部署后无法访问 Google App Engine 中的 Spring Boot 应用程序答案

【问题标题】：Unable to access Spring Boot application in Google App Engine after deployment部署后无法访问 Google App Engine 中的 Spring Boot 应用程序
【发布时间】：2017-12-09 20:19:25
【问题描述】：

我是 Google App Engine 的新手。

我一直在尝试将练习部署到 Google Cloud。

如果您想详细查看配置，这是项目：

Exercise Project to Deploy

这个项目是用 Java 8 和 Spring Boot 制作的。

这是 pom.xml

<parent>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
    <version>1.5.9.RELEASE</version>
    <relativePath/>
</parent>

<properties>
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
    <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
    <!-- dependency versions -->
    <com.google.guava.guava.version>21.0</com.google.guava.guava.version>
    <io.springfox.springfox-swagger2>2.3.1</io.springfox.springfox-swagger2>
    <io.springfox.springfox-swagger-ui>2.3.1</io.springfox.springfox-swagger-ui>
    <commons-lang.version>3.0</commons-lang.version>
    <junit.version>4.12</junit.version>
    <jsonpath.version>2.2.0</jsonpath.version>
</properties>

<dependencies>

    <!-- For default Spring Boot utilities -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        <exclusions>
            <exclusion>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId>
            </exclusion>
        </exclusions>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
    </dependency>

    <!-- For testing possibility -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
        <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>

    <!-- For all mvc and web functions -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
    </dependency>

    <!-- Default persistence functions -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
        <artifactId>hibernate-java8</artifactId>
        <version>5.0.5.Final</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- In-Memory DB -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.h2database</groupId>
        <artifactId>h2</artifactId>
        <scope>runtime</scope>
    </dependency>

    <!-- Java Utilities from google -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.google.guava</groupId>
        <artifactId>guava</artifactId>
        <version>${com.google.guava.guava.version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- Include swagger for API description -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>io.springfox</groupId>
        <artifactId>springfox-swagger2</artifactId>
        <version>${io.springfox.springfox-swagger2}</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- Include swagger for API description UI -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>io.springfox</groupId>
        <artifactId>springfox-swagger-ui</artifactId>
        <version>${io.springfox.springfox-swagger-ui}</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- Commons-lang3 -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
        <artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
        <version>${commons-lang.version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- Unit testing -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>junit</groupId>
        <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
        <version>${junit.version}</version>
        <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.jayway.jsonpath</groupId>
        <artifactId>json-path</artifactId>
        <version>${jsonpath.version}</version>
        <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>

    <!-- Google cloud -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
        <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
        <version>3.1.0</version>
        <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
        <artifactId>jul-to-slf4j</artifactId>
        <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId>
        <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>

</dependencies>

<build>
    <plugins>
        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>1.5.7.RELEASE</version>
            <executions>
                <execution>
                    <goals>
                        <goal>repackage</goal>
                    </goals>
                </execution>
            </executions>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
            <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>2.6</version>
            <configuration>
                <failOnMissingWebXml>false</failOnMissingWebXml>
            </configuration>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
            <groupId>com.google.cloud.tools</groupId>
            <artifactId>appengine-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>1.3.2</version>
        </plugin>
    </plugins>
</build>

这是 app.yaml

runtime: java
env: flex

runtime_config:  # Optional
  jdk: openjdk8

handlers:
- url: /.*
  script: this field is required, but ignored

manual_scaling:
  instances: 1

这是 appengine-web.xml

<appengine-web-app xmlns="http://appengine.google.com/ns/1.0">
    <version>1</version>
    <threadsafe>true</threadsafe>
    <runtime>java8</runtime>
</appengine-web-app>

我没有提供 web.xml

我可以使用以下命令进行部署：

mvn appengine:run

这是控制台输出。我好像部署成功了：

[INFO] GCLOUD: 2017-12-09 16:48:39.319:INFO::main: Logging initialized @501ms
[INFO] GCLOUD: 2017-12-09 16:48:39.867:INFO:oejs.Server:main: jetty-9.3.18.v20170406
[INFO] GCLOUD: 2017-12-09 16:48:45.673:INFO:oeja.AnnotationConfiguration:main: Scanning elapsed time=5286ms
[INFO] GCLOUD: Dec 09, 2017 7:48:45 PM com.google.appengine.tools.development.ApiProxyLocalImpl log
[INFO] GCLOUD: INFO: javax.servlet.ServletContext log: 1 Spring WebApplicationInitializers detected on classpath
[INFO] GCLOUD: 2017-12-09 16:48:46.541:INFO:oejsh.ContextHandler:main: Started c.g.a.t.d.j.DevAppEngineWebAppContext@7bd7d6d6{/,[file:///home/sebastiandagostino/mutant-api-exercise/target/mutant-exercise-1.0-SNAPS
HOT/, jar:file:///home/sebastiandagostino/mutant-api-exercise/target/mutant-exercise-1.0-SNAPSHOT/WEB-INF/lib/springfox-swagger-ui-2.3.1.jar!/META-INF/resources],AVAILABLE}{/home/sebastiandagostino/mutant-api-exer
cise/target/mutant-exercise-1.0-SNAPSHOT}
[INFO] GCLOUD: 2017-12-09 16:48:46.558:INFO:oejs.AbstractConnector:main: Started NetworkTrafficSelectChannelConnector@4722ef0c{HTTP/1.1,[http/1.1]}{localhost:8080}
[INFO] GCLOUD: 2017-12-09 16:48:46.561:INFO:oejs.Server:main: Started @7745ms
[INFO] GCLOUD: Dec 09, 2017 7:48:46 PM com.google.appengine.tools.development.AbstractModule startup
[INFO] GCLOUD: INFO: Module instance default is running at http://localhost:8080/
[INFO] GCLOUD: Dec 09, 2017 7:48:46 PM com.google.appengine.tools.development.AbstractModule startup
[INFO] GCLOUD: INFO: The admin console is running at http://localhost:8080/_ah/admin
[INFO] GCLOUD: Dec 09, 2017 4:48:46 PM com.google.appengine.tools.development.DevAppServerImpl doStart
[INFO] GCLOUD: INFO: Dev App Server is now running

当我尝试从预览访问 URL 时，我收到 错误 403。

然后我运行：

gcloud app deploy

为了使 gcloud 命令正常工作，我将 app.yaml 复制到 target 文件夹。

我得到 404 Not Found。我什至检查了日志：

Waiting for new log entries...
2017-12-09 20:09:52 default[20171209t170858]  "GET / HTTP/1.1" 404
2017-12-09 20:10:13 default[20171209t170858]  "GET / HTTP/1.1" 404
2017-12-09 20:10:15 default[20171209t170858]  "GET / HTTP/1.1" 404
2017-12-09 20:10:16 default[20171209t170858]  "GET / HTTP/1.1" 404
2017-12-09 20:10:16 default[20171209t170858]  "GET / HTTP/1.1" 404
2017-12-09 20:10:16 default[20171209t170858]  "GET / HTTP/1.1" 404
2017-12-09 20:10:16 default[20171209t170858]  "GET / HTTP/1.1" 404
2017-12-09 20:10:16 default[20171209t170858]  "GET / HTTP/1.1" 404
2017-12-09 20:10:17 default[20171209t170858]  "GET / HTTP/1.1" 404
2017-12-09 20:10:17 default[20171209t170858]  "GET / HTTP/1.1" 404
2017-12-09 20:10:17 default[20171209t170858]  "GET / HTTP/1.1" 404
2017-12-09 20:10:17 default[20171209t170858]  "GET / HTTP/1.1" 404
2017-12-09 20:10:19 default[20171209t170858]  "GET / HTTP/1.1" 404
2017-12-09 20:10:23 default[20171209t170858]  "GET /swagger HTTP/1.1" 404
2017-12-09 20:10:38 default[20171209t170858]  "GET / HTTP/1.1" 404
2017-12-09 20:10:44 default[20171209t170858]  "GET / HTTP/1.1" 404
2017-12-09 20:11:22 default[20171209t170858]  "GET / HTTP/1.1" 404

所以，应用程序编译和部署......但有些配置问题。我一直在寻找，但仍然没有任何线索。

Here 声明我需要添加以下类：

public class ServletInitializer extends SpringBootServletInitializer {

    @Override
    protected SpringApplicationBuilder configure(SpringApplicationBuilder application) {
        return application.sources(MutantApplication.class);
    }

}

我这样做了，但是编译失败：

[INFO] GCLOUD: 20:37:33.990 [main] DEBUG org.springframework.web.context.support.StandardServletEnvironment - Replacing PropertySource 'servletContextInitParams' with 'servletContextInitParams'
[INFO] GCLOUD: 20:37:34.056 [main] DEBUG org.springframework.boot.devtools.settings.DevToolsSettings - Included patterns for restart : []
[INFO] GCLOUD: 20:37:34.057 [main] DEBUG org.springframework.boot.devtools.settings.DevToolsSettings - Excluded patterns for restart : [/spring-boot-starter/target/classes/, /spring-boot-autoconfigure/target/classes/, /spring-boot-starter-[\w-]+/, /spring-boot/target/classes/, /spring-boot-actuator/target/classes/, /spring-boot-devtools/target/classes/]
[INFO] GCLOUD: 20:37:34.057 [main] DEBUG org.springframework.boot.devtools.restart.ChangeableUrls - Matching URLs for reloading : [file:/C:/Users/Sebastian/workspace/mutant-exercise/target/mutant-exercise-1.0-SNAPSHOT/WEB-INF/classes/]
[INFO] GCLOUD: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Unable to find the main class to restart
[INFO] GCLOUD:  at org.springframework.util.Assert.notNull(Assert.java:134)
[INFO] GCLOUD:  at org.springframework.boot.devtools.restart.Restarter.doStart(Restarter.java:285)
[INFO] GCLOUD:  at org.springframework.boot.devtools.restart.Restarter.start(Restarter.java:273)
[INFO] GCLOUD:  at org.springframework.boot.devtools.restart.Restarter$1.call(Restarter.java:174)
[INFO] GCLOUD:  at org.springframework.boot.devtools.restart.Restarter$1.call(Restarter.java:170)
[INFO] GCLOUD:  at org.springframework.boot.devtools.restart.Restarter$LeakSafeThread.run(Restarter.java:627)
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD FAILURE
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time: 21.114 s
[INFO] Finished at: 2017-12-09T17:37:34-03:00
[INFO] Final Memory: 39M/263M
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[ERROR] Failed to execute goal com.google.cloud.tools:appengine-maven-plugin:1.3.2:run (default-cli) on project mutant-exercise: Execution default-cli of goal com.google.cloud.tools:appengine-maven-plugin:1.3.2:run failed: Non zero exit: 1 -> [Help 1]

这很奇怪。它说它找不到主类。

【问题讨论】：

我认为您正在混淆标准和弹性环境文档。见stackoverflow.com/questions/45842772/…
@DanCornilescu 你能给我一个直接的文件来制作一个已经构建好的 Spring Boot 项目吗？我刚刚克隆了github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/getting-started-java.git，并尝试从那里运行示例 Spring Boot Hello World，我得到：Dev App Server 不支持 App Engine 柔性环境应用程序
很遗憾，我自己也是 python 用户，
你试过下面的答案吗？

标签： java spring google-app-engine spring-boot java-8

【解决方案1】：

按照以下步骤在 App Engine 标准中部署它：

克隆 git repo https://github.com/sebastiandagostino/mutant-api-exercise.git

为您的操作系统下载并安装 STS：https://spring.io/tools/sts/all

一旦安装并运行。单击“帮助 -> Eclipse Marketplace”并搜索 Google Cloud 插件。安装它。

安装 Google Cloud SDK（我使用的是 linux 指令）https://cloud.google.com/sdk/downloads#interactive

安装 app-engine-java 组件，查看here，然后查看here

在 Google Cloud Platform 中安装组件并进行身份验证后。在 Eclipse 中，单击“窗口 -> 首选项”并单击 Google Cloud Tools（这些是 Google Cloud 插件的首选项）。在 SDK 位置中，选择您安装 SDK 的文件夹。见下图。

现在您可以使用 sts 导入项目了：

选择“新建..项目：Google App Engine 标准项目”。

点击下一步。取消选中“使用默认位置”，以便您可以选择包含您下载的 git 项目的文件夹。

导入后。右键单击项目名称并转到“配置 -> 转换为 maven 项目”

maven 解决所有导入后，再次右键单击项目名称并选择“部署到应用引擎标准”。将打开一个窗口，您必须在其中验证您的帐户并选择一个 Google Cloud 项目。

部署完成后你应该可以去https://your-project-id.appspot.com/

【讨论】：