkedThisDay
from so
    left join (select so.sodate,sum(so.sosize) sosize from so group by sodate) so2 on (so2.sodate + INTERVAL 1 day )= so.sodate
group by so.sodate  ;