从主机连接到 docker mysql

Question

我有 docker-compose（只显示 MySQL 部分）：

  site_mysql:
    image: site/mysql:latest
    build: ./images/mysql
    environment:
      MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: secret
    volumes:
      -  site_mysqldata:/var/lib/mysql
    networks:
      -  site_appnet
    ports:
      - "3306:3306"

我可以从容器内部连接到 MySQL，但我不能从 localhost，我得到的错误是 Host site_mysql is unknown。

docker 文件是：

FROM mysql:5.7

MAINTAINER Author

# The official MySQL docker image will run all .sh and .sql scripts found in this directory
# the first time the container is started.
COPY init.sql /docker-entrypoint-initdb.d
COPY my.cnf /etc/mysql/conf.d

我的.cnf：

[mysqld]
# Always use UTC
default-time-zone='+00:00'

# To turn off strict mode (alas, we started out that way, will be work to turn it on)
sql-mode="NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION"

max-allowed-packet = 16M

### Per-thread Buffers
sort-buffer-size = 2M
read-buffer-size = 128K
read-rnd-buffer-size = 256K
join-buffer-size = 256K

### Temp Tables
tmp-table-size = 64M
max-heap-table-size = 64M

#### Storage Engines
default-storage-engine = InnoDB
innodb = FORCE

init.sql：

CREATE DATABASE IF NOT EXISTS site;
CREATE DATABASE IF NOT EXISTS site_test;
CREATE USER 'site'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'secret';
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON site.* TO 'site'@'%' WITH GRANT OPTION;
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

我在不同的项目中使用了一段时间的相同配置，直到现在一切都还好。任何想法为什么我的主机无法识别site_mysql？

更新

另外，我有：

  site_memcached:
    image: memcached:1.4-alpine
    networks:
      -  videosite_appnet

在这里我可以使用site_memcached 作为主机名进行连接

Answer 1

如果你从你的主机连接你必须使用“localhost”而不是“site_mysql”

site_mysql: --> this is the servername within docker
    image: site/mysql:latest
    build: ./images/mysql
    environment:
      MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: secret
    volumes:
      -  site_mysqldata:/var/lib/mysql
    networks:
      -  site_appnet
    ports:
      - "3306:3306" --> here you open 
          port 3306 also on localhost (your host computer)
          and bind it to the containers port 3306

我的个人配置（mac 主机）是：（也许“重启：总是”有帮助）

db:
    image: "mysql:5"
    ports:
      - "3306:3306"
    networks:
      - main
    volumes:
      - ./mysql/config:/etc/mysql/conf.d:cached
      - ./mysql/data:/var/lib/mysql:cached
      - ./mysql/init:/docker-entrypoint-initdb.d:cached
    restart: always
    environment:
      TZ: UTC
      MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: somepassword

Answer 2

要从主机连接到 mySQL，请使用以下命令

docker exec -it mysql_container-name mysql -uroot -p

“root”是 MySQL 数据库的用户名。