【发布时间】：2017-08-03 02:23:24
【问题描述】：
我正在开发一个 Windows 服务来监控来自控制系统的信号。我用两个类（IOSignal 和 Control）对系统进行了建模。每个 Control 实例都有一些与之关联的 IOSignals 实例。当与特定控件关联的所有 IOSignals 都处于特定状态时，我希望服务执行某些操作。在我的真实代码中，它将在数据库中注册此事件。为了解释我的问题，我为我的原始代码创建了一个非常简化的版本。 问题是，当它作为服务运行时，我想存储所有 Control 和 IOSignal 实例的状态，因此当我重新启动服务时，我可以“记住”系统停止时的状态。我正在使用泡菜来做到这一点。似乎酸洗部分正在工作，因为显然我可以在另一个脚本中打开文件并检索我的对象的信息。 我的系统的复杂之处在于我在每个 Control 对象中都存储了 IOSignals 实例，反之亦然。 当我为服务加注星标时，它似乎工作正常，但是当我重新启动它时，我开始收到重新创建的对象没有某些属性（主要是“d”和“logger”）的错误消息 我重载了 getstae 和 setstate 方法来尝试使泡菜工作，但我认为我遗漏了一些东西。我按照此 python 文档 (https://docs.python.org/2.0/lib/pickle-example.html) 中给出的说明进行操作
这是我的类的代码（我将它们保存在一个名为 Observer.py 的文件中）
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""
Created on Wed Aug 2 11:07:28 2017
@author: me
"""
from logging import getLogger
#import logging
class IOSignal(object):
def __init__(self,tag,val='True'):
self.tag=tag
self.value=val
self.CONTROLS=[]
#logger
self.logger=getLogger('teste.IOSignals')
# dict to serialize
self.d={}
self.d['tag']=self.tag
self.d['value']=self.value
self.d['CONTROLS']=self.CONTROLS
def getTag(self):
return self.tag
def getValue(self):
return self.value
def UpdateIOSinal(self,val):
self.value=val
try:
for control in self.CONTROLS:
#self.logger.debug('updating controls')
control.update()
except Exception as e:
self.logger.error("Error updating signal - ErrMsg -> {}".format(str(e)))
def AppendControl(self,control):
self.CONTROLS.append(control)
def UpdateControls(self):
for control in self.CONTROLS:
control.update()
def __getstate__(self):
return self.d
def __setstate__(self, d):
self.tag=d['tag']
self.value=d['value']
self.CONTROLS=d['CONTROLS']
self.__dict__= d
class Control(object):
def __init__(self,tag,state=False):
self.tag=tag
self.state=state
self.IOSignals={}
#logger
self.logger=getLogger('teste.CONTROLS')
# dict to serialize
self.d={}
self.d['tag']=self.tag
self.d['state']=self.state
self.d['IOSignals']=self.IOSignals
def getTag(self):
return self.tag
def getState(self):
return self.state
def register_signal(self,signal):
self.IOSignals[len(self.IOSignals)]=signal
def update(self):
try:
I=len([e.value for e in self.IOSignals.values() if e.value=='False'])
if I==len(self.IOSignals):
self.logger.info("Control {} actuated".format(self.tag))
except Exception as e:
self.logger.error("Error updating Contro - ErrMsg -> {}".format(str(e)))
def __getstate__(self):
return self.d
def __setstate__(self, d):
self.tag=d['tag']
self.state=d['state']
self.IOSignals=d['IOSignals']
self.__dict__= d
这里是创建服务和使用 Observer 的代码。我称之为 teste_service.py 要安装它，请在命令行中键入以下命令“python c:\pathtofile\teste_service.py install”并将其运行在 Windows 服务中。 服务的名称是 TEST_Event_Service。
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""
Created on Thu Jul 27 09:07:29 2017
@author: me
"""
from Observer import IOSignal
from Observer import Control
import os
import threading
import logging
import logging.config
import win32api
import win32service
import win32serviceutil
import win32event
import random
import time
import pickle
class InterruptedException(Exception):
pass
class WorkerThread(threading.Thread):
def __init__(self, controller,dCONFIG):
self._controller = controller
self._stop = threading.Event()
super(WorkerThread, self).__init__()
self.dCONFIG=dCONFIG
self.dIO=dCONFIG['dIO']
self.dCTRL=dCONFIG['dCTRL']
#logger
self.logger=logging.getLogger('teste.SERVICE')
def stop(self):
self._stop.set()
def stopped(self):
return self._stop.isSet()
def saveCACHE(self):
try:
f=open(r'C:\TIER3\teste\teste.pkl','wb')
pickle.dump(self.dCONFIG,f,protocol=4)
f.close()
except Exception as e:
self.logger.error("Error saving cache - ErrMsg -> {}".format(str(e)))
def getCONFIG(self):
return self.dCONFIG
def run(self):
try:
# simulater signal state based on a random number generator
for signal in self.dIO.values():
r=random.random()
if r>0.5:
signal.UpdateIOSinal('False')
else:
signal.UpdateIOSinal('True')
#updating dCONFIG to pickle it
self.dCONFIG['dIO']=self.dIO
self.dCONFIG['dCTRL']=self.dCTRL
try:
self.saveCACHE()
except Exception as e:
self.logger.error("Error saving cache - ErrMsg -> {}".format(str(e)))
#self.logger.info('run finished')
time.sleep(10)
except InterruptedException as e:
# We are forcefully quitting
self.logger.error('Interruption Exception - {}'.format(str(e)))
pass
except Exception as e:
self.logger.error('Unexpected Error - {}'.format(str(e)))
#self.logger.error(e)
pass
# Oh oh, did not anticipate this, better report to Windows or log it
finally:
#pass
# Close/release any connections, handles, files etc.
# OK, we can stop now
win32event.SetEvent(self._controller)
class test_service(win32serviceutil.ServiceFramework):
_svc_name_ = "pyTEST"
_svc_display_name_ = "TEST Event service"
_svc_description_ = "Service to teste python service"
def __init__(self, args):
win32serviceutil.ServiceFramework.__init__(self, args)
self.hWaitStop = win32event.CreateEvent(None, 0, 0, None)
self.hWaitDone = win32event.CreateEvent(None, 0, 0, None)
self.dCONFIG={}
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Creating logger
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
logging.config.fileConfig(r'c:\tier3\teste\teste_logging.conf')
# create logger
self.logger = logging.getLogger('teste')
self.logger.info(self._svc_name_ + " - STARTED!")
#creating some IOSignals and Controls
dIO={}
dCTRL={}
try:
if os.path.exists(r'C:\TIER3\teste\teste.pkl'):
f=open(r'C:\TIER3\teste\teste.pkl','rb')
self.dCONFIG=pickle.load(f)
dIO=self.dCONFIG['dIO']
dCTRL=self.dCONFIG['dCTRL']
f.close()
else:
dIO[1]=IOSignal('IO1')
dIO[2]=IOSignal('IO2')
dIO[3]=IOSignal('IO3')
dIO[4]=IOSignal('IO4')
dIO[5]=IOSignal('IO5')
dIO[6]=IOSignal('IO6')
dIO[7]=IOSignal('IO7')
dIO[8]=IOSignal('IO8')
dCTRL[1]=Control('CTRL1')
dCTRL[2]=Control('CTRL2')
dCTRL[3]=Control('CTRL3')
dCTRL[4]=Control('CTRL4')
dIO[1].AppendControl(dCTRL[1])
dIO[2].AppendControl(dCTRL[1])
dIO[3].AppendControl(dCTRL[2])
dIO[4].AppendControl(dCTRL[2])
dIO[5].AppendControl(dCTRL[3])
dIO[6].AppendControl(dCTRL[3])
dIO[7].AppendControl(dCTRL[4])
dIO[8].AppendControl(dCTRL[4])
dCTRL[1].register_signal(dIO[1])
dCTRL[1].register_signal(dIO[2])
dCTRL[2].register_signal(dIO[3])
dCTRL[2].register_signal(dIO[4])
dCTRL[3].register_signal(dIO[5])
dCTRL[3].register_signal(dIO[6])
dCTRL[4].register_signal(dIO[7])
dCTRL[4].register_signal(dIO[8])
self.dCONFIG={}
self.dCONFIG['dIO']=dIO
self.dCONFIG['dCTRL']=dCTRL
except Exception as e:
self.logger.error("Error opening teste.pkl - ErrMsg -> {}".format(str(e)))
def SvcStop(self):
self.ReportServiceStatus(win32service.SERVICE_STOP_PENDING)
win32event.SetEvent(self.hWaitStop)
def SvcDoRun(self):
import servicemanager
servicemanager.LogMsg(servicemanager.EVENTLOG_INFORMATION_TYPE,
servicemanager.PYS_SERVICE_STARTED,(self._svc_name_, ''))
#create worker 1st run
self.worker = WorkerThread(self.hWaitDone,self.dCONFIG)
self.worker.setDaemon=True
self.worker.start()
while True:
rc = win32event.WaitForMultipleObjects([self.hWaitStop, self.hWaitDone],False,win32event.INFINITE)
#self.logger.debug('rc = {}'.format(rc))
# Check to see if self.hWaitStop happened as part of Windows Service Management
if rc == 0:
# Stop signal encountered
self.logger.info(self._svc_name_ + " - STOPPED!")
servicemanager.LogInfoMsg(self._svc_name_ + " - STOPPED!") #For Event Log
break
if rc == 1:
#create worker
self.dCONFIG=self.worker.getCONFIG()
self.worker = WorkerThread(self.hWaitDone,self.dCONFIG)
self.worker.setDaemon=True
self.worker.start()
def ctrlHandler(ctrlType):
return True
if __name__ == '__main__':
win32api.SetConsoleCtrlHandler(ctrlHandler, True)
win32serviceutil.HandleCommandLine(test_service)
这里是日志集
[loggers]
keys=root,teste
[handlers]
keys=logfile,consoleHandler
[formatters]
keys=simpleFormatter,logfileformatter
[logger_root]
level=DEBUG
handlers=consoleHandler
[logger_teste]
level=DEBUG
handlers=logfile
qualname=teste
propagate=0
[formatter_logfileformatter]
format=%(asctime)s %(name)-12s: %(levelname)s %(message)s
[formatter_simpleFormatter]
format=%(asctime)s - %(name)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s
datefmt=
[handler_consoleHandler]
class=StreamHandler
level=DEBUG
formatter=simpleFormatter
args=(sys.stdout,)
[handler_logfile]
class=handlers.RotatingFileHandler
level=DEBUG
args=(r'C:\tier3\teste\pyteste.log','a',5000000,20)
formatter=logfileformatter
我认为我的问题在于 getstate 和 setstate 定义。
这是我收到的错误消息的示例。
2017-08-02 22:58:00,348 teste.SERVICE: ERROR Error saving cache - ErrMsg -> 'IOSignal' object has no attribute 'd'
2017-08-02 22:58:10,366 teste.SERVICE: ERROR Unexpected Error - 'IOSignal' object has no attribute 'logger'
有人知道我的问题在哪里吗？
【问题讨论】：
-
不能腌制的东西有很多。这可能就是正在发生的事情
-
是的。我知道，但是如果在 python 控制台中解开文件，我可以看到类的结构被检索到。我可以调用方法并访问实例属性。但是，在某些方面，实例重建并不完整，有些项目被留下了。
-
更改为
self.__dict__.update(d)。 -
没有任何作用。
-
你检查过它是否有
__getstate__和__setstate__方法吗？这就是 pickle 用来保存对象状态的方法。
标签： python windows class service pickle