从 Word 中的表格中提取原始数据？使用 Perl

Question

我正在尝试从 Word 文档中的多个表格中提取数据。尝试将表中的数据转换为文本时出现错误。 ConvertToText 方法有两个可选参数（如何分隔数据和一个布尔值）。这是我当前的代码：

#usr/bin/perl
#OLEWord.pl

#Use string and print warnings
use strict;use warnings;
#Using OLE + OLE constants for Variants and OLE enumeration for Enumerations
use Win32::OLE qw(in);
use Win32::OLE::Const 'Microsoft Word';
use Win32::OLE::Variant;

my $var1 = Win32::OLE::Variant->new(VT_BOOL, 'true');

$Win32::OLE::Warn = 3;

#set the file to be opened
my $file = 'C:\work\SCL_International Financial New Fund Setup Questionnaire V1.6.docx';

#Create a new instance of Win32::OLE for the Word application, die if could not open the application
my $MSWord = Win32::OLE->GetActiveObject('Excel.Application') or Win32::OLE->new('Word.Application','Quit');

#Set the screen to Visible, so that you can see what is going on
$MSWord->{'Visible'} = 1;
 $MSWord->{'DisplayAlerts'} = 0; #Supress Alerts, such as 'Save As....'

#open the request file or die and print warning message
my $Doc = $MSWord->{'Documents'}->Open($file) or die "Could not open ", $file, " Error:", Win32::OLE->LastError();

#$MSWord->ActiveDocument->SaveAs({Filename => 'AlteredTest.docx', 
                            #FileFormat => wdFormatDocument});

my $tables = $MSWord->ActiveDocument->{'Tables'};

for my $table (in $tables){
   my $tableText = $table->ConverToText(wdSeparateByParagraphs,$var1);
   print "Table: ", $tableText, "\n";
}


$MSWord->ActiveDocument->Close;
$MSWord->Quit;

我收到了这个错误：

在 OLEWord.pl 第 31 行使用“strict subs”时不允许使用裸词“VT_BOOL”
在 OLEWord.pl 第 31 行使用“strict subs”时，不允许使用裸词“true”
由于编译错误，OLEWord.pl 的执行中止。

Answer 1

删除“use strict”将删除“Bareword”错误

Answer 2

“Bareword”错误是由代码中的语法错误引起的。一种 'runaway multi-line' 通常指出错误的开始位置 是，通常意味着一条线还没有完成，通常 因为括号或引号不匹配。

正如几个 SO-ers 指出的那样，这看起来不像 珀尔！ Perl 解释器在语法错误上犹豫不决，因为它 不会说那种特定的语言！ Source

不使用 strict 不会给你警告。 （但你应该用它来写一个好的代码）

阅读有关 Bareword 的信息，这样您就会知道它们是什么，并且您会自己知道如何纠正这个错误。

以下是一些关于 Bareword 的学习链接： 1.perl.com 2.alumnus

Answer 3

当VT_BOOL 之类的东西没有被定义为常量时，perl 会认为它们是裸词。其他人已经提供了有关他们的信息。

问题的根本原因是缺少Win32::OLE::Variant 模块导出的常量。添加：

use Win32::OLE::Variant;

到您的脚本以删除第一个错误。第二个是类似的问题，true 也没有定义。将其替换为 1 或自己定义常量：

use constant true => 1;

编辑：这是提取表格文本的示例：

my $tables = $MSWord->ActiveDocument->{'Tables'};
for my $table (in $tables){
   my $tableText = $table->ConvertToText({ Separator => wdSeparateByTabs });
   print "Table: ", $tableText->Text(), "\n";
}

在您的代码中，您的方法名称 ConverToText 有拼写错误。该方法还返回Range 对象，因此您必须使用Text 方法来获取实际文本。

Answer 4

将所有文档表提取到一个 xls 文件中

     sub doParseDoc {

           my $msg     = '' ; 
           my $ret     = 1 ; # assume failure at the beginning ...

           $msg        = 'START --- doParseDoc' ; 
           $objLogger->LogDebugMsg( $msg );
           $msg        = 'using the following DocFile: "' . $DocFile . '"' ; 
           $objLogger->LogInfoMsg( $msg );
           #-----------------------------------------------------------------------
           #Using OLE + OLE constants for Variants and OLE enumeration for Enumerations


           # Create a new Excel workbook
           my $objWorkBook = Spreadsheet::WriteExcel->new("$DocFile" . '.xls');

           # Add a worksheet
           my $objWorkSheet = $objWorkBook->add_worksheet();


           my $var1 = Win32::OLE::Variant->new(VT_BOOL, 'true');

           Win32::OLE->Option(Warn => \&Carp::croak);
           use constant true => 0;

           # at this point you should have the Word application opened in UI with t
           # the DocFile
           # build the MS Word object during run-time 
           my $objMSWord = Win32::OLE->GetActiveObject('Word.Application')
                             or Win32::OLE->new('Word.Application', 'Quit');  

           # build the doc object during run-time 
           my $objDoc   = $objMSWord->Documents->Open($DocFile)
                 or die "Could not open ", $DocFile, " Error:", Win32::OLE->LastError();

           #Set the screen to Visible, so that you can see what is going on
           $objMSWord->{'Visible'} = 1;
           # try NOT printing directly to the file


            #$objMSWord->ActiveDocument->SaveAs({Filename => 'AlteredTest.docx', 
                                        #FileFormat => wdFormatDocument});

           my $tables        = $objMSWord->ActiveDocument->Tables();
           my $tableText     = '' ;   
           my $xlsRow        = 1 ; 

           for my $table (in $tables){
              # extract the table text as a single string
              #$tableText = $table->ConvertToText({ Separator => 'wdSeparateByTabs' });
              # cheated those properties from here: 
              # https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa537149(v=office.11).aspx#officewordautomatingtablesdata_populateatablewithdata
              my $RowsCount = $table->{'Rows'}->{'Count'} ; 
              my $ColsCount = $table->{'Columns'}->{'Count'} ; 

              # disgard the tables having different than 5 columns count
              next unless ( $ColsCount == 5 ) ;

              $msg           = "Rows Count: $RowsCount " ; 
              $msg           .= "Cols Count: $ColsCount " ; 
              $objLogger->LogDebugMsg ( $msg ) ; 

              #my $tableRange = $table->ConvertToText({ Separator => '##' });
              # OBS !!! simple print WILL print to your doc file use Select ?!
              #$objLogger->LogDebugMsg ( $tableRange . "\n" );
              # skip the header row
              foreach my $row ( 0..$RowsCount ) {
                 foreach my $col (0..$ColsCount) {

                    # nope ... $table->cell($row,$col)->->{'WrapText'} = 1 ; 
                    # nope $table->cell($row,$col)->{'WordWrap'} = 1  ;
                    # so so $table->cell($row,$col)->WordWrap() ; 

                    my $txt = ''; 
                    # well some 1% of the values are so nasty that we really give up on them ... 
                    eval {
                       $txt = $table->cell($row,$col)->range->{'Text'}; 
                       #replace all the ctrl chars by space
                       $txt =~ s/\r/ /g   ; 
                       $txt =~ s/[^\040-\176]/ /g  ; 
                       # perform some cleansing - ColName<primary key>=> ColName
                       #$txt =~ s#^(.[a-zA-Z_0-9]*)(\<.*)#$1#g ; 

                       # this will most probably brake your cmd ... 
                       # $objLogger->LogDebugMsg ( "row: $row , col: $col with txt: $txt \n" ) ; 
                    } or $txt = 'N/A' ; 

                    # Write a formatted and unformatted string, row and column notation.
                    $objWorkSheet->write($xlsRow, $col, $txt);

                 } #eof foreach col

                 # we just want to dump all the tables into the one sheet
                 $xlsRow++ ; 
               } #eof foreach row
               sleep 1 ; 
           }  #eof foreach table

           # close the opened in the UI document
           $objMSWord->ActiveDocument->Close;

           # OBS !!! now we are able to print 
           $objLogger->LogDebugMsg ( $tableText . "\n" );

           # exit the whole Word application
           $objMSWord->Quit;

           return ( $ret , $msg ) ; 
     }
     #eof sub doParseDoc