动画移动点[关闭]

Question

我需要为一个随机移动的点/图设置动画，直到它穿过一个圆圈，然后它会停留在圆圈上。理想情况下，将有几个点，当最终在圆上时，它们将均匀分布在所述圆上。 我见过使用 matplotlib 和 matplotlib.animate 的代码，它们对函数的图形进行动画处理，但我无法完全理解它们。

感谢您的宝贵时间！

编辑： This is what it would look like with one dot

And with several dots

Answer 1

我从来没有在 Python 中制作过任何动画，所以我认为我可以学习一些新的东西，并编写了以下代码来动画一个点，所以它在随机方向上移动。也许它会帮助你开始你的任务。代码基于matplotlib-animation-tutorial。

编辑：我有一些长途火车旅行，我已经实现了你所要求的东西。这里有一堆随机移动的点。一旦他们进入蓝色圆圈，他们就会尝试最大化他们之间的距离，所以一段时间后看起来就像你想要的那样。

"""
Matplotlib Animation Example

author: Jake Vanderplas
email: vanderplas@astro.washington.edu
website: http://jakevdp.github.com
license: BSD
Please feel free to use and modify this, but keep the above information. Thanks!
"""
import numpy as np
from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
from matplotlib import animation
import math

# Initializing number of dots
N = 25


# Creating dot class
class dot(object):
    def __init__(self):
        self.x = 10 * np.random.random_sample()
        self.y = 10 * np.random.random_sample()
        self.velx = self.generate_new_vel()
        self.vely = self.generate_new_vel()

    def generate_new_vel(self):
        return (np.random.random_sample() - 0.5) / 5

    def move(self):
        def distance(x1, y1, x2, y2):
            return math.sqrt((x2 - x1) ** 2 + (y2 - y1) ** 2)

        def inside(x1, y1):
            if distance(x1, y1, 5, 5) <= 1:
                return True
            else:
                return False

        def calc_dist(d):
            ret = 0
            for x in dots:
                if inside(x.x, x.y) and x != d:                            
                    ret = ret + distance(x.x, x.y, d.x, d.y)
            return ret

        # if dot is inside the circle it tries to maximize the distances to
        # other dots inside circle
        if inside(self.x, self.y):
            dist = calc_dist(self)
            for i in xrange(1, 10):
                self.velx = self.generate_new_vel()
                self.vely = self.generate_new_vel()
                self.x = self.x + self.velx
                self.y = self.y + self.vely
                if calc_dist(self) <= dist or not inside(self.x, self.y):
                    self.x = self.x - self.velx
                    self.y = self.y - self.vely
        else:
            if np.random.random_sample() < 0.95:
                self.x = self.x + self.velx
                self.y = self.y + self.vely
            else:
                self.velx = self.generate_new_vel()
                self.vely = self.generate_new_vel()
                self.x = self.x + self.velx
                self.y = self.y + self.vely
            if self.x >= 10:
                self.x = 10
                self.velx = -1 * self.velx
            if self.x <= 0:
                self.x = 0
                self.velx = -1 * self.velx
            if self.y >= 10:
                self.y = 10
                self.vely = -1 * self.vely
            if self.y <= 0:
                self.y = 0
                self.vely = -1 * self.vely

# Initializing dots
dots = [dot() for i in xrange(N)]

# First set up the figure, the axis, and the plot element we want to animate
fig = plt.figure()
ax = plt.axes(xlim=(0, 10), ylim=(0, 10))
d, = ax.plot([dot.x for dot in dots],
             [dot.y for dot in dots], 'ro')
circle = plt.Circle((5, 5), 1, color='b', fill=False)
ax.add_artist(circle)


# animation function.  This is called sequentially
def animate(i):
    for dot in dots:
        dot.move()
    d.set_data([dot.x for dot in dots],
               [dot.y for dot in dots])
    return d,

# call the animator.  blit=True means only re-draw the parts that have changed.
anim = animation.FuncAnimation(fig, animate, frames=200, interval=20)

plt.show()