Laravel phpunit 测试控制器，它返回带有数据的视图

Question

我正在尝试在 laravel 上调整 TDD，但是在测试控制器时遇到了麻烦，该控制器查询记录集合并在我运行测试时返回带有数据的视图，它返回一条错误消息，试图获取未定义属性的 id

// 我的测试

namespace Tests\Unit;

use Tests\TestCase;
use Illuminate\Foundation\Testing\WithFaker;
use Illuminate\Foundation\Testing\RefreshDatabase;
use Illuminate\Foundation\Testing\WithoutMiddleware;


class JobApplicationTest extends TestCase
{
use WithoutMiddleware;
/** @test */
public function user_can_see_all_open_positions()
{
    // when user visit apply for a job page
    $this->withoutExceptionHandling();
   $response = $this->get(route('positions.open'));
   $response->assertSuccessful();
   $response->assertViewIs('positions.open.index');
   $response->assertViewHas('positions');
}


}

// My controller

 public function open(Request $request)
{

    //TODO support additional filters & searches

    //initialize query
    $query = Position::query()->which()->are()->open();

    //paginate query result
    $positions = $query->paginate(config('app.defaults.pageSize'));

    $data = [
        'route_title' => 'Open Job Positions',
        'route_description' => 'Available Job Positions',
        'positions' => $positions,
    ];

    return view('positions.open.index', $data);
}

所以问题是当我运行文本时，它看起来返回的视图没有数据，而视图引用数据返回到控制器

运行测试时的错误消息

1) 测试\Unit\JobApplicationTest::user_can_see_all_open_positions ErrorException：试图获取非对象的属性“id”（查看： /var/www/html/ipf-projects/niajiri/resources/views/pos itions/open/index.blade.php)

---

<h3> 
    <a href="{{ route('positions.preview', [
        'id'   => $position->id,
        'slug' => str_slug($position->title)
    ]) }}" class="text-navy"> 
         {!! $position->title !!} - {!! $position->organization->name !!} 
    </a>
</h3>

Answer 1

在'positions.open.index' 内，它试图访问非对象上的id 属性。

这可能是因为您的$query 没有返回任何Position 对象（即$data->positions 返回一个空的Collection）

运行单元测试时，它很可能正在创建一个临时数据库（默认为sqlite），该数据库不会填充任何数据。尝试在您的测试中添加一些Positions，如下所示：

/** @test */
public function user_can_see_all_open_positions()
{
   // Create Positions
   Position::create([/* Some data here */]);
   Position::create([/* Some data here */]);

   // when user visit apply for a job page
   $this->withoutExceptionHandling();
   $response = $this->get(route('positions.open'));
   $response->assertSuccessful();
   $response->assertViewIs('positions.open.index');
   $response->assertViewHas('positions');
}