错误：视图中的 order by 子句无效

Question

我在尝试基于 4 个表构建视图的 SQL Server 14 中遇到以下错误

ORDER BY 子句在视图、内联函数、派生中无效 表、子查询和公用表表达式，除非 TOP、OFFSET 或 FOR XML 也被指定

如何解决以下问题，以免出现此错误？

SELECT        dbo.PS_Proj.[Project ID],
            case 
            when PS_Proj.[City Name] is not null then  concat(PS_Proj.[City Name], ' ', PS_Proj.[State])
            when PS_Billing.[Location] is not null then max(PS_Billing.[Location])
            when PS_Time.[Labor Location ID] is not null then max(PS_Location.[Labor Location Name])
            else null
            end AS [Location]
FROM        dbo.PS_Location RIGHT OUTER JOIN
                     dbo.PS_Time ON dbo.PS_Location.[Labor Location ID] = dbo.PS_Time.[Labor Location ID] RIGHT OUTER JOIN
                     dbo.PS_Proj ON dbo.PS_Time.[Project ID] = dbo.PS_Proj.[Project ID] LEFT OUTER JOIN
                     dbo.PS_Billing ON dbo.PS_Proj.[Project ID] = dbo.PS_Billing.[Project ID]
ORDER BY    PS_Billing.[T/S Date], PS_Time.[Date]

我想显示最近的 PS_Billing 位置，如果它为空，则显示最近的 PS_Time 位置。

Answer 1

在没有 Order By 的情况下创建您的视图。删除 ORDER BY PS_Billing.[T/S Date], PS_Time.[Date] 并将它们添加到您的 SELECT 中。

SELECT     
PS_Billing.[T/S Date] AS TsDate, 
PS_Time.[Date] AS Date,
 dbo.PS_Proj.[Project ID],
            case 
            when PS_Proj.[City Name] is not null then  concat(PS_Proj.[City Name], ' ', PS_Proj.[State])
            when PS_Billing.[Location] is not null then max(PS_Billing.[Location])
            when PS_Time.[Labor Location ID] is not null then max(PS_Location.[Labor Location Name])
            else null
            end AS [Location]
FROM        dbo.PS_Location RIGHT OUTER JOIN
                     dbo.PS_Time ON dbo.PS_Location.[Labor Location ID] = dbo.PS_Time.[Labor Location ID] RIGHT OUTER JOIN
                     dbo.PS_Proj ON dbo.PS_Time.[Project ID] = dbo.PS_Proj.[Project ID] LEFT OUTER JOIN
                     dbo.PS_Billing ON dbo.PS_Proj.[Project ID] = dbo.PS_Billing.[Project ID] 

并从您的视图中按行顺序选择

Select FROM YOUR_VIEW_NAME as V
Order By V.TsDate, V.Date

Answer 2

您的案例表达式中有一些聚合数据，但您没有分组依据。我在这里做一些猜测。此外，您应该养成使用别名的习惯，这会使事情变得简单得多。我还建议不要在列名中添加空格，因为它会迫使您不断将列括在方括号中。

这样的事情应该会让你接近。

SELECT p.[Project ID]
    , MAX(case 
        when p.[City Name] is not null then concat(p.[City Name], ' ', p.[State])
        when b.[Location] is not null then b.[Location]
        when t.[Labor Location ID] is not null then l.[Labor Location Name]
        else null
    end) AS [Location]
FROM dbo.PS_Location l
RIGHT OUTER JOIN dbo.PS_Time t ON l.[Labor Location ID] = t.[Labor Location ID] 
RIGHT OUTER JOIN dbo.PS_Proj  p ON t.[Project ID] = p.[Project ID]
LEFT OUTER JOIN dbo.PS_Billing b ON p.[Project ID] = b.[Project ID]
GROUP BY p.[Project ID]