Swift 将无效 URL 格式化为有效 URL

Question

我想将 invalid URLs 折射为 valid 个如果可能，否则只返回一个空的 String。

这里有 5 个例子：

请以你的名字呼唤我 https://www.amazon.de/dp/B07B58SGWP/ref=cm_sw_r_cp_api_fabc_iCJ6Fb0QVVW8Y?_encoding=UTF8&psc=1

https://farfetch.onelink.me/yQyB/b9f5e5d2?af_dp=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.farfetch.com%2Fshopping%2Fitem-16119737.aspx&af_web_dp=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.farfetch.com%2Fitem-16119737.aspx Shoppen Golden Goose 'Hi Star' 运动鞋

Schau dir LANDSKRONA von IKEA an。 Hier noch weitere 信息： https://ingka.page.link/gqV9dAw61TqNJrne9

https://www.amazon.de/DALLE-PIANE-CASHMERE-Anthrazit-Einheitsgröße/dp/B06XY2ZGBZ/ref=mp_s_a_1_13_sspa?dchild=1&keywords=dalle%2Bpiane%2Bcashmere%2Bschal&qid=1610091194&sprefix=dalle%2Bpia&sr=8-13-spons&psc=1&spLa=ZW5jcnlwdGVkUXVhbGlmaWVyPUExT0hHOFRLWElYVUJBJmVuY3J5cHRlZElkPUEwOTY1ODUyOUJWWUU4MlY0SVUwJmVuY3J5cHRlZEFkSWQ9QTA0ODk2NzEzSDZNSUJOR1haREVTJndpZGdldE5hbWU9c3BfcGhvbmVfc2VhcmNoX210ZiZhY3Rpb249Y2xpY2tSZWRpcmVjdCZkb05vdExvZ0NsaWNrPXRydWU&th=1

https://www.apple.com/de/shop/buy-ipad/ipad-air/64gb-grün-wifi

所以我对此进行了讨论，我需要一个函数，将String 剥离为实际的URL（仅前三个示例），但还要折射那些不能在有效@987654330 中的字母@。我主要在第二个中挣扎。我不太明白为什么这些不能在valid Swift URL 中重新生成，即使它们可以在普通的网络浏览器中打开......

感谢任何帮助！

Answer 1

一个可能的解决方案是尝试查找一个 URL。 让我们分离每个“子元素”，然后测试每个子元素，并尝试百分比转义无效字符。

func findingPossibleURL(in string: String) -> URL? {
    let components = string.components(separatedBy: .whitespacesAndNewlines)
    let possibleURLs = components.compactMap { aCandidate -> URL? in
        if let range = aCandidate.range(of: "http") {
            let candidate = String(aCandidate[range.lowerBound...])
            if let asSuch = URL(string: candidate) {
                return asSuch
            } else {
                if let percentEscaped = candidate.addingPercentEncoding(withAllowedCharacters: .urlQueryAllowed) {
                    return URL(string: percentEscaped)
                }
            }
        }
        return nil
    }
    return possibleURLs.first
}

使用示例：

let stringToTest = ...
if let url = URL(string: stringToTest) {
    //That's the URL
} else if let url = findingPossibleURL(in: stringToTest) {
    //That's the URL
} else {
    //We couldn't find a URL
}

测试：

let tests = ["Call me by your name https://www.amazon.de/dp/B07B58SGWP/ref=cm_sw_r_cp_api_fabc_iCJ6Fb0QVVW8Y?_encoding=UTF8&psc=1",
             "https://farfetch.onelink.me/yQyB/b9f5e5d2?af_dp=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.farfetch.com%2Fshopping%2Fitem-16119737.aspx&af_web_dp=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.farfetch.com%2Fitem-16119737.aspx Shoppen Golden Goose 'Hi Star' Sneakers",
             "Schau dir LANDSKRONA von IKEA an. Hier noch weitere Informationen: https://ingka.page.link/gqV9dAw61TqNJrne9",
             "https://www.amazon.de/DALLE-PIANE-CASHMERE-Anthrazit-Einheitsgröße/dp/B06XY2ZGBZ/ref=mp_s_a_1_13_sspa?dchild=1&keywords=dalle%2Bpiane%2Bcashmere%2Bschal&qid=1610091194&sprefix=dalle%2Bpia&sr=8-13-spons&psc=1&spLa=ZW5jcnlwdGVkUXVhbGlmaWVyPUExT0hHOFRLWElYVUJBJmVuY3J5cHRlZElkPUEwOTY1ODUyOUJWWUU4MlY0SVUwJmVuY3J5cHRlZEFkSWQ9QTA0ODk2NzEzSDZNSUJOR1haREVTJndpZGdldE5hbWU9c3BfcGhvbmVfc2VhcmNoX210ZiZhY3Rpb249Y2xpY2tSZWRpcmVjdCZkb05vdExvZ0NsaWNrPXRydWU&th=1",
             "https://www.apple.com/de/shop/buy-ipad/ipad-air/64gb-grün-wifi",
             "hello world",
             "",
             "Gerade entdechttps://www.zalando.at/adidas-originals-tight-leggings-hosen-blackwhite-ad121a0er-q11.html"]
tests.forEach { aTest in
    print("Testing: \(aTest)")

    if let url = URL(string: aTest) {
        print("Found URL: \(url)")
    } else if let url = findingPossibleURL(in: aTest) {
        print("Found URL: \(url)")
    } else {
        print("NO URL FOUND")
    }
}