asp.net mvc 控制器中的文件上传错误（“HttpRequestMessage”不包含“文件”的定义

Question

我有一个用于上传的输入元素的控制器链接。在我的控制器中，我收到一个我不太理解的奇怪错误。严重性代码描述项目路径文件行抑制状态

错误 CS1061 'HttpRequestMessage' 不包含对 “文件”和没有可访问的扩展方法“文件”接受第一个 可以找到“HttpRequestMessage”类型的参数（您是否缺少 using 指令或程序集 参考？）SimSentinel C:\Users\tsach\Source\Workspaces\SIMSentinelv2\Website\SimSentinel\SimSentinel\Controllers C:\Users\tsach\Source\Workspaces\SIMSentinelv2\Website\SimSentinel\SimSentinel\Controllers\BulkSMSUploadController.cs

    using System.Data;
    using System.Linq;
    using System.Web.Http;
    using System.Web.Security;
    using Repositories.Interfaces;
    using Repositories.Interfaces.Dtos;
    using SimSentinel.Models;
    using System;
    using System.Text.RegularExpressions;
    using Newtonsoft.Json.Linq;
    using Newtonsoft.Json.Schema;
    using System;
    using System.Collections.Generic;
    using System.IO;
    using System.Linq;
    using System.Web;
    using System.Web.Mvc;
    //using System.Web.Http.HttpPut;


    namespace SimSentinel.Controllers
    {
        [System.Web.Http.Authorize]
        public class BulkSMSUploadController : ApiController
        {
          public ActionResult Index()
          {
             //ViewBag.Message = "Modify this template to jump-start your ASP.NET MVC application.";

             //return View();
             return null; 
          }

          [System.Web.Mvc.HttpPost]
          public ActionResult UploadFiles()
          {
             if (Request.Files.Count <= 0)
             {
                return Json("No files selected.");
             }
             else
             {
                try
                {
                   HttpFileCollectionBase files = Request.Files;
                   for (int i = 0; i < files.Count; i++)
                   {
                      string path = AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory + "Uploads/";
                      string filename = Path.GetFileName(Request.Files[i].FileName);

                      HttpPostedFileBase file = files[i];
                      string fname;
                      if (Request.Browser.Browser.ToUpper() == "IE" || Request.Browser.Browser.ToUpper() == "INTERNETEXPLORER")
                      {
                         string[] testfiles = file.FileName.Split(new char[] { '\\' });
                         fname = testfiles[testfiles.Length - 1];
                      }
                      else
                      {
                         fname = file.FileName;
                      }

                      fname = Path.Combine(Server.MapPath("~/Uploads/"), fname);
                      file.SaveAs(fname);
                   }

                   return Json("File Uploaded Successfully!");
                }
                catch (Exception ex)
                {
                   return Json("Error occurred. Error details: " + ex.Message);
                }
             }
          }

          //public ActionResult About()
          //{
          //   ViewBag.Message = "Your app description page.";

          //   return View();
          //}
       }
    }

所以在这一切之后，我已经调整了我的控制器。请参阅下面的代码，但它会重定向到实际的控制器，这是 SPA 应用程序中的一个问题。此外，该文件还以奇怪的格式保存，几乎就像随机生成的字符串，如 BodyPart_2ea18b56-0c11-41f6-81ff-204bb377cbbf

using System.Diagnostics;
using System.Net;
using System.Net.Http;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Http;

public class Upload2Controller : ApiController
{
   public async Task<HttpResponseMessage> PostFormData()
   {
      // Check if the request contains multipart/form-data.
      if (!Request.Content.IsMimeMultipartContent())
      {
         throw new HttpResponseException(HttpStatusCode.UnsupportedMediaType);
      }

      string root = HttpContext.Current.Server.MapPath("~/Files");
      var provider = new MultipartFormDataStreamProvider(root);

      try
      {
         // Read the form data.
         await Request.Content.ReadAsMultipartAsync(provider);

         // This illustrates how to get the file names.
         foreach (MultipartFileData file in provider.FileData)
         {
            Trace.WriteLine(file.Headers.ContentDisposition.FileName);
            Trace.WriteLine("Server file path: " + file.LocalFileName);
         }
         return Request.CreateResponse(HttpStatusCode.OK);
      }
      catch (System.Exception e)
      {
         return Request.CreateErrorResponse(HttpStatusCode.InternalServerError, e);
      }
   }

}

Answer 1

您应该小心以下步骤。

• 确保您的表单 html 元素具有 enctype = "multipart/form-data" 所以它应该类似于<form action="someaction" enctype = "multipart/form-data"> </form>

我通常使用 html helper..

@using (Html.BeginForm("Index", "JobApplication", FormMethod.Post, new { @enctype = "multipart/form-data", @id = "myForm", @class = "form-horizontal" }))
    {
// your input datas
}

• 如果你想发布图片或一些文档，而不是使用请求，你应该在你的 ViewModel 中使用public HttpPostedFileBase File { get; set; }。然后您就可以轻松地在剃须刀上使用它了。

  @Html.TextBoxFor(m => m.File, new { @type = "file", @onchange = "SomeValidationOnClientSide(this);"})

在后端，您可以验证您的案例。就我而言，我只接受 PDF 文件..

if ((from file in model.Files where file != null select file.FileName.Split('.')).Any(arr => arr[arr.Length - 1].ToLower() != "pdf"))
        {
            ModelState.AddModelError(string.Empty, "We only accept PDF files!");
            return View(model);
        }
        if (model.Files.Count() > 2)
        {
            ModelState.AddModelError(string.Empty,
                "You have exceeded maximum file upload size. You can upload maximum 2 PDF file!");
            return View(model);
        }

编辑：我看到您实现了 ApiController 而不是 Contoller。所以我了解到您正在开发 WEB.API，您也应该将其添加到问题标签中。

如果你想开发 ApiController，你应该发送 byte[] 并将这个 byte[] 处理到你的 apiController 中。

Answer 2

据我所知，您的控制器实现了 Web API 控制器（即使用 ApiController.Request），其定义如下所示：

public System.Net.Http.HttpRequestMessage Request { get; set; }

返回类型是HttpRequestMessage，它没有Files 属性，而不是预期的HttpRequestBase，它实现为以下Controller.Request 属性的返回类型：

public System.Web.HttpRequestBase Request { get; }

要解决这个问题，你需要从System.Web.Mvc.Controller基类继承，并将Web API请求移动到另一个继承ApiController的类，因为你不能在同一个类上同时继承System.Web.Mvc.Controller和System.Web.Http.ApiController：

namespace SimSentinel.Controllers
{
   public class BulkSMSUploadController : Controller
   {
      [System.Web.Mvc.HttpPost]
      public ActionResult UploadFiles()
      {
         if (Request.Files.Count <= 0)
         {
            return Json("No files selected.");
         }
         else
         {
            try
            {
               HttpFileCollectionBase files = Request.Files;
               for (int i = 0; i < files.Count; i++)
               {
                  string path = AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory + "Uploads/";
                  string filename = Path.GetFileName(Request.Files[i].FileName);

                  HttpPostedFileBase file = files[i];
                  string fname;
                  if (Request.Browser.Browser.ToUpper() == "IE" || Request.Browser.Browser.ToUpper() == "INTERNETEXPLORER")
                  {
                     string[] testfiles = file.FileName.Split(new char[] { '\\' });
                     fname = testfiles[testfiles.Length - 1];
                  }
                  else
                  {
                     fname = file.FileName;
                  }

                  fname = Path.Combine(Server.MapPath("~/Uploads/"), fname);
                  file.SaveAs(fname);
               }

               return Json("File Uploaded Successfully!");
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
               return Json("Error occurred. Error details: " + ex.Message);
            }
         }
      }
   }

   [System.Web.Http.Authorize]
   public class BulkSMSUploadWebApiController : ApiController
   {
       public IHttpActionResult Index()
       {
           return null; 
       }
   }
}

如果您想使用 Web API 控制器上传文件，您应该使用HttpResponseMessage 来检索文件详细信息，如this example 中提供的MultipartFileData（确保您首先检查IsMimeMultipartContent）。