django 表单是否有“SelectDateTime”小部件？

Question

与 SelectDate 小部件基本相同，但也有一个小时组件。官方文档里好像没找到？

Answer 1

这是我使用的拆分日期/时间小部件：

首先，时间小部件。有很多代码。我在这里复制/粘贴，所以可能有你不需要的进口。我将它保存在一个名为“custom_form_widgets.py”的文件中。

在底部，您会看到我的“FriendlySplitDateTimeWidget”类，您可以在表单中使用它。小时可以基于 24 或 12 小时制。日期字段呈现为文本输入，但您可以轻松添加您选择的 JavaScript 弹出日历实现。希望对您有所帮助。

import re
from datetime import datetime

from django import forms
from django.conf import settings
from django.forms.widgets import Widget, Select, MultiWidget, DateInput, TimeInput
from django.template.loader import render_to_string
from django.utils.safestring import mark_safe
from django.utils.text import truncate_words

# Attempt to match many time formats:
# Example: "12:34:56 P.M."  matches:
# ('12', '34', ':56', '56', 'P.M.', 'P', '.', 'M', '.')
# ('12', '34', ':56', '56', 'P.M.')
# Note that the colon ":" before seconds is optional, but only if seconds are omitted
time_pattern = r'(\d\d?):(\d\d)(:(\d\d))? *((a{1}|A{1}|p{1}|P{1})(\.)?(m{1}|M{1})(\.)?)?$'

RE_TIME = re.compile(time_pattern)
# The following are just more readable ways to access re.matched groups:
HOURS = 0
MINUTES = 1
SECONDS = 3
MERIDIEM = 4

class SelectTimeWidget(Widget):
    """
    A Widget that splits time input into <select> elements.
    Allows form to show as 24hr: <hour>:<minute>,
    or as 12hr: <hour>:<minute> <am|pm> 

    Also allows user-defined increments for minutes/seconds
    """
    hour_field = '%s_hour'
    minute_field = '%s_minute'
    second_field = '%s_second'
    meridiem_field = '%s_meridiem'
    twelve_hr = False # Default to 24hr.

    def __init__(self, attrs=None, hour_step=None, minute_step=None, second_step=None, twelve_hr=False):
        '''
        hour_step, minute_step, second_step are optional step values for
        for the range of values for the associated select element
        twelve_hr: If True, forces the output to be in 12-hr format (rather than 24-hr)
        '''
        self.attrs = attrs or {}

        if twelve_hr:
            self.twelve_hr = True # Do 12hr (rather than 24hr)

        if hour_step and twelve_hr:
            self.hours = range(1, 13, hour_step)
        elif hour_step: # 24hr, with stepping.
            self.hours = range(0, 24, hour_step)
        elif twelve_hr: # 12hr, no stepping
            self.hours = range(1, 13)
        else: # 24hr, no stepping
            self.hours = range(0, 24)

        if minute_step:
            self.minutes = range(0, 60, minute_step)
        else:
            self.minutes = range(0, 60)

        if second_step:
            self.seconds = range(0, 60, second_step)
        else:
            self.seconds = range(0, 60)

    def render(self, name, value, attrs=None):
        try: # try to get time values from a datetime.time object (value)
            hour_val, minute_val, second_val = value.hour, value.minute, value.second
            if self.twelve_hr:
                if hour_val >= 12:
                    meridiem_val = 'p.m.'
                else:
                    meridiem_val = 'a.m.'
            else:
                meridiem_val = None
        except AttributeError:
            hour_val = minute_val = second_val = meridiem_val = ''
            if isinstance(value, basestring):
                match = RE_TIME.match(value)
                if match:
                    time_groups = match.groups();
                    hour_val = int(time_groups[HOURS]) % 24 # force to range(0-24)
                    minute_val = int(time_groups[MINUTES])

                    if time_groups[SECONDS] is None:
                        second_val = 0
                    else:
                        second_val = int(time_groups[SECONDS])

                    # check to see if meridiem was passed in
                    if time_groups[MERIDIEM] is not None:
                        meridiem_val = time_groups[MERIDIEM]
                    else: # otherwise, set the meridiem based on the time
                        if self.twelve_hr:
                            if hour_val >= 12:
                                meridiem_val = 'p.m.'
                            else:
                                meridiem_val = 'a.m.'
                        else:
                            meridiem_val = None

        if self.twelve_hr:
            # Modify the hour value appopriately for 12-hour clocks.
            if hour_val > 12 and hour_val < 24:
                hour_val = hour_val % 12
            elif hour_val == 0:
                hour_val = 12

        output = []
        if 'id' in self.attrs:
            id_ = self.attrs['id']
        else:
            id_ = 'id_%s' % name

        # NOTE: for times to get displayed correctly, the values MUST be converted to unicode
        # When Select builds a list of options, it checks against Unicode values
        if hour_val != '':
            hour_val = u"%.2d" % hour_val
        if minute_val != '':
            minute_val = u"%.2d" % minute_val
        if second_val != '':
            second_val = u"%.2d" % second_val

        hour_choices = [("%.2d" % i, "%.2d" % i) for i in self.hours]
        hour_choices[0:0] = [('', '--')]
        local_attrs = self.build_attrs(id=self.hour_field % id_)
        select_html = Select(choices=hour_choices).render(self.hour_field % name, hour_val, local_attrs)
        output.append(select_html)

        minute_choices = [("%.2d" % i, "%.2d" % i) for i in self.minutes]
        minute_choices[0:0] = [('', '--')]
        local_attrs['id'] = self.minute_field % id_
        select_html = Select(choices=minute_choices).render(self.minute_field % name, minute_val, local_attrs)
        output.append(select_html)

        second_choices = [("%.2d" % i, "%.2d" % i) for i in self.seconds]
        second_choices[0:0] = [('', '--')]
        local_attrs['id'] = self.second_field % id_
        select_html = Select(choices=second_choices).render(self.second_field % name, second_val, local_attrs)
        output.append(select_html)

        if self.twelve_hr:
            #  If we were given an initial value, make sure the correct meridiem get's selected.
            if meridiem_val and meridiem_val.startswith('p'):
                meridiem_choices = [('p.m.', 'p.m.'), ('a.m.', 'a.m.'), ('', '--')]
            else:
                meridiem_choices = [('', '--'), ('a.m.', 'a.m.'), ('p.m.', 'p.m.')]

            local_attrs['id'] = local_attrs['id'] = self.meridiem_field % id_
            select_html = Select(choices=meridiem_choices).render(self.meridiem_field % name, meridiem_val, local_attrs)
            output.append(select_html)

        selects_html = u'\n'.join(output)

        return mark_safe('<div class="friendly_time_widget">%s</div>') % (selects_html)

    def id_for_label(self, id_):
        return '%s_hour' % id_
    id_for_label = classmethod(id_for_label)

    def value_from_datadict(self, data, files, name):
        meridiem = data.get(self.meridiem_field % name)
        h = data.get(self.hour_field % name, 0) # hour
        m = data.get(self.minute_field % name, 0) # minute
        s = data.get(self.second_field % name, 0) # second

        if any(falsy in (h, m) for falsy in ('', None)):
            return None

        #NOTE: if meridiem IS None, assume 24-hr
        if meridiem is not None:
            if meridiem.lower().startswith('p') and int(h) != 12:
                h = (int(h) + 12) % 24
            elif meridiem.lower().startswith('a') and int(h) == 12:
                h = 0

        if (int(h) == 0 or h) and m and s:
            return '%s:%s:%s' % (h, m, s)

        return data.get(name, None)

#This is the widget that splits the date and time.
class FriendlySplitDateTimeWidget(MultiWidget):
    """
    A Widget that splits datetime input into two <input type="text"> boxes
    and uses a better time selector
    """
    date_format = DateInput.format
    time_format = TimeInput.format

    def __init__(self, attrs=None, date_format=None, time_format=None, twelve_hr=True):
        if date_format:
            self.date_format = date_format
        if time_format:
            self.time_format = time_format
        widgets = (DateInput(attrs=attrs, format=self.date_format),
                   SelectTimeWidget(twelve_hr=twelve_hr))
        super(FriendlySplitDateTimeWidget, self).__init__(widgets, attrs)

    def decompress(self, value):
        if value:
            if isinstance(value, basestring):
                value = datetime.strptime(value, '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')
            return [value.date(), value.time().replace(microsecond=0)]
        return [None, None]