oracle数据库连接问题

Question

我在 Oracle 中创建了一个名为 Oracle18c 的连接。每当我试图打开 Tables 部分时，就会出现下面的弹出窗口。我的 Oracle 服务器 在 Docker 容器中运行。我试图在互联网上找到解决方案，但找不到。我是 Oracle 数据库的新手。请帮帮我。

Answer 1

默认情况下，可插拔数据库不会在其容器数据库启动时自动打开。 sysdba 用户需要发出命令“alter pluggable database all open”以使其进入读写模式。您的错误表明这里没有发生这种情况。检查此链接以获取有关如何执行此操作的详细信息： https://oracle-base.com/articles/12c/multitenant-startup-and-shutdown-cdb-and-pdb-12cr1#:~:text=Pluggable%20Database%20(PDB)%20Automatic%20Startup,-The%2012.1.&text=Prior%20to%2012.1.,or%20all%20of%20the%20PDBs.

Answer 2

我的容器是从头开始构建的 Oracle 18 xe 来源：github。

$ docker ps
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE                       COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS                 PORTS                                                                          NAMES
13afebdbdbdc        oracle/database:18.4.0-xe   "/bin/sh -c 'exec $O…"   8 hours ago         Up 7 hours (healthy)   



   $ docker exec -it xedb  ps -ef | grep xe
    oracle    1736     1  0 09:42 ?        00:00:01 xe_pmon_XE
    oracle    1738     1  0 09:42 ?        00:00:00 xe_clmn_XE
    ------------------------
    59 lines......
$ docker exec -it --user=oracle xedb sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 18.0.0.0.0 - Production on Thu Jun 18 15:45:11 2020
Version 18.4.0.0.0

Copyright (c) 1982, 2018, Oracle.  All rights reserved.


Connected to:
Oracle Database 18c Express Edition Release 18.0.0.0.0 - Production
Version 18.4.0.0.0

SQL> show con_name   -- container name

NAME
------------------------------
CDB$ROOT



 SQL> show pdbs

        CON_ID CON_NAME                       OPEN MODE  RESTRICTED
    ---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------
             2 PDB$SEED                       READ ONLY  NO
             3 XEPDB1                         READ WRITE NO
    SQL>

实例已启动并运行以及可插拔数据库

如果您无法从 docker 终端以 sysdba 身份登录。您可以尝试使用 bash 命令

$ docker exec -it --user=oracle xedb  bash
[oracle@13afebdbdbdc /]$

如果作为 Oracle 用户排除 --user 参数不起作用，请使用 bash 命令

$ docker exec -it xedb  bash
bash-4.2# su oracle   -- switch oracle user 
[oracle@13afebdbdbdc /]$ echo $ORACLE_HOME   -- verify environment
/opt/oracle/product/18c/dbhomeXE
[oracle@13afebdbdbdc /]$ echo $ORACLE_SID
 XE

如果您的环境没有返回任何内容，您可以使用以下命令设置环境

    [oracle@13afebdbdbdc /]$ . oraenv   -- dot space oraenv
    ORACLE_SID = [XE] ?
    The Oracle base remains unchanged with value /opt/oracle
    [oracle@13afebdbdbdc /]$ rlwrap sqlplus / as sysdba

    SQL*Plus: Release 18.0.0.0.0 - Production on Thu Jun 18 15:58:39 2020
    Version 18.4.0.0.0

    Copyright (c) 1982, 2018, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

    Connected to an idle instance

     SQL> startup    -- start the database
    ORACLE instance started.

     Total System Global Area 1610609288 bytes
     Fixed Size                  8897160 bytes
     Variable Size             620756992 bytes
     Database Buffers          973078528 bytes
     Redo Buffers                7876608 bytes
     Database mounted.
     Database opened.
SQL> select open_mode from v$database;  -- check database status 

OPEN_MODE
--------------------
READ WRITE


SQL> show pdbs     -- check pdb open mode is read write

    CON_ID CON_NAME                       OPEN MODE  RESTRICTED
---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------
         2 PDB$SEED                       READ ONLY  NO
         3 XEPDB1                         READ WRITE NO

如果你碰巧看到 Pluggable 数据库处于挂载状态

SQL> show pdbs      -- pdb xepdb1 is in mount state 

    CON_ID CON_NAME                       OPEN MODE  RESTRICTED
---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------
         2 PDB$SEED                       READ ONLY  NO
         3 XEPDB1                         MOUNTED
SQL> alter pluggable database xepdb1 open;   -- open pdb 


Pluggable database altered.

SQL> show pdbs

    CON_ID CON_NAME                       OPEN MODE  RESTRICTED
---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------
         2 PDB$SEED                       READ ONLY  NO
         3 XEPDB1                         READ WRITE NO

SQL> alter pluggable database xepdb1 save state ; --------next restart pdb will be opened automagically 


Pluggable database altered.