【问题标题】:Crash caused by subclassing a class that inherits from Codable in Swift子类化继承自 Swift 中的 Codable 的类导致的崩溃
【发布时间】:2018-08-01 09:12:26
【问题描述】:

当我尝试访问 Codable 子类实例的属性并且满足以下两个条件之一时,我的应用程序崩溃了:

  1. 子类是Codable 的多级子类
  2. 有一个函数调用JSONEncoder().encode 这个函数不必调用,它只需要在你实例化相关类的地方出现。

Entity.swift:

class Entity: Codable {

}

ChildEntity.swift:

// If ChildEntity inherits from Entity, the app will crash
/* If ChildEntity simply implements Codable like so : class ChildEntity: Codable,
    the app will not crash even with the 'causesCorruptionEvenIfNotCalled' function in ChildEntityController
*/
class ChildEntity: Entity {
    var name: String = ""
}

ViewController.swift:(初始视图控制器)

import UIKit

class ViewController: UIViewController {

    override func viewDidLoad() {
        super.viewDidLoad()

        let childEntity: ChildEntity = ChildEntity()

        // Simply having the function 'causesCorruptionEvenIfNotCalled' in the code  (not calling it) causes 'childEntity' properties to become inacessible

        // Before accessing the property, 'childEntity.name' is a normal empty String

        let name: String = childEntity.name // CRASH: name cannot be accessed because of a EXC_BAD_ACCESS error

        // At this point 'childEntity.name' is corrupted with random data but 'name' has an empty String
        // You can get get the property's value but inspecting either 'name' and 'childEntity.name' throws and EXC_BAD_ACCESS error

        print("name: \(name)")
    }

    // Commenting or removing this function's body will prevent all the issues below
    func causesCorruptionEvenIfNotCalled(object: Entity) {
        let _: Data? = try? JSONEncoder().encode(object)
    }

}

有几件事让我感到困惑:

  • 只是有一个调用JSONEncoder().encode 的函数会导致崩溃。即使没有在任何地方调用该函数。

  • 如果你把let _: Data? = try? JSONEncoder().encode(childEntity)放在ChildEntity的初始化之后,应用程序不会崩溃,即使你让我刚才讲的causesCorruptionEvenIfNotCalled函数。

  • 如果ChildEntity 直接继承自Codable,则没有问题,应用不会崩溃。

如何在保留 JSON 编码器的继承结构和功能的同时防止崩溃?

这是一个示例项目:https://drive.google.com/open?id=1mrhOmm4kOAdMjLk5nlFLDeo6vTsBo1Uv

【问题讨论】:

标签: swift inheritance exc-bad-access codable jsonencoder


【解决方案1】:

似乎从Codable 继承的符合类在某种程度上不完全支持开箱即用。我不得不覆盖func encode(to encoder: Encoder) throws 并在里面调用super。我以为这是默认行为,但我错了。

ChildEntity 类现在如下所示:

class ChildEntity: Entity {
    var name: String = ""

    override func encode(to encoder: Encoder) throws {
        try super.encode(to: encoder)
    }
}

从Swift核心代码来看,它并没有调用super:https://github.com/apple/swift/blob/master/stdlib/public/core/Codable.swift.gyb

这个错误似乎有些相关:https://bugs.swift.org/browse/SR-4772

【讨论】:

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