如何在 .NET Core 中修改文件访问控制

Question

我正在尝试更改 .NET Core 中文件的权限。 但是，FileInfo 似乎不再有任何SetAccessControl。

// Create a new FileInfo object.
FileInfo fInfo = new FileInfo(FileName);

// Get a FileSecurity object that represents the 
// current security settings.
FileSecurity fSecurity = fInfo.GetAccessControl();

// Add the FileSystemAccessRule to the security settings. 
fSecurity.AddAccessRule(new FileSystemAccessRule(Account,
                                                Rights,
                                                ControlType));

// Set the new access settings.
fInfo.SetAccessControl(fSecurity);

目标只是为文件的当前所有者添加执行权（这不是 Windows 或 Unix 特定的功能）。

关于如何在 .NET Core 上执行此操作的任何线索？

Answer 1

FileSecurity 类现在是 .NET Core 的 System.IO.FileSystem.AccessControl 包的一部分。不再有 File.GetAccessControl 方法，因此您需要自己实例化 FileSecurity 实例。

Answer 2

此时有两种扩展方式：GetAccessControl和SetAccessControl，用于FileInfo、DirectoryInfo等

所以你可以使用var ac = new FileInfo(path).GetAccessControl()，这个表达式在 .NET Framework 和 .Net Core 中都有效。但是你仍然需要dotnet add package System.IO.FileSystem.AccessControl。

File.GetAccessControl 在 .NET Core 中不可用。

参考：https://docs.microsoft.com/dotnet/api/system.io.filesystemaclextensions.getaccesscontrol

Answer 3

如何在 Windows 上获取和修改用户组其他权限

我终于实现了Windows文件权限访问：

1.获取文件安全性：

      var security = new FileSecurity(fileSystemInfoFullName, 
                AccessControlSections.Owner | 
                AccessControlSections.Group |
                AccessControlSections.Access);

2。获取授权规则：

var authorizationRules = security.GetAccessRules(true, true, typeof(NTAccount));

3.获取所有者的授权规则：

var owner = security.GetOwner(typeof(NTAccount));
foreach (AuthorizationRule rule in authorizationRules)
{
    FileSystemAccessRule fileRule = rule as FileSystemAccessRule;
    if (fileRule != null)
    {
        if (owner != null && fileRule.IdentityReference == owner)
        {
             if (fileRule.FileSystemRights.HasFlag(FileSystemRights.ExecuteFile) ||
                fileRule.FileSystemRights.HasFlag(FileSystemRights.ReadAndExecute) ||
                fileRule.FileSystemRights.HasFlag(FileSystemRights.FullControl))
            {
                ownerRights.IsExecutable = true;
            }
        }
        else if (group != null && fileRule.IdentityReference == group)
        {
            // TO BE CONTINUED...
        }
    }
}

4.为所有者添加规则：

security.ModifyAccessRule(AccessControlModification.Add,
    new FileSystemAccessRule(owner, FileSystemRights.Modify, AccessControlType.Allow),
    out bool modified);

5.奖金

如何获得group 和others，或者...我对等价物的定义？

var group = security.GetGroup(typeof(NTAccount));

var others = new SecurityIdentifier(WellKnownSidType.BuiltinUsersSid, null)
                 .Translate(typeof(NTAccount));

注意：此代码来自我的开源项目Lx.Shell

Answer 4

文档说这是受支持的并且它有效（对我来说）。 https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/api/system.io.filesystemaclextensions?view=dotnet-plat-ext-3.1 有一个 SetAccessControl 方法

请务必添加System.IO.FileSystem.AccessControl NuGet 包。

这是我在 .NET Framework 中的内容：

var ds = new DirectorySecurity();
ds.AddAccessRule(new FileSystemAccessRule(adminSI, FileSystemRights.FullControl, InheritanceFlags.ContainerInherit | InheritanceFlags.ObjectInherit, PropagationFlags.None, AccessControlType.Allow));
ds.SetAccessRuleProtection(true, false); // disable inheritance and clear any inherited permissions

Directory.SetAccessControl(<path to directory>, ds);

这就是它在 .NET Core 3.1 中的作用。只有最后一行不同：

var ds = new DirectorySecurity();
ds.AddAccessRule(new FileSystemAccessRule(adminSI, FileSystemRights.FullControl, InheritanceFlags.ContainerInherit | InheritanceFlags.ObjectInherit, PropagationFlags.None, AccessControlType.Allow));
ds.SetAccessRuleProtection(true, false); // disable inheritance and clear any inherited permissions

System.IO.FileSystemAclExtensions.SetAccessControl(new DirectoryInfo(<path to directory>), ds);

Answer 5

这是为了补充其他答案。请注意，System.IO.FileSystem.AccessControl 中的 GetAccessControl 和 SetAccessControl 与其他 .NET Core System.IO API 一样不支持长文件名（255 个字符）。

你收到的异常是内部调用抛出的ArgumentException，参数是name。

如果你使用的是那个包，如果你发现长文件名，你需要添加这个：

if (usingFile.FullName.Length > 255)
{
    usingFile = new FileInfo(@"\\?\" + file.FullName);
}

或

if (folder.FullName.Length > 255)
{
    folder = new DirectoryInfo(@"\\?\" + folder.FullName);
}

Answer 6

另一种处理目录或文件的acls的方法：

       // Adds an ACL entry on the specified directory for the specified account.
    public static void AddDirectorySecurity(string FileName, string Account, FileSystemRights Rights, AccessControlType ControlType)
    {
        // Create a new DirectoryInfo object.
        DirectoryInfo dInfo = new DirectoryInfo(FileName);

        // Get a DirectorySecurity object that represents the 
        // current security settings.
        DirectorySecurity dSecurity = dInfo.GetAccessControl();

        // Add the FileSystemAccessRule to the security settings. 
        dSecurity.AddAccessRule(new FileSystemAccessRule(Account,
                                                        Rights,
                                                        ControlType));

        // Set the new access settings.
        dInfo.SetAccessControl(dSecurity);
    }

    // Removes an ACL entry on the specified directory for the specified account.
    public static void RemoveDirectorySecurity(string FileName, string Account, FileSystemRights Rights, AccessControlType ControlType)
    {
        // Create a new DirectoryInfo object.
        DirectoryInfo dInfo = new DirectoryInfo(FileName);

        // Get a DirectorySecurity object that represents the 
        // current security settings.
        DirectorySecurity dSecurity = dInfo.GetAccessControl();

        // Add the FileSystemAccessRule to the security settings. 
        dSecurity.RemoveAccessRule(new FileSystemAccessRule(Account,
                                                        Rights,
                                                        ControlType));

        // Set the new access settings.
        dInfo.SetAccessControl(dSecurity);
    }

    // Adds an ACL entry on the specified file for the specified account.
    public static void AddFileSecurity(string fileName, string account,
        FileSystemRights rights, AccessControlType controlType)
    {

        // Create a new FileInfo object.
        FileInfo fInfo = new FileInfo(fileName);

        // Get a FileSecurity object that represents the 
        // current security settings.
        FileSecurity fSecurity = fInfo.GetAccessControl();

        // Add the FileSystemAccessRule to the security settings.
        fSecurity.AddAccessRule(new FileSystemAccessRule(account,
            rights, controlType));

        // Set the new access settings.
        fInfo.SetAccessControl(fSecurity);
    }

    // Removes an ACL entry on the specified file for the specified account.
    public static void RemoveFileSecurity(string fileName, string account,
        FileSystemRights rights, AccessControlType controlType)
    {

        // Create a new FileInfo object.
        FileInfo fInfo = new FileInfo(fileName);

        // Get a FileSecurity object that represents the 
        // current security settings.
        FileSecurity fSecurity = fInfo.GetAccessControl();

        // Remove the FileSystemAccessRule from the security settings.
        fSecurity.RemoveAccessRule(new FileSystemAccessRule(account,
            rights, controlType));

        // Set the new access settings.
        fInfo.SetAccessControl(fSecurity);
    }

    //example for open onClick folderdialog and get owner by NTACCOUNT of folder from acl
    private async void Button_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
    {
        var folderPicker = new Windows.Storage.Pickers.FolderPicker();
        folderPicker.SuggestedStartLocation = Windows.Storage.Pickers.PickerLocationId.Desktop;
        folderPicker.FileTypeFilter.Add("*");

        Windows.Storage.StorageFolder folder = await folderPicker.PickSingleFolderAsync();
        if (folder != null)
        {
            // Application now has read/write access to all contents in the picked folder
            // (including other sub-folder contents)
            Windows.Storage.AccessCache.StorageApplicationPermissions.
            FutureAccessList.AddOrReplace("PickedFolderToken", folder);

            // Create a new FileInfo object.
            FileInfo fInfo = new FileInfo(folder.ToString());

            // Get a FileSecurity object that represents the 
            // current security settings.
            FileSecurity fSecurity = fInfo.GetAccessControl();

            IdentityReference identityReference = fSecurity.GetOwner(typeof(SecurityIdentifier));
            NTAccount ntAccount = identityReference.Translate(typeof(NTAccount)) as NTAccount;
            var fileOwner = ntAccount.Value;


            //do something with file Owner
            //this.tb1.Text = "folder: " + folder.Name + " in Pfad: " + folder.Path + "owned by: " + fileOwner;
        }
        else
        {
            //error Handler
        }

    }