如何在这本字典中使用 if 语句

Question

这是我的代码

players = []
while len(players) >= 0:
    name = input('Enter a name: ')
    players.append(name)
    if name == '':
        players.pop()
        break
    else:
        pass             

player_dict = {name: [] for name in players}
print(player_dict)

for name in player_dict:
    answer = input(name + ', who will win the fight? ')
    player_dict[name].append(answer)

fight_winner = input('Who won the fight? ')

for name in player_dict:
    if answer == fight_winner:
        print(name + ' = Correct')
    else:
        print(name + ' = Incorrect')
print(player_dict)

这是我运行代码时看到的

Enter a name: bill
Enter a name: bob
Enter a name: 
{'bill': [], 'bob': []}
bill, who will win the fight? red
bob, who will win the fight? blue
Who won the fight? red
bill = Incorrect
bob = Incorrect
{'bill': ['red'], 'bob': ['blue']}

我希望看到bill = Correct。如何访问每个个体值并通过 if 语句运行它？感谢您的帮助

Answer 1

改变

for name in player_dict:
    if answer == fight_winner:
        print(name + ' = Correct')
    else:
        print(name + ' = Incorrect')
print(player_dict)

收件人：

for name, colors in player_dict.items():
    if fight_winner in colors:
        print(name + ' = Correct')
    else:
        print(name + ' = Incorrect')
print(player_dict)

您的fight_winner 是名称以外的颜色。您将颜色存储到列表中，如下所示：

player_dict[name].append(answer)

键是名称，值是颜色列表。因此当你迭代字典player_dict时，你应该根据颜色fight_winner找到name

你不能在条件语句if answer == fight_winner: 中使用变量 answer，原因是 answer 的值总是由最后一次迭代分配的，它可能没有给你正确的比较。

例如，如果顺序是蓝色然后是红色，答案是红色，并且您将fight_winner 设置为蓝色，则两个玩家都是Incorrect。

下面是我的测试：

python test.py                                  
Enter a name: bill
Enter a name: bob
Enter a name:
{'bill': [], 'bob': []}
bill, who will win the fight? red
bob, who will win the fight? blue
Who won the fight? red
bill = Correct
bob = Incorrect
{'bill': ['red'], 'bob': ['blue']}

Answer 2

在当前形式下，您可以通过更改使您的代码工作：

if answer == fight_winner:

到：

if player_dict[name][0] == fight_winner:

或者（甚至更好）：

answer = player_dict[name][0]
if answer == fight_winner:

但是，我不认为每个玩家的字典条目都需要是一个列表，因为您只为每个玩家存储一个值。考虑改用以下内容：

player_dict = {}

for name in players:
    answer = input(name + ', who will win the fight? ')
    player_dict[name] = answer

fight_winner = input('Who won the fight? ')

for name, answer in player_dict:
    if answer == fight_winner:
        print(name + ' = Correct')
    else:
        print(name + ' = Incorrect')

这种方法似乎更具可读性（至少在我看来），并且不使用 player_dict 中的列表，因为它们不是必需的（在您的代码的当前形式中）。