绘图和破折号：“响应”类型的对象不是 JSON 可序列化的答案

【问题标题】：Plot and Dash: Object of type 'Response' is not JSON serializable绘图和破折号：“响应”类型的对象不是 JSON 可序列化的
【发布时间】：2018-06-26 14:18:59
【问题描述】：

我想构建一个仪表板，其中大部分内容（标题、图表等）都依赖于用户的主要输入。

因此，我想创建许多回调，以便输出取决于用户输入。

但这似乎会导致很多错误。当前一个是：“'Response' 类型的对象不是 JSON 可序列化的” 但更一般地说，我也在寻找我的代码的一些输入。

################## APP LAYOUT ##################
app.layout = html.Div(

    #style={'backgroundColor': colors['background']},
    children=[

        html.H1('Dashboard for Visualisation',
            style={
            'textAlign': 'center',
            'color': colors['text_black']
            }),

       # html.H3('Choose Analysis',
       #         style={
        #            'textAlign': 'center',
         #           'color': colors['text_black']
          #      }),

        html.Div([
            dcc.Dropdown(
                id='main_dropdown',
                options=[
                    {'label':'PCA', 'value':'PCA'},
                    {'label':'t-SNE', 'value':'t-SNE'}
                    ]

                )],

            style={'width': '28%',
                   'display': 'inline-block',
                   'textAlign': 'center'}
            ),


        html.Div(id='action_header'),

        html.Div(id='action'),

        html.Div(id='sub_action'),

        html.Div(id='output_graph'),

        dcc.Slider(
            id='slider',
            min=0,
            max=55,
            step=None,
            value=20,
            marks={
                5:'5',
                10:'10',
                15:'15',
                20:'20',
                25:'25',
                30:'30',
                35:'35',
                40:'40',
                45:'45',
                50:'50'
            },
            updatemode='drag'
            )

        #html.Div(id='slider_div')


    ])


################## CALLBACKS ##################
@app.callback(
    Output(component_id='action_header', component_property='children'),
    [Input(component_id='main_dropdown', component_property='value')])

def update_action_header(input):
    if(input == 't-SNE'):
        return html.H3("Pick labels to identify clusters",
            id='action_header')




@app.callback(
    Output(component_id='action', component_property='children'),
    [Input(component_id='main_dropdown', component_property='value')])

def update_action_options(input):
    if(input == 't-SNE'):
        return dcc.Dropdown(id='gene-Dropdown',
                 options=[{'label': s, 'value': s}
                          for s in temp.keys()],
                 value=['IDH1','SomeGene1','SomeGene2'],
                 multi=True
                 )



@app.callback(
    Output(component_id='sub_action', component_property='children'),
    [Input(component_id='main_dropdown', component_property='value')])

def update_sub_action_options(input):
    if (input == 't-SNE'):
        return [
            html.Label('Dimensions in plot'),
            dcc.RadioItems(
                options=[
                    {'label': '2D', 'value': '2'},
                    {'label': '3D', 'value': '3'},
                ],
                value='2'
            )
        ]



@app.callback(
    Output(component_id='output_graph', component_property='children'),
    [Input(component_id='slider', component_property='value')])

def update_graph(input):                           # Pull det correct dataframe

    # Return graph
    return dcc.Graph(
        id='tsne_perplexity_plot',
        figure={
            'data': [
                go.Scatter(
                    {'x':   dict['perp' + str(input)]['x'],
                    'y':    dict['perp' + str(input)]['y'],
                    'mode': 'markers',
                    'opacity': 0.7,
                               'marker' : {
                                          'size': 15,
                                          'line': {'width': 0.5, 'color': 'white'}
                                      }
                    }
                )
            ],
            'layout': {
                    'title': "Perplexity: " + str(input),
                   # 'plot_bgcolor': colors['background'],
                    #'paper_bgcolor': colors['background'],
                    'font': {
                    'color': colors['text']
                    },
            }
        }
    )

非常感谢！我真的被困住了。

注意：错误发生在我第一次尝试使用下拉菜单时完整回溯：

enter image description here

 * Running on http://127.0.0.1:8050/ (Press CTRL+C to quit)
127.0.0.1 - - [26/Jun/2018 14:55:55] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 -
127.0.0.1 - - [26/Jun/2018 14:55:56] "GET /_dash-layout HTTP/1.1" 200 -
127.0.0.1 - - [26/Jun/2018 14:55:56] "GET /_dash-dependencies HTTP/1.1" 200 -
[2018-06-26 14:55:56,845] ERROR in app: Exception on /_dash-update-component [POST]
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1982, in wsgi_app
    response = self.full_dispatch_request()
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1614, in full_dispatch_request
    rv = self.handle_user_exception(e)
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1517, in handle_user_exception
    reraise(exc_type, exc_value, tb)
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/flask/_compat.py", line 33, in reraise
    raise value
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1612, in full_dispatch_request
    rv = self.dispatch_request()
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1598, in dispatch_request
    return self.view_functions[rule.endpoint](**req.view_args)
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/dash/dash.py", line 558, in dispatch
    return self.callback_map[target_id]['callback'](*args)
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/dash/dash.py", line 526, in add_context
    cls=plotly.utils.PlotlyJSONEncoder),
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/json/__init__.py", line 238, in dumps
    **kw).encode(obj)
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/plotly/utils.py", line 161, in encode
    encoded_o = super(PlotlyJSONEncoder, self).encode(o)
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/json/encoder.py", line 199, in encode
    chunks = self.iterencode(o, _one_shot=True)
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/json/encoder.py", line 257, in iterencode
    return _iterencode(o, 0)
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/plotly/utils.py", line 229, in default
    return _json.JSONEncoder.default(self, obj)
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/json/encoder.py", line 180, in default
    o.__class__.__name__)
TypeError: Object of type 'Response' is not JSON serializable
127.0.0.1 - - [26/Jun/2018 14:55:56] "POST /_dash-update-component HTTP/1.1" 500 -
[2018-06-26 14:55:56,859] ERROR in app: Exception on /_dash-update-component [POST]
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1982, in wsgi_app
    response = self.full_dispatch_request()
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1614, in full_dispatch_request
    rv = self.handle_user_exception(e)
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1517, in handle_user_exception
    reraise(exc_type, exc_value, tb)
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/flask/_compat.py", line 33, in reraise
    raise value
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1612, in full_dispatch_request
    rv = self.dispatch_request()
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1598, in dispatch_request
    return self.view_functions[rule.endpoint](**req.view_args)
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/dash/dash.py", line 558, in dispatch
    return self.callback_map[target_id]['callback'](*args)
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/dash/dash.py", line 515, in add_context
    output_value = func(*args, **kwargs)
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/dash/dash.py", line 526, in add_context
    cls=plotly.utils.PlotlyJSONEncoder),
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/json/__init__.py", line 238, in dumps
    **kw).encode(obj)
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/plotly/utils.py", line 161, in encode
    encoded_o = super(PlotlyJSONEncoder, self).encode(o)
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/json/encoder.py", line 199, in encode
    chunks = self.iterencode(o, _one_shot=True)
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/json/encoder.py", line 257, in iterencode
    return _iterencode(o, 0)
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/plotly/utils.py", line 229, in default
    return _json.JSONEncoder.default(self, obj)
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/json/encoder.py", line 180, in default
    o.__class__.__name__)
TypeError: Object of type 'Response' is not JSON serializable
127.0.0.1 - - [26/Jun/2018 14:55:56] "POST /_dash-update-component HTTP/1.1" 500 -
[2018-06-26 14:55:56,863] ERROR in app: Exception on /_dash-update-component [POST]
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1982, in wsgi_app
    response = self.full_dispatch_request()
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1614, in full_dispatch_request
    rv = self.handle_user_exception(e)
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1517, in handle_user_exception
    reraise(exc_type, exc_value, tb)
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/flask/_compat.py", line 33, in reraise
    raise value
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1612, in full_dispatch_request
    rv = self.dispatch_request()
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1598, in dispatch_request
    return self.view_functions[rule.endpoint](**req.view_args)
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/dash/dash.py", line 558, in dispatch
    return self.callback_map[target_id]['callback'](*args)
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/dash/dash.py", line 515, in add_context
    output_value = func(*args, **kwargs)
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/dash/dash.py", line 515, in add_context
    output_value = func(*args, **kwargs)
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/dash/dash.py", line 526, in add_context
    cls=plotly.utils.PlotlyJSONEncoder),
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/json/__init__.py", line 238, in dumps
    **kw).encode(obj)
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/plotly/utils.py", line 161, in encode
    encoded_o = super(PlotlyJSONEncoder, self).encode(o)
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/json/encoder.py", line 199, in encode
    chunks = self.iterencode(o, _one_shot=True)
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/json/encoder.py", line 257, in iterencode
    return _iterencode(o, 0)
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/plotly/utils.py", line 229, in default
    return _json.JSONEncoder.default(self, obj)
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/json/encoder.py", line 180, in default
    o.__class__.__name__)
TypeError: Object of type 'Response' is not JSON serializable
127.0.0.1 - - [26/Jun/2018 14:55:56] "POST /_dash-update-component HTTP/1.1" 500 -
127.0.0.1 - - [26/Jun/2018 14:55:56] "POST /_dash-update-component HTTP/1.1" 200 -
127.0.0.1 - - [26/Jun/2018 14:55:57] "GET /favicon.ico HTTP/1.1" 200 -
[2018-06-26 14:55:58,329] ERROR in app: Exception on /_dash-update-component [POST]
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1982, in wsgi_app
    response = self.full_dispatch_request()
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1614, in full_dispatch_request
    rv = self.handle_user_exception(e)
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1517, in handle_user_exception
    reraise(exc_type, exc_value, tb)
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/flask/_compat.py", line 33, in reraise
    raise value
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1612, in full_dispatch_request
    rv = self.dispatch_request()
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1598, in dispatch_request
    return self.view_functions[rule.endpoint](**req.view_args)
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/dash/dash.py", line 558, in dispatch
    return self.callback_map[target_id]['callback'](*args)
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/dash/dash.py", line 526, in add_context
    cls=plotly.utils.PlotlyJSONEncoder),
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/json/__init__.py", line 238, in dumps
    **kw).encode(obj)
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/plotly/utils.py", line 161, in encode
    encoded_o = super(PlotlyJSONEncoder, self).encode(o)
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/json/encoder.py", line 199, in encode
    chunks = self.iterencode(o, _one_shot=True)
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/json/encoder.py", line 257, in iterencode
    return _iterencode(o, 0)
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/plotly/utils.py", line 229, in default
    return _json.JSONEncoder.default(self, obj)
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/json/encoder.py", line 180, in default
    o.__class__.__name__)
TypeError: Object of type 'Response' is not JSON serializable
127.0.0.1 - - [26/Jun/2018 14:55:58] "POST /_dash-update-component HTTP/1.1" 500 -
[2018-06-26 14:55:58,334] ERROR in app: Exception on /_dash-update-component [POST]
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1982, in wsgi_app
    response = self.full_dispatch_request()
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1614, in full_dispatch_request
    rv = self.handle_user_exception(e)
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1517, in handle_user_exception
    reraise(exc_type, exc_value, tb)
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/flask/_compat.py", line 33, in reraise
    raise value
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1612, in full_dispatch_request
    rv = self.dispatch_request()
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1598, in dispatch_request
    return self.view_functions[rule.endpoint](**req.view_args)
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/dash/dash.py", line 558, in dispatch
    return self.callback_map[target_id]['callback'](*args)
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/dash/dash.py", line 515, in add_context
    output_value = func(*args, **kwargs)
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/dash/dash.py", line 526, in add_context
    cls=plotly.utils.PlotlyJSONEncoder),
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/json/__init__.py", line 238, in dumps
    **kw).encode(obj)
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/plotly/utils.py", line 161, in encode
    encoded_o = super(PlotlyJSONEncoder, self).encode(o)
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/json/encoder.py", line 199, in encode
    chunks = self.iterencode(o, _one_shot=True)
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/json/encoder.py", line 257, in iterencode
    return _iterencode(o, 0)
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/plotly/utils.py", line 229, in default
    return _json.JSONEncoder.default(self, obj)
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/json/encoder.py", line 180, in default
    o.__class__.__name__)
TypeError: Object of type 'Response' is not JSON serializable
127.0.0.1 - - [26/Jun/2018 14:55:58] "POST /_dash-update-component HTTP/1.1" 500 -
[2018-06-26 14:55:58,351] ERROR in app: Exception on /_dash-update-component [POST]
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1982, in wsgi_app
    response = self.full_dispatch_request()
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1614, in full_dispatch_request
    rv = self.handle_user_exception(e)
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1517, in handle_user_exception
    reraise(exc_type, exc_value, tb)
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/flask/_compat.py", line 33, in reraise
    raise value
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1612, in full_dispatch_request
    rv = self.dispatch_request()
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1598, in dispatch_request
    return self.view_functions[rule.endpoint](**req.view_args)
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/dash/dash.py", line 558, in dispatch
    return self.callback_map[target_id]['callback'](*args)
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/dash/dash.py", line 515, in add_context
    output_value = func(*args, **kwargs)
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/dash/dash.py", line 515, in add_context
    output_value = func(*args, **kwargs)
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/dash/dash.py", line 526, in add_context
    cls=plotly.utils.PlotlyJSONEncoder),
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/json/__init__.py", line 238, in dumps
    **kw).encode(obj)
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/plotly/utils.py", line 161, in encode
    encoded_o = super(PlotlyJSONEncoder, self).encode(o)
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/json/encoder.py", line 199, in encode
    chunks = self.iterencode(o, _one_shot=True)
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/json/encoder.py", line 257, in iterencode
    return _iterencode(o, 0)
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/plotly/utils.py", line 229, in default
    return _json.JSONEncoder.default(self, obj)
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/json/encoder.py", line 180, in default
    o.__class__.__name__)
TypeError: Object of type 'Response' is not JSON serializable
127.0.0.1 - - [26/Jun/2018 14:55:58] "POST /_dash-update-component HTTP/1.1" 500 -
Object of type 'Response' is not JSON serializable[2018-06-26 15:52:04,380] ERROR in app: Exception on /_dash-update-component [POST]
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1982, in wsgi_app
    response = self.full_dispatch_request()
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1614, in full_dispatch_request
    rv = self.handle_user_exception(e)
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1517, in handle_user_exception
    reraise(exc_type, exc_value, tb)
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/flask/_compat.py", line 33, in reraise
    raise value
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1612, in full_dispatch_request
    rv = self.dispatch_request()
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1598, in dispatch_request
    return self.view_functions[rule.endpoint](**req.view_args)
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/dash/dash.py", line 558, in dispatch
    return self.callback_map[target_id]['callback'](*args)
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/dash/dash.py", line 526, in add_context
    cls=plotly.utils.PlotlyJSONEncoder),
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/json/__init__.py", line 238, in dumps
    **kw).encode(obj)
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/plotly/utils.py", line 161, in encode
    encoded_o = super(PlotlyJSONEncoder, self).encode(o)
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/json/encoder.py", line 199, in encode
    chunks = self.iterencode(o, _one_shot=True)
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/json/encoder.py", line 257, in iterencode
    return _iterencode(o, 0)
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/plotly/utils.py", line 229, in default
    return _json.JSONEncoder.default(self, obj)
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/json/encoder.py", line 180, in default
    o.__class__.__name__)
TypeError: Object of type 'Response' is not JSON serializable
127.0.0.1 - - [26/Jun/2018 15:52:04] "POST /_dash-update-component HTTP/1.1" 500 -
[2018-06-26 15:52:04,392] ERROR in app: Exception on /_dash-update-component [POST]
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1982, in wsgi_app
    response = self.full_dispatch_request()
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1614, in full_dispatch_request
    rv = self.handle_user_exception(e)
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1517, in handle_user_exception
    reraise(exc_type, exc_value, tb)
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/flask/_compat.py", line 33, in reraise
    raise value
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1612, in full_dispatch_request
    rv = self.dispatch_request()
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1598, in dispatch_request
    return self.view_functions[rule.endpoint](**req.view_args)
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/dash/dash.py", line 558, in dispatch
    return self.callback_map[target_id]['callback'](*args)
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/dash/dash.py", line 515, in add_context
    output_value = func(*args, **kwargs)
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/dash/dash.py", line 526, in add_context
    cls=plotly.utils.PlotlyJSONEncoder),
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/json/__init__.py", line 238, in dumps
    **kw).encode(obj)
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/plotly/utils.py", line 161, in encode
    encoded_o = super(PlotlyJSONEncoder, self).encode(o)
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/json/encoder.py", line 199, in encode
    chunks = self.iterencode(o, _one_shot=True)
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/json/encoder.py", line 257, in iterencode
    return _iterencode(o, 0)
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/plotly/utils.py", line 229, in default
    return _json.JSONEncoder.default(self, obj)
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/json/encoder.py", line 180, in default
    o.__class__.__name__)
TypeError: Object of type 'Response' is not JSON serializable
127.0.0.1 - - [26/Jun/2018 15:52:04] "POST /_dash-update-component HTTP/1.1" 500 -
[2018-06-26 15:52:04,402] ERROR in app: Exception on /_dash-update-component [POST]
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1982, in wsgi_app
    response = self.full_dispatch_request()
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1614, in full_dispatch_request
    rv = self.handle_user_exception(e)
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1517, in handle_user_exception
    reraise(exc_type, exc_value, tb)
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/flask/_compat.py", line 33, in reraise
    raise value
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1612, in full_dispatch_request
    rv = self.dispatch_request()
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1598, in dispatch_request
    return self.view_functions[rule.endpoint](**req.view_args)
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/dash/dash.py", line 558, in dispatch
    return self.callback_map[target_id]['callback'](*args)
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/dash/dash.py", line 515, in add_context
    output_value = func(*args, **kwargs)
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/dash/dash.py", line 515, in add_context
    output_value = func(*args, **kwargs)
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/dash/dash.py", line 526, in add_context
    cls=plotly.utils.PlotlyJSONEncoder),
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/json/__init__.py", line 238, in dumps
    **kw).encode(obj)
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/plotly/utils.py", line 161, in encode
    encoded_o = super(PlotlyJSONEncoder, self).encode(o)
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/json/encoder.py", line 199, in encode
    chunks = self.iterencode(o, _one_shot=True)
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/json/encoder.py", line 257, in iterencode
    return _iterencode(o, 0)
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/plotly/utils.py", line 229, in default
    return _json.JSONEncoder.default(self, obj)
  File "/Users/kimrants/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/json/encoder.py", line 180, in default
    o.__class__.__name__)
TypeError: Object of type 'Response' is not JSON serializable
127.0.0.1 - - [26/Jun/2018 15:52:04] "POST /_dash-update-component HTTP/1.1" 500 -

【问题讨论】：

您是否提供了所有代码？ Response 是 Flask 对象，所以可能在某处有 jsonify 或者来自 Flask 的另一个方法，它返回 Response
@YaroslavSurzhikov 我做了.. 剩下的只是导入和 app = dash.Dash() 以及一些数据下载。
能否提供错误回溯？
是的。 @AlexK。往上看。谢谢:)
@AlexK。我把它添加到问题中，因为它太长了

标签： python plotly plotly-dash

【解决方案1】：

您没有显示您的数据是什么样子，您的代码 sn-p 没有您调用的所有变量，并且存在一些语法错误。让我们开始吧。

Flask 正在后台使用，但您无需担心使用来自flask 的Requests 或任何其他类似模块。您只是传递 html 元素，而不是像列表这样可序列化的东西。在所有回调中，如果要将对象发送到 div 的 children 属性，则它需要在列表中。例如html.H3('text here') ==> [html.H3('text here')].

正如我之前评论的：

{'x': dict['perp' + str(input)]['x']，没有意义。 dict 是一个类型函数，所以它需要括号( ) 而不是括号[ ]。另外，'perp' + str(input) 不是键/值对，所以dict( ) 仍然会抛出错误

如果您保存了一个名为 dict 的变量，请不要这样做。它是一个函数，您不想覆盖内置函数的名称。

您为两个元素指定了相同的 ID。这将导致错误。你有html.Div(id='action_header') 和html.H3("Pick labels to identify clusters", id='action_header')。这将创建一个会破坏您的应用程序的循环。

根据您在上面提供的内容，我能够将这段代码放在一起有效。它应该接近你所需要的。

import dash
import plotly.graph_objs as go
import dash_core_components as dcc
import dash_html_components as html
from dash.dependencies import Input, Output

# I added these to make your code work. change to your variables. 
app = dash.Dash()
server = app.server
temp = {'IDH1':1,'SomeGene1':2,'SomeGene2':3, "option3":4, "another":5}
colors = {'text':"#666", 'text_black':'#000000'}

################## APP LAYOUT ##################
app.layout = html.Div(

    children=[

        html.H1('Dashboard for Visualisation',
            style={
            'textAlign': 'center',
            'color': colors['text_black']
            }),

        html.Div([
            dcc.Dropdown(
                id='main_dropdown',
                options=[
                    {'label':'PCA', 'value':'PCA'},
                    {'label':'t-SNE', 'value':'t-SNE'}
                    ]

                )],

            style={'width': '28%',
                   'display': 'inline-block',
                   'textAlign': 'center'}
            ),


        html.Div(id='action_header'),

        html.Div(id='action'),

        html.Div(id='sub_action'),

        html.Div(id='output_graph'),

        dcc.Slider(
            id='slider',
            min=0,
            max=55,
            step=None,
            value=20,
            marks={
                5:'5',
                10:'10',
                15:'15',
                20:'20',
                25:'25',
                30:'30',
                35:'35',
                40:'40',
                45:'45',
                50:'50'
            },
            updatemode='drag'
            )



    ])


################## CALLBACKS ##################
@app.callback(
    Output(component_id='action_header', component_property='children'),
    [Input(component_id='main_dropdown', component_property='value')])

def update_action_header(input):
    if(input == 't-SNE'):
        return [html.H3("Pick labels to identify clusters")]

@app.callback(
    Output(component_id='action', component_property='children'),
    [Input(component_id='main_dropdown', component_property='value')])

def update_action_options(input):
    if(input == 't-SNE'):
        return [dcc.Dropdown(id='gene-Dropdown',
                 options=[{'label': s, 'value': s}
                          for s in temp.keys()],  # what is temp? not defined so I made something up.
                 value=['IDH1','SomeGene1','SomeGene2'],
                 multi=True
                 )]



@app.callback(
    Output(component_id='sub_action', component_property='children'),
    [Input(component_id='main_dropdown', component_property='value')])

def update_sub_action_options(input):
    if (input == 't-SNE'):
        return [
            html.Label('Dimensions in plot'),
            dcc.RadioItems(
                options=[
                    {'label': '2D', 'value': '2'},
                    {'label': '3D', 'value': '3'},
                ],
                value='2'
            )
        ]



@app.callback(
    Output(component_id='output_graph', component_property='children'),
    [Input(component_id='slider', component_property='value')])

def update_graph(input):                           # Pull det correct dataframe

    # Return graph
    return [dcc.Graph(
        id='tsne_perplexity_plot',
        figure={
            'data': [
                go.Scatter(
                    {'x':   [1, 2, 3],  # put random in because I didn't
                    'y':    [4, 8, 1],  # know what your data looks like
                    'mode': 'markers',
                    'opacity': 0.7,
                               'marker' : {
                                          'size': 15,
                                          'line': {'width': 0.5, 'color': 'white'}
                                      }
                    }
                )
            ],
            'layout': {
                    'title': "Perplexity: "+str(input),
                    'font': {
                        'color': colors['text']
                    },
            }
        }
    )]



if __name__ == '__main__':
    """ 
    If this file is ran by command line it will start the flask server
    """
    app.run_server(debug = False, port = 8050)  # Set debug = True when developing

如果您要使用破折号，我建议您使用trace = {'type':'scatter', ...} 而不是导入图形对象。这并不重要，但 Dash 很好地将所有内容包装在一起，因此您不必使用 dict() 和 { } 并使用它们的其他子模块。在 Python 中，在 if 语句上不使用括号也很常见。

# bad
if (x == 5):
    # do foo

# good
if x == 5:
    # do foo

阅读here 了解风格指南。 PEP8 也很受欢迎。样式指南将帮助您的代码变得更具可读性，并防止您犯愚蠢的错误。

最后，input 实际上是 python 中的一个函数，你不应该在你的回调函数中使用它作为一个变量。请参阅input() 的文档。您不应覆盖或使用内置函数或变量作为变量或函数的名称。它会使读者感到困惑，并可能导致代码错误。

【讨论】：