在 Mac 上诊断和修复 ruby​​ gem 错误的最佳方法

Question

（已编辑以包含完整的错误消息）

突然任何 gem 命令抛出以下错误：

/usr/local/Cellar/ruby/2.0.0-p353/lib/ruby/gems/2.0.0/extensions/x86_64-darwin-12/2.0.0/psych-2.0.6/psych.bundle： [BUG] 分段错误 ruby 2.0.0p353（2013-11-22 修订版 43784）[x86_64-darwin12.5.0]

-- 崩溃报告日志信息 ----------------------------------------- ---

请参阅以下之一下的崩溃报告日志文件： * ~/库/日志/CrashReporter * /库/日志/CrashReporter * ~/库/日志/DiagnosticReports * /库/日志/诊断报告 更详细的。

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c:0014 p:-17529742134590 s:0075 e:000074 TOP [完成]

c:0013 p:---- s:0073 e:000072 CFUNC :require c:0012 p:0115 s:0069 e:000068 方法 /usr/local/Cellar/ruby/2.0.0-p353/lib/ruby/site_ruby/2.0.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:55 c:0011 p:0007 s:0059 e:000058 TOP /usr/local/Cellar/ruby/2.0.0-p353/lib/ruby/gems/2.0.0/gems/psych-2.0.6/lib/psych. rb:1 [完成] c:0010 p:---- s:0057 e:000056 CFUNC : 要求 c:0009 p:0115 s:0053 e:000052 方法 /usr/local/Cellar/ruby/2.0.0-p353/lib/ruby/site_ruby/2.0.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:55 c:0008 p:0078 s:0043 e:000042 方法 /usr/local/Cellar/ruby/2.0.0-p353/lib/ruby/site_ruby/2.0.0/rubygems.rb:601 c:0007 p:0013 s:0039 e:000038 方法 /usr/local/Cellar/ruby/2.0.0-p353/lib/ruby/site_ruby/2.0.0/rubygems/config_file.rb:328 c:0006 p:0145 s:0033 e:000032 方法 /usr/local/Cellar/ruby/2.0.0-p353/lib/ruby/site_ruby/2.0.0/rubygems/config_file.rb:197 [完成] c:0005 p:---- s:0022 e:000021 CFUNC :new c:0004 p:0018 s:0018 e:000016 方法 /usr/local/Cellar/ruby/2.0.0-p353/lib/ruby/site_ruby/2.0.0/rubygems/gem_runner.rb:74 c:0003 p:0018 s:0013 e:000012 方法 /usr/local/Cellar/ruby/2.0.0-p353/lib/ruby/site_ruby/2.0.0/rubygems/gem_runner.rb:39 c:0002 p:0115 s:0007 E:0015e0 EVAL /usr/local/Cellar/ruby/2.0.0-p353/bin/gem:21 [完成] c:0001 p:0000 s:0002 E:000278 TOP [完成]

/usr/local/Cellar/ruby/2.0.0-p353/bin/gem:21:in <main>' /usr/local/Cellar/ruby/2.0.0-p353/lib/ruby/site_ruby/2.0.0/rubygems/gem_runner.rb:39:inrun' /usr/local/Cellar/ruby/2.0.0-p353/lib/ruby/site_ruby/2.0.0/rubygems/gem_runner.rb:74:in do_configuration' /usr/local/Cellar/ruby/2.0.0-p353/lib/ruby/site_ruby/2.0.0/rubygems/gem_runner.rb:74:innew' /usr/local/Cellar/ruby/2.0.0-p353/lib/ruby/site_ruby/2.0.0/rubygems/config_file.rb:197:in initialize' /usr/local/Cellar/ruby/2.0.0-p353/lib/ruby/site_ruby/2.0.0/rubygems/config_file.rb:328:inload_file' /usr/local/Cellar/ruby/2.0.0-p353/lib/ruby/site_ruby/2.0.0/rubygems.rb:601:in load_yaml' /usr/local/Cellar/ruby/2.0.0-p353/lib/ruby/site_ruby/2.0.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:55:inrequire' /usr/local/Cellar/ruby/2.0.0-p353/lib/ruby/site_ruby/2.0.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:55:in require' /usr/local/Cellar/ruby/2.0.0-p353/lib/ruby/gems/2.0.0/gems/psych-2.0.6/lib/psych.rb:1:in' /usr/local/Cellar/ruby/2.0.0-p353/lib/ruby/site_ruby/2.0.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:55:in require' /usr/local/Cellar/ruby/2.0.0-p353/lib/ruby/site_ruby/2.0.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:55:inrequire'

-- C级回溯信息------------------------------------------ --

-- 其他运行时信息 ------------------------------------------ -----

• 加载的脚本：/usr/local/Cellar/ruby/2.0.0-p353/bin/gem

• 加载的功能：

  0 枚举器.so 1 /usr/local/Cellar/ruby/2.0.0-p353/lib/ruby/2.0.0/x86_64-darwin12.5.0/enc/encdb.bundle 2 /usr/local/Cellar/ruby/2.0.0-p353/lib/ruby/2.0.0/x86_64-darwin12.5.0/enc/trans/transdb.bundle 3 /usr/local/Cellar/ruby/2.0.0-p353/lib/ruby/2.0.0/x86_64-darwin12.5.0/rbconfig.rb 4 /usr/local/Cellar/ruby/2.0.0-p353/lib/ruby/site_ruby/2.0.0/rubygems/compatibility.rb 5 /usr/local/Cellar/ruby/2.0.0-p353/lib/ruby/site_ruby/2.0.0/rubygems/defaults.rb 6 /usr/local/Cellar/ruby/2.0.0-p353/lib/ruby/site_ruby/2.0.0/rubygems/deprecate.rb 7 /usr/local/Cellar/ruby/2.0.0-p353/lib/ruby/site_ruby/2.0.0/rubygems/errors.rb 8 /usr/local/Cellar/ruby/2.0.0-p353/lib/ruby/site_ruby/2.0.0/rubygems/version.rb 9 /usr/local/Cellar/ruby/2.0.0-p353/lib/ruby/site_ruby/2.0.0/rubygems/requirement.rb 10 /usr/local/Cellar/ruby/2.0.0-p353/lib/ruby/site_ruby/2.0.0/rubygems/platform.rb 11 /usr/local/Cellar/ruby/2.0.0-p353/lib/ruby/site_ruby/2.0.0/rubygems/basic_specification.rb 12 /usr/local/Cellar/ruby/2.0.0-p353/lib/ruby/site_ruby/2.0.0/rubygems/stub_specification.rb 13 /usr/local/Cellar/ruby/2.0.0-p353/lib/ruby/site_ruby/2.0.0/rubygems/util/stringio.rb 14 /usr/local/Cellar/ruby/2.0.0-p353/lib/ruby/site_ruby/2.0.0/rubygems/specification.rb 15 /usr/local/Cellar/ruby/2.0.0-p353/lib/ruby/site_ruby/2.0.0/rubygems/exceptions.rb 16 /usr/local/Cellar/ruby/2.0.0-p353/lib/ruby/site_ruby/2.0.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_gem.rb 17 /usr/local/Cellar/ruby/2.0.0-p353/lib/ruby/2.0.0/thread.rb 18 /usr/local/Cellar/ruby/2.0.0-p353/lib/ruby/2.0.0/monitor.rb 19 /usr/local/Cellar/ruby/2.0.0-p353/lib/ruby/site_ruby/2.0.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb 20 /usr/local/Cellar/ruby/2.0.0-p353/lib/ruby/site_ruby/2.0.0/rubygems.rb 21 /usr/local/Cellar/ruby/2.0.0-p353/lib/ruby/2.0.0/optparse.rb 22 /usr/local/Cellar/ruby/2.0.0-p353/lib/ruby/2.0.0/x86_64-darwin12.5.0/io/console.bundle 23 /usr/local/Cellar/ruby/2.0.0-p353/lib/ruby/site_ruby/2.0.0/rubygems/user_interaction.rb 24 /usr/local/Cellar/ruby/2.0.0-p353/lib/ruby/site_ruby/2.0.0/rubygems/command.rb 25 /usr/local/Cellar/ruby/2.0.0-p353/lib/ruby/site_ruby/2.0.0/rubygems/command_manager.rb 26 /usr/local/Cellar/ruby/2.0.0-p353/lib/ruby/2.0.0/x86_64-darwin12.5.0/etc.bundle 27 /usr/local/Cellar/ruby/2.0.0-p353/lib/ruby/site_ruby/2.0.0/rubygems/config_file.rb 28 /usr/local/Cellar/ruby/2.0.0-p353/lib/ruby/site_ruby/2.0.0/rubygems/path_support.rb 29 /usr/local/Cellar/ruby/2.0.0-p353/lib/ruby/site_ruby/2.0.0/rubygems/dependency.rb 30 /usr/local/Cellar/ruby/2.0.0-p353/lib/ruby/site_ruby/2.0.0/rubygems/gem_runner.rb

[注意] 您可能在 Ruby 解释器或扩展库中遇到了错误。 欢迎提交错误报告。 详情：http://www.ruby-lang.org/bugreport.html

中止陷阱：6

非常感谢任何见解。

Answer 1

在 cmets 中，OP 说：

实际上，检查应用程序/更新似乎我的 Xcode 已更新。但是我还没有升级到优胜美地。

升级到 Apple 的 Xcode 可能会以令人惊讶的方式破坏事情。每当更新 Xcode 或升级 OS X 系统库时，通常可以帮助执行以下部分或全部操作：

1. 接受新的 Xcode 许可协议。即使您之前已接受该协议，您也需要在每次升级后执行此操作。
2. 再次安装 Xcode 命令行工具。
3. 重新安装所有非系统 Ruby 版本，并使用本机扩展重新编译 gem。