使用 Requests 包通过 Python 的 Vertic API 身份验证问题答案

【问题标题】：Vertic API authentications issues via Python using Requests package使用 Requests 包通过 Python 的 Vertic API 身份验证问题
【发布时间】：2020-07-13 06:38:32
【问题描述】：

尝试使用以下代码连接到 Vertiv API 以通过 python 获取有关 PDU 数据的信息，但我不断收到此错误。 IP 地址和登录信息是准确的，因为我能够通过 GUI 进行连接。所以我必须在应用程序中设置一些东西才能连接请求？

import requests
import json

##### Section: Authenticate to the API
# Set the base URL for the API call
base = 'http://15.10.10.100:8080/api/v1' #This is the URL to an ACS devices API

# Define the final portion of the URL for authenticating and getting an auth token
sessionlogin = '/sessions/login'

# Build the final URL to send
final_url = base + sessionlogin

# Set the POST parameters

headers = {'Content-Type': 'application/json'} #Have to set it to JSON
credentials = {'username': 'access_username', 'password': 'user_password'} #Default username and password for an ACS device.

# Send the POST and the parameters
response = requests.post(final_url, data=json.dumps(credentials), headers=headers) #Sending the POST authentication

这是我收到的错误消息。

raceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/urllib3/connection.py", line 160, in _new_conn
    (self._dns_host, self.port), self.timeout, **extra_kw
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/urllib3/util/connection.py", line 84, in create_connection
    raise err
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/urllib3/util/connection.py", line 74, in create_connection

    sock.connect(sa)
ConnectionRefusedError: [Errno 111] Connection refused
During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/urllib3/connectionpool.py", line 677, in urlopen
    chunked=chunked,
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/urllib3/connectionpool.py", line 392, in _make_request
    conn.request(method, url, **httplib_request_kw)
  File "/usr/lib64/python3.6/http/client.py", line 1254, in request

    self._send_request(method, url, body, headers, encode_chunked)

  File "/usr/lib64/python3.6/http/client.py", line 1300, in _send_request
    self.endheaders(body, encode_chunked=encode_chunked)
  File "/usr/lib64/python3.6/http/client.py", line 1249, in endheaders
    self._send_output(message_body, encode_chunked=encode_chunked)
  File "/usr/lib64/python3.6/http/client.py", line 1036, in _send_output
    self.send(msg)
  File "/usr/lib64/python3.6/http/client.py", line 974, in send
    self.connect()
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/urllib3/connection.py", line 187, in connect
    conn = self._new_conn()
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/urllib3/connection.py", line 172, in _new_conn
    self, "Failed to establish a new connection: %s" % e
urllib3.exceptions.NewConnectionError: <urllib3.connection.HTTPConnection object at 0x7f535f6b1a90>: 
Failed to establish a new connection: [Errno 111] Connection refused

【问题讨论】：

您的环境是否可以通过curl 访问该网站？
是的。我运行以下 cmd curl -H "Content-Type:application/json" -H "Accept:application/json" http://15.10.10.100/api/v1/sessions/login -d '{"username":"access_username","pasword":"user_password"}' 并没有得到任何输出或错误消息
您确定 API 接受凭据作为正文吗？如果是这样，那么试试requests.post(final_url, json=credentials, headers=headers)
就curl 命令而言，尝试发送用户名和密码如下 - curl --user access_username: user_password http://15.10.10.100/api/v1/sessions/login

标签： python-3.x api authentication python-requests

【解决方案1】：

我相信，发送 headers 不会有任何区别，因为此请求没有发送任何数据。
尝试像这样重构您的请求：

凭据 = { “用户名”：“访问用户名”， “密码”：“用户密码”， } 响应 = 请求.post( 最终网址， auth=(credentials["username"], credentials["password"]), )

【讨论】：