【发布时间】:2018-06-23 06:49:57
【问题描述】:
我正在关注 coursera 作业的代码,该作业使用双向 LSTM 实现 NER 标记器。
但我无法理解嵌入矩阵是如何更新的。在下面的代码中,build_layers 有一个变量 embedding_matrix_variable,它充当 LSTM 的输入。但是它没有在任何地方更新。
您能帮我了解嵌入是如何被训练的吗?
def build_layers(self, vocabulary_size, embedding_dim, n_hidden_rnn, n_tags):
initial_embedding_matrix = np.random.randn(vocabulary_size, embedding_dim) / np.sqrt(embedding_dim)
embedding_matrix_variable = tf.Variable(initial_embedding_matrix, name='embedding_matrix', dtype=tf.float32)
forward_cell = tf.nn.rnn_cell.DropoutWrapper(
tf.nn.rnn_cell.BasicLSTMCell(num_units=n_hidden_rnn, forget_bias=3.0),
input_keep_prob=self.dropout_ph,
output_keep_prob=self.dropout_ph,
state_keep_prob=self.dropout_ph
)
backward_cell = tf.nn.rnn_cell.DropoutWrapper(
tf.nn.rnn_cell.BasicLSTMCell(num_units=n_hidden_rnn, forget_bias=3.0),
input_keep_prob=self.dropout_ph,
output_keep_prob=self.dropout_ph,
state_keep_prob=self.dropout_ph
)
embeddings = tf.nn.embedding_lookup(embedding_matrix_variable, self.input_batch)
(rnn_output_fw, rnn_output_bw), _ = tf.nn.bidirectional_dynamic_rnn(
cell_fw=forward_cell, cell_bw=backward_cell,
dtype=tf.float32,
inputs=embeddings,
sequence_length=self.lengths
)
rnn_output = tf.concat([rnn_output_fw, rnn_output_bw], axis=2)
self.logits = tf.layers.dense(rnn_output, n_tags, activation=None)
def compute_loss(self, n_tags, PAD_index):
"""Computes masked cross-entopy loss with logits."""
ground_truth_tags_one_hot = tf.one_hot(self.ground_truth_tags, n_tags)
loss_tensor = tf.nn.softmax_cross_entropy_with_logits(labels=ground_truth_tags_one_hot, logits=self.logits)
mask = tf.cast(tf.not_equal(self.input_batch, PAD_index), tf.float32)
self.loss = tf.reduce_mean(tf.reduce_sum(tf.multiply(loss_tensor, mask), axis=-1) / tf.reduce_sum(mask, axis=-1))
【问题讨论】:
标签: python tensorflow lstm word-embedding