Django 表单验证错误？

Question

我正在尝试运行和验证表单，但遇到了一些问题。它不显示表单，而是呈现我在表单无效时显示的模板。

这是我的模型：

class Preference(models.Model):
    CLASS_CHOICES = [('1', '1'), ('2', '2'), ('3', '3')]
    BOARD_CHOICES = [('C', 'CBSE'), ('I', 'ICSE'), ('S', 'State Board')]
    SLOT_CHOICES = [('M', 'Morning'), ('A', 'AfterNoon'), ('E', 'Evening')]
    SUBJECT_CHOICES = [('H', 'HINDI'), ('M', 'MATH'), ('E', 'ENGLISH')]
    LOCATION_CHOICES = [('M', 'My Home'), ('T', 'I am willing to travel')]
    GENDER_CHOICES = [('M', 'Male'), ('F', 'Female'), ('B', 'Both are Fine')]
    Class = models.CharField(max_length=2, choices=CLASS_CHOICES, default='1', blank=False)
    Board = models.CharField(max_length=2, choices=BOARD_CHOICES, default='C', blank=False)
    Subject = models.CharField(max_length=2, choices=SUBJECT_CHOICES, default='M', blank=False)
    Frequency = models.IntegerField(default=7)
    Slot = models.CharField(max_length=2, choices=SLOT_CHOICES, default='E', blank=False)
    Location = models.CharField(max_length=2, choices=LOCATION_CHOICES, default='M', blank=False)
    Gender = models.CharField(max_length=2, choices=GENDER_CHOICES, default='M', blank=False)
    Address = models.CharField(max_length=250, blank=True)
    Travel = models.IntegerField(default=5)
    Name = models.CharField(max_length=50, blank=True)
    Contact = models.IntegerField(default=100)

这是我的表格：

class PreferenceForm(forms.ModelForm):
    class Meta:
        model = Preference
        fields = ['Class', 'Board', 'Subject', 'Frequency', 'Slot', 'Location', 'Gender', 'Address',
                  'Travel', 'Name', 'Contact']
        widgets = {
               'Board': forms.RadioSelect(),
               'Subject': forms.CheckboxSelectMultiple(),
               'Slot': forms.CheckboxSelectMultiple(),
               'Location': forms.CheckboxSelectMultiple(),
               'Gender': forms.RadioSelect()}

这是我的观点：

def pref2(request):
    form = PreferenceForm(request.POST or None)
    if form.is_valid():
        prefer = form.save(commit=False)
        prefer.save()
        return HttpResponse('Thank You!')
    else:
        print(form.errors)
        return render(request, 'website/tutors.html')

当我运行该应用程序时，它会呈现“tutors.html”模板而不显示表单，并且form.errors 不会显示任何错误。

感谢所有帮助/建议。

Answer 1

[编辑]：你得到的验证错误解释得很好here。为了使其工作，您应该再添加 3 个模型：

class Subject(models.Model):
    SUBJECT_CHOICES = [('H', 'HINDI'), ('M', 'MATH'), ('E', 'ENGLISH')]

    name = models.CharField(max_length=2, choices=SUBJECT_CHOICES, default='M', blank=False)

    def __str__(self):
        return self.name


class Slot(models.Model):
    SLOT_CHOICES = [('M', 'Morning'), ('A', 'AfterNoon'), ('E', 'Evening')]

    name = models.CharField(max_length=2, choices=SLOT_CHOICES, default='E', blank=False)

    def __str__(self):
        return self.name

class Location(models.Model):
    LOCATION_CHOICES = [('M', 'My Home'), ('T', 'I am willing to travel')]

    name = models.CharField(max_length=2, choices=LOCATION_CHOICES, default='M', blank=False)

    def __str__(self):
        return self.name

现在，在您的 Preference 模型中，将其更改为：

class Preference(models.Model):
    CLASS_CHOICES = [('1', '1'), ('2', '2'), ('3', '3')]
    BOARD_CHOICES = [('C', 'CBSE'), ('I', 'ICSE'), ('S', 'State Board')]
    GENDER_CHOICES = [('M', 'Male'), ('F', 'Female'), ('B', 'Both are Fine')]

    Class = models.CharField(max_length=2, choices=CLASS_CHOICES, default='1', blank=False)
    Board = models.CharField(max_length=2, choices=BOARD_CHOICES, default='C', blank=False)
    subjects = models.ManyToManyField(Subject)
    Frequency = models.IntegerField(default=7)
    slots = models.ManyToManyField(Slot)
    locations = models.ManyToManyField(Location)
    Gender = models.CharField(max_length=2, choices=GENDER_CHOICES, default='M', blank=False)
    Address = models.CharField(max_length=250, blank=True)
    Travel = models.IntegerField(default=5)
    Name = models.CharField(max_length=50, blank=True)
    Contact = models.IntegerField(default=100)

另外，请将您的字段重命名为小写（address 而不是Address）。第一个字母大写用于类名。 之后，运行 ./manage.py makemigrations 和 ./manage.py migrate 以应用更改。

[结束编辑]

您的tutors.html 模板中似乎没有显示您的表单。也就是说，您没有利用您刚刚创建的 PreferenceForm 课程。

所以，在tutors.html 中，写下：

<form method="post">{% csrf_token %}
    {{ form }}
    <input type="submit" name="submit_preference">
</form>

但这不会单独工作。您必须将form 变量从pref2 视图传递到您的模板（以便填充{{ form }}）。

改为：

return render(request, 'website/tutors.html', locals())

还有，

prefer = form.save(commit=False)
prefer.save()

是多余的。由于这两行之间没有数据操作（即您没有以某种方式修改prefer 表单），您可以将其设为一个，如下所示：

prefer = form.save()