【发布时间】：2020-04-11 16:19:49
【问题描述】：
我看到很多关于搜索栏的讨论，但我从来没有找到真正方便的东西。我制作了一个自定义搜索栏（如果它有效，我们可能会将其添加到 tkinter 中！）。
如果您尝试此代码（组合框），它允许列表与其他小部件重叠（默认行为，我不是向导！）但您无法显示列表并将焦点放在相同的文本上是时候帮助用户了：
import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import ttk
app=tk.Tk()
app_FRAME=tk.Frame(app,relief=tk.GROOVE)
app_FRAME.pack()
def clicked_on_arrow():
print("see the list")
def var_changed():
print("var changed")
_list = ["a","b","c"]
_var = tk.StringVar()
_var.trace("w", lambda name, index, mode, x=_var: var_changed())
_COMBOBOX = ttk.Combobox(app_FRAME, postcommand=clicked_on_arrow(), values=_list, textvariable=_var)
_COMBOBOX.pack()
random_BUTTON = tk.Button(app_FRAME, text="the list can overlap over me !")
random_BUTTON.pack(fill=tk.BOTH, expand=True)
app.mainloop()
这段代码（更复杂和自定义）不能重叠（因为我不确定如何在不知道根框架的情况下实现它来创建自定义小部件）但它通过真实地可视化列表确实帮助用户时间：
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""
Created on Thu Apr 9 17:25:59 2020
@author: aymeric LAUGEL
"""
import tkinter as tk
class Search_Bar:
def create_new_list(self,string_given, string_list):
new_list = []
for string in string_list:
if(len(string_given) <=len(string)):
if(string.find(string_given) != -1):
new_list.append(string)
return new_list
def update_display_list(self):
if(self.listboxExist):
self.m_LISTBOX.delete(0,tk.END)
for string in self.m_list_to_display: self.m_LISTBOX.insert('end', string)
else:
print("listbox should exist...")
def maybe_update_display_LISTBOX(self):
possible_new_list_to_display = self.create_new_list(self.m_text_entry_object.get(), self.m_list)
print()
print("#############")
print("LISTBOX exist:",self.listboxExist)
print("var: |"+self.m_text_entry_object.get()+"|")
print("old list:",self.m_list_to_display)
print("new list:",possible_new_list_to_display)
if(len(possible_new_list_to_display) == 0):
print("nothing to display")
if(self.listboxExist):
self.delete_LISTBOX()
else:
print("La listbox n'existe déjà plus")
return
if possible_new_list_to_display == self.m_list_to_display:
print("list are the same, no need to update")
if(self.listboxExist):
pass
else:
self.create_LISTBOX()
print("Listbox should already exist cause length is more than 0...")
return
if(len(possible_new_list_to_display) == len(self.m_list_to_display)):
print("just need to update the values, not the length")
self.m_list_to_display = possible_new_list_to_display
if(self.listboxExist):
self.update_display_list()
else:
print("Listbox should have already been created.")
self.create_LISTBOX()
return
if(len(possible_new_list_to_display) >= self.m_max_element_to_display and
len(self.m_list_to_display) >= self.m_max_element_to_display):
print("not the same len but we are gonna display the max number of row anyway")
self.m_list_to_display = possible_new_list_to_display
if(self.listboxExist):
self.update_display_list()
else:
if not(self.itemInListboxSelected):
print("Listbox should have already been created....")
self.create_LISTBOX()
return
print("we have to change the length of the LISTBOX display (and the values)")
self.m_list_to_display = possible_new_list_to_display
if(self.listboxExist):
self.delete_LISTBOX()
self.create_LISTBOX()
def func_called_when_text_change(self,event):
print("the text changed")
self.maybe_update_display_LISTBOX()
def focus_in_ENTRY(self, event):
print("focus in ENTRY")
self.focusIn_ENTRY = True
self.maybe_create_LISTBOX()
def focus_out_ENTRY(self, event):
print("focus out ENTRY")
self.focusIn_ENTRY = False
self.maybe_delete_LISTBOX()
def cursor_in_ENTRY(self, event):
print("cursor in ENTRY")
self.cursorIn_ENTRY = True
def cursor_out_ENTRY(self, event):
print("cursor out ENTRY")
self.cursorIn_ENTRY = False
def focus_in_LISTBOX(self, event):
print("focus in LISTBOX")
self.focusIn_LISTBOX = True
def focus_out_LISTBOX(self, event):
print("focus out LISTBOX")
self.focusIn_LISTBOX = False
self.maybe_delete_LISTBOX()
def cursor_in_LISTBOX(self, event):
print("cursor in LISTBOX")
self.cursorIn_LISTBOX = True
def cursor_out_LISTBOX(self, event):
print("cursor out LISTBOX")
self.cursorIn_LISTBOX = False
def maybe_create_LISTBOX(self):
if(self.focusIn_ENTRY == True and self.listboxExist == False):
self.create_LISTBOX()
def maybe_delete_LISTBOX(self):
if(#self.focusIn_ENTRY == False and
self.listboxExist == True and
self.cursorIn_LISTBOX == False and
self.cursorIn_ENTRY == False):
self.delete_LISTBOX()
def item_selected(self,event):
print("an item have been selected from the listbox")
self.itemInListboxSelected = True
selected_item_tuple_id = self.m_LISTBOX.curselection()
if(selected_item_tuple_id != ()):
string = str(self.m_LISTBOX.get(self.m_LISTBOX.curselection()))
self.m_text_entry_object.set(string)
self.m_list_to_display = []
self.delete_LISTBOX()
self.itemInListboxSelected = False
def create_LISTBOX(self):
print("we create the listbox")
if(self.listboxExist):
print("Listbox should not be here")
return
if(self.m_LISTBOX != None):
print("THE LIST SHOULD HAVE BEEN ABSENT !!!")
return
if(len(self.m_list_to_display) == 0):
print("We shouldn't try to display an empty listbox...")
return
if(self.m_max_element_to_display > len(self.m_list_to_display)):
nbr_of_row_to_display = len(self.m_list_to_display)
else:
nbr_of_row_to_display = self.m_max_element_to_display
self.m_LISTBOX = tk.Listbox(self.m_FRAME, height=nbr_of_row_to_display)
self.m_LISTBOX.pack()
self.m_LISTBOX.bind("<FocusIn>", self.focus_in_LISTBOX)
self.m_LISTBOX.bind("<FocusOut>", self.focus_out_LISTBOX)
self.m_LISTBOX.bind("<Enter>", self.cursor_in_LISTBOX)
self.m_LISTBOX.bind("<Leave>", self.cursor_out_LISTBOX)
self.m_LISTBOX.bind('<<ListboxSelect>>', self.item_selected)
self.listboxExist = True
self.update_display_list()
def delete_LISTBOX(self):
print("we delete the listbox")
if not(self.listboxExist):
print("Listbox should be here")
return
if(self.m_LISTBOX == None):
print("THE LIST SHOULD HAVE BEEN PRESENT !!!")
return
self.m_LISTBOX.destroy()
del self.m_LISTBOX
self.m_LISTBOX = None
self.list_to_display = []
self.listboxExist = False
def __init__(self, actual_FRAME, _list, max_element_to_display=4):
self.itemInListboxSelected = False
self.focusIn_ENTRY = False
self.cursorIn_ENTRY = False
self.cursorIn_LISTBOX = False
self.listboxExist = False
self.m_list = _list
if(max_element_to_display > len(_list)):
print("vous ne pouvez pas display plus d'éléments qu'il y en a dans la list...")
self.m_max_len_to_display = len(_list)
self.m_max_element_to_display = max_element_to_display
self.m_list_to_display = self.m_list
self.m_FRAME = actual_FRAME
self.m_text_entry_object = tk.StringVar()
self.m_text_entry_object.trace("w", lambda name, index, mode, x=self.m_text_entry_object: self.func_called_when_text_change(x))
self.m_ENTRY = tk.Entry(self.m_FRAME, textvariable=self.m_text_entry_object)
self.m_ENTRY.pack(side = tk.TOP)
self.m_ENTRY.bind("<FocusIn>", self.focus_in_ENTRY)
self.m_ENTRY.bind("<FocusOut>", self.focus_out_ENTRY)
self.m_ENTRY.bind("<Enter>", self.cursor_in_ENTRY)
self.m_ENTRY.bind("<Leave>", self.cursor_out_ENTRY)
self.m_LISTBOX = None
#self.create_LISTBOX()
#self.m_FRAME.pack_propagate(0)
#self.delete_LISTBOX()
if __name__ == "__main__":
app=tk.Tk()
app.geometry('500x300')
_list = ["fruit de la passion", "pomme","poire","pêche","abricot","pamplemousse","orange","raisin","cassis"]
search_bar_FRAME=tk.Frame(app,relief=tk.GROOVE, borderwidth=5)
search_bar_FRAME.pack(side=tk.TOP,expand=True)
SEARCH_BAR = Search_Bar(search_bar_FRAME, _list, max_element_to_display=5)
_list_2 = ["amour","gloire","pouvoir de l'instant présent","beauté","guerre","action"]
search_bar_2_FRAME=tk.Frame(app,relief=tk.GROOVE, borderwidth=5)
search_bar_2_FRAME.pack(side=tk.TOP)
SEARCH_BAR_2 = Search_Bar(search_bar_2_FRAME, _list_2, max_element_to_display=3)
other_FRAME=tk.Frame(app,relief=tk.GROOVE, borderwidth=5)
other_FRAME.pack()
_random_Button = tk.Button(other_FRAME, text="This search bar can't overlap over me...")
_random_Button.pack(side=tk.LEFT)
app.mainloop()
我的问题是：
如何将其他小部件与组合框列表等列表重叠，但在用户键入内容时仍通过显示列表来帮助用户？
我希望我说清楚了，你可以分别启动这两个代码来看看利弊。
欢迎任何形式的建议、示例或帮助！ :)
也许如何自定义组合框，因为它几乎是它！
其他话题谈论一些可以提供帮助的东西：
【问题讨论】：
标签： python tkinter combobox overlap searchbar