Django 模型表单，与另一个模型的一对一字段，更新两个模型中的字段

Question

我正在使用django.contrib.auth.models User model。我还有另一个名为 UserProfile 的类，它本质上是 django 用户模型的扩展。

class UserProfile(models.Model):
    user = models.OneToOneField(User, related_name='userprofile', primary_key=True)
    age = models.CharField(max_length=3, blank=True)
    shortbio = models.CharField(max_length=400, blank=True)

所以我想有一个基于UserProfile 模型的表单，而且还整合了User 类中的名字和姓氏等现有字段。并允许我以一种形式更新UserProfile 和User 的两个字段。我该如何处理？

Answer 1

有 3 个步骤可以实现这一目标。我昨天碰巧做了一件非常相似的事情。首先是模型，然后是视图，然后是模板。

型号：

此代码可确保在用户注册时也会创建新的个人资料。在 UserProfile 下添加此代码，不带标签。

# This will ensure the profile is made when a user is created
@receiver(post_save, sender=User)
def create_user_profile(sender, instance, created, **kwargs):
    if created:
        UserProfile.objects.create(user=instance)

观看次数：

我会假设这个表格是用于注册的，就像我的一样。这（对我而言）需要大量代码，因为您需要做一些事情。 (1) 保存新用户。 (2) 设置新的用户配置文件 (3) 保存用户配置文件

# This method will allow a user to register for an account
def register_user(request):
    form1 = UserForm(prefix="user")
    form2 = ProfileForm(prefix="profile")

    if request.method == "POST":
        form1 = UserForm(request.POST, prefix="user")
        form2 = ProfileForm(request.POST, prefix="profile")

        if form1.is_valid() and form2.is_valid():
            # Save form1 with no commit
            user = form1.save(commit=False) 
            # Code you may add for your website registration, example
            # user.email = form1.cleaned_data['email'] 
            user.save()
            user.userprofile.user = user
            user.userprofile.age = form2.cleaned_data['age']
            user.userprofile.bio = form2.cleaned_data['bio']
            user.userprofile.save()
            # Some return statement you choose
            return redirect('app_name:index')
    # ***
    return render(request, 'accounts/register.html', {"form1": form1, "form2": form2}) 

注意：即使不是用于寄存器，此代码也应该相似。无论如何，您基本上都需要重置所有内容。

模板：

这很简单。在 forms.py 中制作您自己的用户表单和个人资料表单，然后将它们返回到您的视图函数。注意最后一行的 ***。然后在您的模板中添加：

<h4>Register for an Account</h4>
{% if error_message %}
     <p><strong>{{ error_message }}</strong></p>
{% endif %}

<form class="form-horizontal" role="form" action="" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
   {% csrf_token %}
   {{form1}}
   {{form2}}
   <br>
   <div class="form-group">
       <div class="col-sm-offset-2 col-sm-10">
             <button type="submit" class="btn btn-success">Submit</button>
       </div>
   </div>
</form>

Answer 2

有一些方法可以做到，这里有一个：

网址：

from app import views
from app import views

urlpatterns = [
    url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls),
    url(r'^complementary/', views.complementary)
]

型号：

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from __future__ import unicode_literals

from django.contrib.auth.models import User
from django.db import models


# Create your models here.
class UserProfile(models.Model):
    user_p = models.OneToOneField(User, related_name='userprofile',
                                primary_key=True)
    age = models.CharField(max_length=3, blank=True)
    shortbio = models.CharField(max_length=400, blank=True)

观看次数：

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from __future__ import unicode_literals

from django.shortcuts import redirect
from django.shortcuts import render

from app.forms import UserEditForm, ProfileEditForm
from app.models import UserProfile


# Create your views here.
def complementary(request):
    profile = UserProfile.objects.get(user_p=1)
    user_form = UserEditForm(instance=request.user)
    profile_form = ProfileEditForm(instance=request.user)

    if request.method == 'POST':
        user_form = UserEditForm(instance=request.user,
                                 data=request.POST)
        profile_form = ProfileEditForm(instance=request.user.usuario,
                                       data=request.POST,
                                       files=request.FILES)

        if user_form.is_valid() and profile_form.is_valid():
            user_form.save()
            profile_form.save()
            return redirect('redirect_url')

    dic = {'profile': profile,
           'user_form': user_form,
           'profile_form': profile_form}

    return render(request, 'template.html', dic)

表格：

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from django import forms
from django.contrib.auth.models import User
from django.core.validators import RegexValidator
from app.models import UserProfile


class UserEditForm(forms.ModelForm):
    # Regex for non-digits
    name_val = [RegexValidator(r'^[a-zA-ZÀ-Ÿ_]+( [a-zA-ZÀ-Ÿ_]+)*$',
                               message='Non-digits',
                               code='invalid_name')]

    first_name = forms.CharField(
        label='Name *',
        validators=name_val,
        widget=forms.TextInput(attrs={'placeholder': 'Name: '})
    )
    last_name = forms.CharField(
        label='Last Name *',
        validators=name_val,
        widget=forms.TextInput(attrs={'placeholder': 'Last Name: '})
    )

    class Meta:
        model = User
        fields = ('first_name', 'last_name', 'email')


class ProfileEditForm(forms.ModelForm):
    class Meta:
        model = UserProfile
        exclude = 'id',

模板.html：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
    {{ profile.shortbio }}
    <form role="form" method="post" id="custom-form">
        {% csrf_token %}
        {{ user_form.as_p }}
        {{ profile_form.as_p }}
        <button type="submit"></button>
    </form>
</body>
</html>