python selenium：selenium.common.exceptions.TimeoutException：消息：第 20 行

Question

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
import  time

driver = webdriver.Firefox()
driver.get("http://www.youtube.com")
assert "YouTube" in driver.title

def waiter(browser):
    elements = browser.find_element_by_xpath(filterButton)
    if len(elements) != 0:
        return elements
    return False

search = "//input[@id='masthead-search-term']"
searchButton = "//button[@id='search-btn']"
filterButton = "//button[@class='yt-uix-button yt-uix-button-size-small yt-uix-button-default filter-button yt-uix-expander-head yt-uix-button-toggled']"
textFieldElement = WebDriverWait(driver, 10).until(lambda driver1: driver.find_element_by_xpath(search))
textFieldElement.clear()
textFieldElement.send_keys("How to iron the clothes")
searchButtonElement = WebDriverWait(driver, 10).until(lambda driver1: driver.find_element_by_xpath(searchButton))
searchButtonElement.click()
filterButtonElement = WebDriverWait(driver, 20).until(waiter)
filterButtonElement.clickandWait()
time.sleep(10)
driver.quit()

我正在尝试使用 selenium python 绑定浏览 youtube 站点，但它在第 20 行出现超时异常错误错误。我认为这是由于 span 标签不可见。所以请给我一个解决这个问题的方法

错误生成：// selenium.common.exceptions.TimeoutException: 消息：第 20 行

Answer 1

通常，您的 XPath 表达式非常脆弱 - 不要依赖于面向布局的类，例如 yt-uix-button-size-small 或 yt-uix-expander-head。相反，例如，依赖“过滤器”按钮文本。

不要使用自定义等待函数，而是使用built-in Expected Conditions：

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait


driver = webdriver.Firefox()
driver.get("http://www.youtube.com")
wait = WebDriverWait(driver, 10)

textFieldElement = wait.until(EC.visibility_of_element_located((By.ID, "masthead-search-term")))
textFieldElement.clear()
textFieldElement.send_keys("How to iron the clothes")

searchButtonElement = wait.until(EC.visibility_of_element_located((By.ID, "search-btn")))
searchButtonElement.click()

filterButtonElement = wait.until(EC.visibility_of_element_located((By.XPATH, "//button[span = 'Filters']")))
filterButtonElement.click()