Ubuntu 16 致命错误：Python.h：没有这样的文件或目录（未使用 python-devel 解决）

Question

在安装了 Anaconda 3.6 的 Ubuntu 16.04 上尝试编译 pycaffe 时，出现以下错误：

python/caffe/_caffe.cpp:1:52: fatal error: Python.h: No such file or directory

我尝试安装 python-devel 软件包

sudo apt-get install python3-dev 
sudo apt-get install python3.5-dev
sudo apt-get install python3.6-dev 

但即使分别尝试了其中的每一个，也会出现相同的错误。

.bashrc 中似乎添加了正确的 PATH

export PATH="home/jdevezas/anaconda/bin:$PATH"

在 Caffe 的 makefile.config 中我有

# NOTE: this is required only if you will compile the python interface.
# We need to be able to find Python.h and numpy/arrayobject.h.
#PYTHON_INCLUDE := /usr/include/python2.7 \
        /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/numpy/core/include
# Anaconda Python distribution is quite popular. Include path:
# Verify anaconda location, sometimes it's in root.

ANACONDA_HOME := /home/jdevezas/anaconda

#PYTHON_INCLUDE := $(ANACONDA_HOME)/include \
#            $(ANACONDA_HOME)/include/python2.7 \
#            $(ANACONDA_HOME)/lib/python2.7/site-packages/numpy/core/include

# Uncomment to use Python 3 (default is Python 2)
 PYTHON_LIBRARIES := boost_python3 python3.5m
 PYTHON_INCLUDE := /usr/include/python3.5m \
                 /usr/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/numpy/core/include

我也尝试过使用 Python 2.7，但没有结果。有什么建议吗？

Answer 1

对于python 2：

sudo apt-get install python-dev

对于python 3+：

sudo apt-get install python3-dev

然后，尝试做：

locate Python.h

并使用它在您的 makefile 中找到的目录。头文件似乎在 /usr/include/python2.7/