NullPointerException 使用 PageFactory

Question

我刚开始使用页面工厂，但我似乎可以找出导致代码中出现空点异常的原因。这很可能是我如何调用驱动程序但不知道如何解决它的问题

在这里管理我的网络驱动程序

    public class Browser {

    public static WebDriver driver;


    public static void setup() {
        ChromeOptions handlingSSL = new ChromeOptions();
        handlingSSL.setAcceptInsecureCerts(true);

        WebDriverManager.chromedriver().setup();
        driver = new ChromeDriver(handlingSSL);
        driver.manage().window().maximize();
        driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
    }

    public static void quit() {
        driver.quit();
    }
}

为我的 TC 做准备

    public class Base {

    @BeforeMethod
    public void setup() {
        Browser.setup();
        Browser.driver.get("https://example.com");
    }


    @AfterMethod
    public void quit() {
        Browser.quit();
    }
}

包含所有元素的页面类

    public  class LoginPage {

    @FindBy (id = "username")
    WebElement username;
    @FindBy (id = "password")
    WebElement password;
    @FindBy (xpath = "//button[contains(text(), 'Sign')]")
    WebElement sign;


        public void logIn(String userName, String passWord) {
            username.sendKeys(userName);
            password.sendKeys(passWord);
            sign.click();
        }
    }

我也尝试在页面调用中添加构造方法，但也没有成功

public class LoginPageTest extends Base {

    LoginPage loginPage = PageFactory.initElements(Browser.driver, LoginPage.class);

    @Test
    public void verifyLoginTest(){
        loginPage.logIn("user","pass");
    }
}

java.lang.NullPointerException
    at org.openqa.selenium.support.pagefactory.DefaultElementLocator.findElement(DefaultElementLocator.java:69)
    at org.openqa.selenium.support.pagefactory.internal.LocatingElementHandler.invoke(LocatingElementHandler.java:38)
    at com.sun.proxy.$Proxy10.sendKeys(Unknown Source)
    at pages.LoginPage.logIn(LoginPage.java:18)
    at login.LoginPageTest.verifyLoginTest(LoginPageTest.java:16)
    at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
    at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
    at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:564)
    at org.testng.internal.MethodInvocationHelper.invokeMethod(MethodInvocationHelper.java:80)
    at org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeMethod(Invoker.java:714)
    at org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeTestMethod(Invoker.java:901)
    at org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeTestMethods(Invoker.java:1231)
    at org.testng.internal.TestMethodWorker.invokeTestMethods(TestMethodWorker.java:127)
    at org.testng.internal.TestMethodWorker.run(TestMethodWorker.java:111)
    at org.testng.TestRunner.privateRun(TestRunner.java:767)
    at org.testng.TestRunner.run(TestRunner.java:617)
    at org.testng.SuiteRunner.runTest(SuiteRunner.java:334)
    at org.testng.SuiteRunner.runSequentially(SuiteRunner.java:329)
    at org.testng.SuiteRunner.privateRun(SuiteRunner.java:291)
    at org.testng.SuiteRunner.run(SuiteRunner.java:240)
    at org.testng.SuiteRunnerWorker.runSuite(SuiteRunnerWorker.java:52)
    at org.testng.SuiteRunnerWorker.run(SuiteRunnerWorker.java:86)
    at org.testng.TestNG.runSuitesSequentially(TestNG.java:1198)
    at org.testng.TestNG.runSuitesLocally(TestNG.java:1123)
    at org.testng.TestNG.run(TestNG.java:1031)
    at com.intellij.rt.testng.IDEARemoteTestNG.run(IDEARemoteTestNG.java:66)
    at com.intellij.rt.testng.RemoteTestNGStarter.main(RemoteTestNGStarter.java:109)

Answer 1

您可能需要在 LoginPage.java 中有一个构造函数，并在该类中为驱动程序定义一个私有对象，如下所示：

private WebDriver driver;

public LoginPage(WebDriver driver) {
     this.driver = driver;
}