即使会话因 WebDriverException 失败，Chrome 浏览窗口仍保持打开状态

Question

我将 selenium 3.141.59 与 chrome 79 和 chromedriver 79 一起使用。随机我从 RemoteWebDriver.get(url); 收到一个异常，并且该会话从 selenium 服务器中删除。但是 Chrome 窗口保持打开状态。因此，我无法使用相同的用户目录创建新会话。在我每次尝试创建新会话时，chrome 窗口都会打开，但会话创建失败。所以那些所有打开的 Chrome 窗口都会导致内存泄漏！我试图从服务器设置超时和浏览器超时，但它没有帮助。知道发生了什么吗？

我正在通过以下方式启动服务器：

java -jar -Dselenium.LOGGER.level=ALL selenium-server-standalone-3.141.59.jar -timeout 250 -browserTimeout 300

我随机得到的异常：

Caused by: org.openqa.selenium.WebDriverException: java.net.ConnectException: Connection refused (Connection refused)
Build info: version: '3.141.59', revision: 'e82be7d358', time: '2018-11-14T08:17:03'
System info: host: 'myhost', ip: 'myip', os.name: 'Linux', os.arch: 'amd64', os.version: '4.14.154-128.181.amzn2.x86_64', java.version: '1.8.0_201'
Driver info: mypackage.SeleniumHelper$2
Capabilities {acceptInsecureCerts: false, browserName: chrome, browserVersion: 79.0.3945.88, chrome: {chromedriverVersion: 79.0.3945.36 (3582db32b3389..., userDataDir: /var/tmp/username...}, goog:chromeOptions: {debuggerAddress: localhost:35341}, javascriptEnabled: true, networkConnectionEnabled: false, pageLoadStrategy: normal, platform: LINUX, platformName: LINUX, proxy: Proxy(), setWindowRect: true, strictFileInteractability: false, timeouts: {implicit: 0, pageLoad: 300000, script: 30000}, unhandledPromptBehavior: dismiss and notify, webdriver.remote.sessionid: 66ddc30a30affc4ba52a539bc41...}
Session ID: 66ddc30a30affc4ba52a539bc411ac2c
        at sun.reflect.GeneratedConstructorAccessor1082.newInstance(Unknown Source) ~[?:?]
        at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:45) ~[?:1.8.0_201]
        at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:423) ~[?:1.8.0_201]
        at org.openqa.selenium.remote.http.W3CHttpResponseCodec.createException(W3CHttpResponseCodec.java:187) ~[selenium-remote-driver-3.141.59.jar:?]
        at org.openqa.selenium.remote.http.W3CHttpResponseCodec.decode(W3CHttpResponseCodec.java:122) ~[selenium-remote-driver-3.141.59.jar:?]
        at org.openqa.selenium.remote.http.W3CHttpResponseCodec.decode(W3CHttpResponseCodec.java:49) ~[selenium-remote-driver-3.141.59.jar:?]
        at org.openqa.selenium.remote.HttpCommandExecutor.execute(HttpCommandExecutor.java:158) ~[selenium-remote-driver-3.141.59.jar:?]
        at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.execute(RemoteWebDriver.java:552) ~[selenium-remote-driver-3.141.59.jar:?]
        at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.get(RemoteWebDriver.java:277) ~[selenium-remote-driver-3.141.59.jar:?]
        ... 65 more

我的 chrome 选项：

ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions ();
options.addArguments ("user-data-dir=/var/tmp/username");
options.addArguments ("disable-gpu");
options.addArguments ("disable-impl-side-painting");
options.addArguments ("disable-dev-shm-usage");
options.addArguments ("disable-infobars");
options.addArguments ("disable-gpu-sandbox");
options.addArguments ("no-sandbox");
options.addArguments ("disable-accelerated-2d-canvas");
options.addArguments ("disable-accelerated-jpeg-decoding");
options.addArguments ("test-type=ui");
options.addArguments ("no-proxy-server");

Answer 1

你需要考虑一些事情：

• --user-data-dir：指浏览器存储用户配置文件的directory。所以你不能传递任何任意值。请参阅：this 和 this 讨论。
• --disable-gpu：Disables GPU hardware acceleration。如果软件渲染器没有到位，那么 GPU 进程将不会启动。然而，参数--disable-gpu 的目的是在windows 平台上启用google-chrome-headless。之前需要它作为SwiftShader fails an assert on Windows in headless mode。正如您在linux os 上一样，您需要将其删除。请参阅：this 和 this 讨论。
• 理想情况下，您只需要根据您的测试规范添加强制性参数。

• 示例最小代码块：

  public class A_Chrome 
  {
      public static void main(String[] args) 
      {
          System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "C:\\Utility\\BrowserDrivers\\chromedriver.exe");
          ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();
          options.addArguments("start-maximized");
          options.setExperimentalOption("excludeSwitches", Collections.singletonList("enable-automation"));
          options.setExperimentalOption("useAutomationExtension", false);
          WebDriver driver =  new ChromeDriver(options);
          driver.get("https://www.google.com/");
          driver.quit();
      }
  }
  

• 最后，当您的程序引发异常时，WebDriver 实例会失去对浏览上下文的控制，并且两者都会变成Zombie process。因此google-chrome 窗口保持打开状态。

Answer 2

如果你使用 try 和 except 函数会怎样？除了在哪里，您让驱动程序关闭 chrome 并再次重新打开它以创建新会话？

     try:
       #set your try code here
     except TimeoutException:
       print('Page took too long to load or there was a different problem :(')
       driver.quit()
          try:
            #set your new code here
          except:
            #set your except here

或者你可以尝试在except之后打开一个新的chrome窗口