无法安装和运行 python 应用程序 MacOS

Question

当我想使用 pip 安装 pyinstaller 并收到以下错误时，问题就开始了。

ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1:
   command: /usr/local/opt/python/bin/python3.7 /usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip install --ignore-installed --no-user --prefix /private/var/folders/vv/cwv95ck53677_nsc37m749000000gn/T/pip-build-env-sdsbi36x/overlay --no-warn-script-location --no-binary :none: --only-binary :none: -i https://pypi.org/simple -- 'setuptools>=40.8.0' wheel
       cwd: None
  Complete output (36 lines):
  Traceback (most recent call last):
    File "/usr/local/Cellar/python/3.7.5/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/runpy.py", line 193, in _run_module_as_main
      "__main__", mod_spec)
    File "/usr/local/Cellar/python/3.7.5/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/runpy.py", line 85, in _run_code
      exec(code, run_globals)
    File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/__main__.py", line 16, in <module>
      from pip._internal.main import main as _main  # isort:skip # noqa
    File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/main.py", line 13, in <module>
      from pip._internal.cli.autocompletion import autocomplete
    File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/cli/autocompletion.py", line 11, in <module>
      from pip._internal.cli.main_parser import create_main_parser
    File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/cli/main_parser.py", line 7, in <module>
      from pip._internal.cli import cmdoptions
    File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/cli/cmdoptions.py", line 25, in <module>
      from pip._internal.locations import USER_CACHE_DIR, get_src_prefix
    File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/locations.py", line 18, in <module>
      from pip._internal.utils import appdirs
    File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/appdirs.py", line 16, in <module>
      from pip._internal.utils.compat import WINDOWS, expanduser
    File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/compat.py", line 17, in <module>
      from pip._vendor.urllib3.util import IS_PYOPENSSL
    File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/__init__.py", line 7, in <module>
      from .connectionpool import HTTPConnectionPool, HTTPSConnectionPool, connection_from_url
    File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/connectionpool.py", line 11, in <module>
      from .exceptions import (
    File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/exceptions.py", line 2, in <module>
      from .packages.six.moves.http_client import IncompleteRead as httplib_IncompleteRead
    File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/packages/six.py", line 199, in load_module
      mod = mod._resolve()
    File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/packages/six.py", line 113, in _resolve
      return _import_module(self.mod)
    File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/packages/six.py", line 82, in _import_module
      __import__(name)
    File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/http/__init__.py", line 7, in <module>
      raise ImportError('This package should not be accessible on Python 3. '
  ImportError: This package should not be accessible on Python 3. Either you are trying to run from the python-future src folder or your installation of python-future is corrupted.
  ----------------------------------------
ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1: /usr/local/opt/python/bin/python3.7 /usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip install --ignore-installed --no-user --prefix /private/var/folders/vv/cwv95ck53677_nsc37m749000000gn/T/pip-build-env-sdsbi36x/overlay --no-warn-script-location --no-binary :none: --only-binary :none: -i https://pypi.org/simple -- 'setuptools>=40.8.0' wheel Check the logs for full command output.

我尝试用谷歌搜索错误以找到解决方案，我尝试了unset $PYTHONPATH 的建议，然后我尝试使用 brew 重新安装整个 python，然后尝试再次安装 pyinstaller，此时我收到以下错误消息，现在得到当我尝试使用 pip 安装任何东西或运行任何 python 程序时出现此消息。我也在运行 MacOS Catalina 10.15.2。

$ python3 main.py

Error processing line 1 of /usr/local/Cellar/python/3.7.5/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/site-packages/backports.csv-1.0.6-py3.6-nspkg.pth:

Fatal Python error: initsite: Failed to import the site module
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/local/Cellar/python/3.7.5/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/site.py", line 168, in addpackage
    exec(line)
  File "<string>", line 1, in <module>
  File "/usr/local/Cellar/python/3.7.5/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/importlib/util.py", line 14, in <module>
    from contextlib import contextmanager
  File "/usr/local/Cellar/python/3.7.5/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/contextlib.py", line 5, in <module>
    from collections import deque
  File "/usr/local/Cellar/python/3.7.5/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/collections/__init__.py", line 27, in <module>
    from reprlib import recursive_repr as _recursive_repr
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/reprlib/__init__.py", line 7, in <module>
    raise ImportError('This package should not be accessible on Python 3. '
ImportError: This package should not be accessible on Python 3. Either you are trying to run from the python-future src folder or your installation of python-future is corrupted.

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/local/Cellar/python/3.7.5/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/site.py", line 579, in <module>
    main()
  File "/usr/local/Cellar/python/3.7.5/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/site.py", line 566, in main
    known_paths = addsitepackages(known_paths)
  File "/usr/local/Cellar/python/3.7.5/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/site.py", line 349, in addsitepackages
    addsitedir(sitedir, known_paths)
  File "/usr/local/Cellar/python/3.7.5/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/site.py", line 207, in addsitedir
    addpackage(sitedir, name, known_paths)
  File "/usr/local/Cellar/python/3.7.5/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/site.py", line 178, in addpackage
    import traceback
  File "/usr/local/Cellar/python/3.7.5/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/traceback.py", line 3, in <module>
    import collections
  File "/usr/local/Cellar/python/3.7.5/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/collections/__init__.py", line 27, in <module>
    from reprlib import recursive_repr as _recursive_repr
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/reprlib/__init__.py", line 7, in <module>
    raise ImportError('This package should not be accessible on Python 3. '
ImportError: This package should not be accessible on Python 3. Either you are trying to run from the python-future src folder or your installation of python-future is corrupted.

$ python3 --version

Python 3.7.5

如果有人可以提供帮助，我将不胜感激。谢谢！

---

更新

在查看this 问题后，我决定重新安装我的操作系统。感谢那些帮助我完善搜索并找到这些问题的人。

Answer 1

一些建议（在你再次从系统中擦除你的 python 之后）：

• 尝试安装 pyinstaller 的开发版本，以防它们出现错误： pip install https://github.com/pyinstaller/pyinstaller/archive/develop.zip
• 忘记 pip 并安装 anaconda。 Anaconda 是一个用于处理版本控制和依赖关系的包管理器。版本控制和依赖关系是您在这里遇到的问题。

另一个注意事项：您的系统上可能有多个版本的 python。我看到你在那里运行python3。您是否也在运行pip3？确保这些来自同一路径...执行which python 3 和which pip3。您还可以找到所有 python 安装：How to find all python installations on mac os x and uninstall all but the native OS X installation 并删除它们，或者至少确保您不会无意中使用它们。