有没有办法使 if 语句更短？

Question

我让用户输入过敏症状并告诉用户该症状是过敏症状，如果症状在元组中，如果不是，那么它会告诉他们“不是过敏症状。我试过了使用元组并写了“if user_input ==”tuple_name“：”，但它不起作用。有没有办法做到这一点？如果元组不起作用，有没有办法使 if else 语句更短?

这是目前为止的小程序：

# most common questions asked by patients at pharmacy
# allergy treatment
def symptoms(allergies):
while True:
    user_input = input("enter symptom: ")
    if user_input == "runny nose":
        print("allergy symptom")
    elif user_input == "itchy throat":
        print("allergy symptom")
    elif user_input == "watery eyes":
        print("allergy symptom")
    elif user_input == "itchy nose":
        print("allergy symptom")
    elif user_input == "trouble breathing":
        print("this is a severe allergic reaction. Call 911!")
        break
    elif user_input == "hives":
        print("this is an allergic reaction")
    elif user_input == "rash":
        print("this is an allergic reaction")
    elif user_input == "throat closing":
        print("this is a severe allergic reaction. Call 911!")
        break
    elif user_input == "swelling":
        print("this is an allergic reaction")
    else:
        print("not an allergy symptom.")


symptoms('allergies')


# Rph recommended otc products for mild allergic reactions and for allergies
def allergy_otc():
while True:
    pt_otc_age = input("Is the patient younger than 12 years old? ")
    if pt_otc_age == "yes":
        print("Recommended: Children's Zyrtec, Claritin, Allegra, & Benadryl")
    else:
        print("Recommended: Claritin, Zyrtec, Allegra, & Benadryl")
    pt_pregnancy_status = input("Is the patient pregnant? ")
    if pt_pregnancy_status == "yes":
        print("Recommended allergy medication for pregnant women would be Claritin.")
    else:
        break


allergy_otc()

Answer 1

in 运算符检查对象是否存在于序列中。所以：

allergy_symptoms = (
    "runny nose",
    "itchy throat",
    "watery eyes",
    "itchy nose"
 )
allergic_reactions = (
    "hives",
    "rash",
    "swelling"
)
severe_reactions = (
    "trouble breathing",
    "throat closing"
)

if user_input in allergy_symptoms:
    print("allergy symptom")
elif user_input in allergic_reactions:
    print("this is an allergic reaction")
elif user_input in severe_reactions:
    print("this is a severe allergic reaction. Call 911!")
    break
else:
    print("not an allergy symptom.")

Answer 2

在一个列表中分组症状，在另一个列表中分组反应，然后使用if x in list（如果 x 出现在列表中）

symptoms = ["runny nose", "itchy throat", "watery eyes"]

user_input = input()

if user_input in symptoms:
    print("you are gonna die")
else:
    print("don't worry, be happy")

Answer 3

如果您要查找一个术语并返回一个值，使用字典会更方便。试试这个：

# You should generally avoid "magic values" by declaring them up-front. This
# prevents hard-to-find typing errors
SEVERE_REACTION = "this is a severe allergic reaction. Call 911!"

# define the dictionary outside the get_diagnosis function to avoid 
# re-calculating it every time
symptoms = {
    "runny nose": "allergy symptom",
    "itchy throat": "allergy symptom",
    "watery eyes": "allergy symptom",
    "itchy nose": "allergy symptom",
    "trouble breathing": SEVERE_REACTION,
    "hives": "this is an allergic reaction",
    "rash": "this is an allergic reaction",
    "throat closing": SEVERE_REACTION,
    "swelling": "this is an allergic reaction" }

def get_diagnosis(user_input):
    try:
        return symptoms[user_input]
    # if the user_input isn't in the dictionary, catch the exception and return
    # a message
    except KeyError:
        return "not an allergy symptom."

def symptoms(allergies):
while True:
    user_input = input("enter symptom: ")
    
    diagnosis = get_diagnosis(user_input)
    print(diagnosis)

    if diagnosis == SEVERE_REACTION:
        break