如何在 RealmSwift 中为对象生成 id？

Question

我正在使用 RealmSwift。为对象生成 id 的最佳/规范方法是什么？

这是我想出的：

class MyObject: Object {
    dynamic var id = ""
    dynamic var createdAt = NSDate()

    override class func primaryKey() -> String {
        return "id"
    }

    func save() {
        let realm = try! Realm()

        if(self.id == "") {
            while(true) {
                let newId = NSUUID().UUIDString
                let saying = realm.objectForPrimaryKey(MyObject.self, key: newId)
                if(saying == nil) {
                    self.id = newId
                    break
                }
            }
        }

        try! realm.write {
            realm.add(self)
        }
    }
}

我想要一个将对象持久保存到 Realm 并根据 id 覆盖或创建新对象的函数。这似乎工作正常，但我不确定领域中是否有内置的东西可以做到这一点。还是有更好的办法？

谢谢。

Answer 1

我知道这已经几个月了，但这就是我实现自动递增主键的方式。

此代码未经测试，但您会大致了解

class MyObject: Object {
    /**
    Primary Key

    Since you can't change the primary key after the object is saved,
    we'll use 0 to signify an unsaved object. When we set the primary key,
    we'll never use 0.
    */
    dynamic var id: Int = 0

    /**
    Some persisted value
    */
    dynamic var someString: String?

    var nextID: Int {
        do {
            let realm = try Realm()

            /// I would use .max() but Realm only supports String and signed Int for primary keys
            /// so using overflow protection, the `next` primary key would be Int.min if the
            /// current value is Int.max
            var id = realm.objects(MyObject.self).sorted("id", ascending: true).last?.id ?? 0

            /// add 1 to id until we find one that's not in use... skip 0
            repeat {
                id = Int.addWithOverflow(id, 1).0 /// Add with overflow in case we hit Int.max
            } while id == 0 || realm.objectForPrimaryKey(MyObject.self, key: id) != nil

            return id
        } catch let error as NSError {
            /// Oops
            fatal(error: error.localizedDescription)
        }
    }

    convenience init(someString: String?) {
        self.init()

        id = nextID
        self.someString = someString
        save()
    }

    override class func primaryKey() -> String? {
        return "id"
    }

    func save() {
        /// Gotta check this in case the object was created without using the convenience init
        if id == 0 { id = nextID }

        do {
            let realm = try Realm()
            try realm.write {
                /// Add... or update if already exists
                realm.add(self, update: true)
            }
        } catch let error as NSError {
            fatalError(error.localizedDescription)
        }
    }
}

创建唯一字符串ID（即：一个UUID）的过程非常相似：

class MyObject: Object {
    /**
    Primary Key
    */
    dynamic var id: String = ""

    /**
    Some persisted value
    */
    dynamic var someString: String?

    var nextID: String {
        do {
            let realm = try Realm()

            var id: String = NSUUID().UUIDString

            /// NSUUID().UUIDString almost always makes a unique ID on the first try
            /// but we'll check after we generate the first one just to be sure
            while realm.objectForPrimaryKey(MyObject.self, key: id) != nil {
                id = NSUUID().UUIDString
            }

            return id
        } catch let error as NSError {
            /// Oops
            fatal(error: error.localizedDescription)
        }
    }

    convenience init(someString: String?) {
        self.init()

        id = nextID
        self.someString = someString
        save()
    }

    override class func primaryKey() -> String? {
        return "id"
    }

    func save() {
        /// Gotta check this in case the object was created without using the convenience init
        if id == "" { id = nextID }

        do {
            let realm = try Realm()
            try realm.write {
                /// Add... or update if already exists
                realm.add(self, update: true)
            }
        } catch let error as NSError {
            fatalError(error.localizedDescription)
        }
    }
}

Answer 2

Realm(Swift) 目前不支持自增主键。您可以像上面一样设置主键，但对于自动递增和唯一键，您可以使用以下几种方法：

1. UUID（就像你上面所说的）

2. 查询对象的最大“id”（主键）并将要插入的对象设置为 id + 1。类似...

   let id = realm.objects(MyObject).max("id") + 1

3. 创建您自己的哈希签名（一个可能的示例：SHA256(epoch timestamp + SHA256(object.values)）