在Rails中，需要在相同的两个模型之间设置多对多关系和一对多关系

Question

我有一个应用程序，其中项目属于一个所有者（用户），并且拥有并属于许多成员（用户）。

我在模型中设置了以下代码来处理这些关联。注意，项目在其数据库中有 owner_id 但没有 member_id

项目模型代码

attr_accessible :description, :name, :owner_id, :avatar_url

belongs_to :owner, foreign_key: :owner_id, class_name: "User"
has_and_belongs_to_many :members, class_name: "User"

用户型号代码

has_and_belongs_to_many :projects
has_many :owned_projects, class_name: "Project", foreign_key: "owner_id"
has_many :associated_projects, class_name: "Project", foreign_key: "member_id"

在给定的项目中，我可以调用 p.owner 但不能调用 p.members。对于用户，我可以调用 u.owned_projects 或 u.projects 但不能调用 u.associated_projects。

当我尝试这些命令时，我收到以下错误

1.9.3p194 :003 > p.members
User Load (0.2ms)  SELECT "users".* FROM "users" INNER JOIN "projects_users" ON "users"."id" = "projects_users"."user_id" WHERE "projects_users"."project_id" = 3
ActiveRecord::StatementInvalid: SQLite3::SQLException: no such table: projects_users: SELECT "users".* FROM "users" INNER JOIN "projects_users" ON "users"."id" = "projects_users"."user_id" WHERE "projects_users"."project_id" = 3

和

1.9.3p194 :007 > ryan.associated_projects
Project Load (0.2ms)  SELECT "projects".* FROM "projects" WHERE "projects"."member_id" = 14593
ActiveRecord::StatementInvalid: SQLite3::SQLException: no such column: projects.member_id: SELECT "projects".* FROM "projects"  WHERE "projects"."member_id" = 14593

如何设置这些模型，以便它们按我的意愿工作？

注意：我在 - Two has_many links between the same models 之后建模了我的代码，但它没有帮助。

Answer 1

你必须在你的用户和项目模型中有一个 has_many_and_belongs_to 关系。您还需要一个中间表。 http://guides.rubyonrails.org/association_basics.html#the-has_and_belongs_to_many-association

Class Project < ActiveRecord::Base

     attr_accessible :description, :name, :owner_id, :avatar_url

     belongs_to :owner, foreign_key: :owner_id, class_name: "User"
     has_and_belongs_to_many :members, class_name: "User"

end

Class User < ActiveRecord::Base

     has_and_belongs_to_many :projects
     has_many :owned_projects, class_name: "Project", foreign_key: "owner_id"

end

如前所述，您必须在成员项目和用户（成员）之间有一个中间表。 当您尝试查看项目成员时遇到了该错误：no such table: projects_users

Projects_Users Table
user_id | project_id